轮胎红外测温防爆预警系统设计研究

针对高速公路上汽车爆胎事故频繁发生的现象,通过对轮胎生热机理、轮胎爆裂机理的研究,阐述轮胎红外测温防爆预警系统的结构、基本原理,完成轮胎红外测温防爆预警系统的硬件和软件设计。实验结果表明该系统可以实时监测轮胎表面温度的分布情况,当温度过高时自动报警,帮助驾驶员合理使用轮胎,实现轮胎防爆预警功能,避免因此而造成人员和财产损失,为车辆安全行驶,避免重大交通安全事故具有很大的社会和经济意义。研究表明,该系统对防止汽车爆胎的发生有着实际的应用价值。     

四种算法用于近红外测定制浆材材性的对比研究

采集了常见制浆材(桉木、相思木及杨木)样品的近红外光谱,测定了样品的基本密度、综纤维素、木质素和苯醇抽出物含量,用人为控制水分的方法测定了样品的水分含量。对原始光谱进行预处理后,分别运用偏最小二乘法(PLS)、LASSO算法、支持向量机法(SVR)和人工神经网络法(BP-ANN)建立基本密度、水分含量、综纤维素、木质素和苯醇抽出物含量的预测模型。对预测模型进行独立验证,结果显示:LASSO算法建立的基本密度和综纤维素模型性能最优,其预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.006 3 g/cm~3和0.49%,绝对偏差(AD)范围分别为-0.008 8~0.009 6 g/cm~3和-0.85%~0.87%;PLS建立的水分含量模型及苯醇抽出物模型最优,RMSEP值分别为1.21%和0.24%,AD范围分别为-1.99%~2.03%和-0.35%~0.38%;SVR建立的木质素模型最优,RMSEP值为0.43%,AD范围为-0.76%~0.74%,均满足制浆造纸工业中对误差的要求。     

Lignin Characterization of Triploid Clones of Populus tomentosa Carr.

In order to understand the structural characteristics of lignin in triploid clones ofPopulus tomentosa and its changes in the processes of pulping and bleaching, milled wood lignin （MWL）, lignin carbohydrate complex （LCC） and the residual lignin from kraft pulp （KP） and sulfite pulp （SP） were isolated and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrum and ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）. The most diagnostic peaks were assigned and the differences were discussed. The spectral patterns reveal that triploid P tomentosa shows the specific features of hardwood from temperate areas, but in the spectrum of FTIR, the strength ratio orAl270 cm^-1 to A1226 cm^-1 is 0.88, higher than the average of hardwood from temperate areas, which will make the lignin delignification more difficult during pulping and bleaching. The LCC from triploid P tomentosa is mainly composed of xyloglucan and glucuronic acid, and other glucides have much lower ratio. In LCC FTIR, there are three peaks at 1 427, 1 329 and 1 046 cm^-1, indicating that both semi-cellulose and cellulose could exist in LCC, and that there might be relationships between cellulose and lignin. Compared with the residual lignin from KP and SP, the condensed structure in KP is more than that in SP.     

山地植物群落生物多样性与生物生产力海拔梯度变化研究进展

文中从生物学谱中群落和生态系统尺度，根据国内外的野外观测文献，总结了山地植被在群落生物多样性和生物生产力2方面的海拔梯度变化特征，以及群落生物生产力与生物多样性的关系，并提出目前该领域研究的几个热点问题。     

一种快速测定棕榈藤材材质特性的近红外光谱分析法

分析了棕榈藤生物质材料特点与近红外光谱关系;阐述了近红外光谱分析技术可以快速准确地预测棕榈藤材的材质特性,并详细介绍了其中包括藤材的选择及加工、藤材近红外光谱采集、藤材材性真值测量、多变量数据分析与模型建立的实验方法与操作步骤。     

竹炭性能的研究进展

文章主要根据目前国内的竹炭研究进展的状况．综述了竹炭吸附性能、竹炭导电性能、竹炭改良土壤的性能、竹炭的负离子功效和竹炭的远红外功效的研究进展。     

红树植物地面反射光谱特征研究

结合使用野外便携式光谱仪对九龙江口红树林保护区白骨壤、秋茄、桐花树3种红树植物的叶冠表观光谱的测量结果,系统分析比较了红树植物叶冠反射光谱特征及其差异;并在一个潮间带底质遥感信息处理平台上对研究地点进行基于表观光谱特征的白骨壤和秋茄的SPOT卫星遥感图像分类;最后讨论了红树光谱研究中存在的问题。     

广东康禾自然保护区植物区系研究

根据对保护区的植被调查,分析了该保护区的植物区系、生活型谱和植被类型,结果显示该保护区植物区系组成以泛热带和热带亚洲成分最为丰富,各占30.5%和13.8%;生活型谱以高位芽植物占绝对优势,但比例略低于近纬度带的阴那山等地区;植被类型主要为亚热带常绿阔叶林,但因人为破坏较严重,现有植被主要为次生性较强的常绿阔叶林和针阔叶混交林。     

滇西北光叶珙桐群落特征及种群更新研究

对滇西北光叶珙桐所处群落的群落结构、物种组成、区系特征、生活型谱及光叶珙桐的种群更新状况进行了研究。结果表明,（1）该地区光叶珙桐群落结构层次分明,乔木层盖度达40％-70％,优势种明显;（2）群落植物资源相对稀少,共有野生维管束植物60科100属114种;（3）群落种子植物区系构成中,以温带分布属为主,占总属数的52.17％;（4）光叶珙桐种群更新较差,主要由自身原因、生境原因、动物啃食及人为干扰共同作用所致。     

Thermal Infrared Radiation for Assessing Crop Water Stress in Wheat

Field studies on differentially irrigated wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) crops were conducted at Pantnagar for two years to evaluate the use of thermal infrared radiation to detect crop water stress. Data show that the stress-degree-day index (mid day canopy-air temperature difference) is influenced by environmental variability other than soil moisture. Improvement in the stress-degree-day (SDD) index was achieved by including the measurements of vapor pressure deficit and approach was termed as plant water stress index (PWSI). Observations indicated that daily variation in SDD values due to meteorological changes was removed through PWSI. Better correlation was found between soil-induced leaf water potential and plant water stress index than between total leaf water potential and plant water stress index. It is concluded that remote sensing of thermal infrared radiation offers a promising technique which can be incorporated into irrigation management programme.