不同栽培方式对大豆产量及构成因子的影响

为了提高大豆产量,试验设置2种配套栽培模式处理,研究45cm窄行密植栽培模式和65cm垄作栽培模式对大豆产量及其构成因子的影响,并对经济效益进行分析。结果表明:垄作栽培下,黑河36的株荚数、株粒数、荚粒数均高于窄行密植栽培模式下的合农60。合农60窄行密植栽培模式产量为3 615kg·hm-2,黑河36垄作栽培模式产量为2 865kg·hm-2,2种栽培模式下产量差异达到极显著水平。窄行密植栽培模式较垄作栽培模式增产750kg·hm-2,增产率达到26.18%,增收效益为3 000元·hm-2。     

农户贷款第一还款来源影响因素及其应用分析——基于陕西省岐山县的调研数据

依据陕西省岐山县实地调研的农户数据,采用二元Logistic回归模型对第一还款来源影响因素进行实证分析,并对照回归结果将影响因素应用于农户贷款信用评级中。结果表明:农户性别、家庭年收入、贷款是否满足需要、贷款用途、有无政府贴息、农户的年龄、家庭人数、贷款期限、有无自然灾害对第一还款来源有显著影响;第一还款来源影响因素在农户贷款信用评级中的应用是可行、有效的。建议农村金融机构应侧重于以上显著影响因素提供差异化的金融产品和服务,有针对性地制定配套方案,并要充分考虑当地农户的个体特征因素,从根本上提高第一还款来源比重。     

家庭蔬菜病虫害非农药防治技术

近年来,随着人们生活水平的提高和对蔬菜消费观念的改变,利用庭院、阳台、露台、楼顶等家居空间开展家庭蔬菜种植悄然兴起。从品种的选择与搭配、基质选择、物理措施、植物制剂、肥料及家居日用品等方面介绍了家庭蔬菜病虫害的非农药防治技术,以期为家庭蔬菜安全生产提供参考。     

植物品种权许可实施合同选择分析

许可实施是植物品种权实施的主要模式之一，是将创新品种转化为利润的重要机制，能够激励植 物新品种研发创新，并促进新品种技术扩散。植物品种权许可实施不同于品种权转让，具有收入效应和竞 争效应，从微观角度可以提高知识资产的使用效率。但是植物品种权许可实施的收入效应和竞争效应受复 杂因素影响，由于信息不对称和不确定因素的存在，许可双方无法事先签订完美的许可合同。品种权人可 以通过许可合同价格条款和许可范围的选择，利用“入门费 分期提成/阶段性支付”的许可费用模式， 规避许可风险。     

Toward sustainable harvesting of Africa's largest medicinal plant export (Prunus africana): a case study in Tanzania

Global demand for treating prostate disorders with Prunus africana bark extract has made P. africana Africa's largest medicinal plant export. Unsustainable harvesting practices can lead to local extirpations of this multipurpose tree. Survey research targeting P. africana harvesters in a Tanzania forest reserve revealed that 78% of them used unsustainable harvesting practices. This research focused on establishing a socioeconomic profile of the harvesters, the profitability of their business operations, and identifying the factors that influence their selection of harvesting practices. Results indicate that harvesters have above-national-average education, double the average family size, and generate income exceeding government's minimum wages. Large family size and high earning potential imply increased future harvesting activity. Logistic regression results indicate that education and training level could predict the likelihood that a harvester would use unsustainable harvesting practices. Local- and district-level government organisations could implement a resource assessment as a basis to design and implement harvesting schedules and ensure that the harvesters receive appropriate training, regardless of their education level.     

农户经济增长与发展稳定性研究

通过大量长期跟踪观察的农户资料对农户纱济增长与发展进行了实证分析，揭示出农记脓庭经济增长与发展的稳定性是有条件的，在一定家庭生命周期段农户经济可以持续增长，当家庭生命周期运行到一定程度，农户经济增长必然出现衰退。     

农业经济政策与粮食主产区农民增收耦合机制发展研究

通过改进的索洛模型,对建国以来我国农业经济政策与粮食主产区农民增收发展的历史与现状进行了实证。结果显示:农业经济政策制定与实施力度的直接贡献度与粮食主产区农民增收成正相关关系,在此基础上提出相应耦合机制的政策建议。     

安徽农业投资与农民收入的相关研究

以1985—2003年安徽省农业统计资料为样本,采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法,建立安徽省农业投资与安徽省农业经济增长的计量经济模型,并在此基础上提出了增加安徽农业投资,加快安徽农民收入增长的对策。     

Income Distribution and Growth--Survey of Theories and Empirical in Modern Western Economics

Economic growth and income distribution are two of the major subjects in international economic studies. Perforce theory believes that inequality improve growth. Endogenous economic growth theory shows that inequality is harmful for growth. After summarizing western theory on growth and income distribution, this paper gives the detail survey of relationship between income distribution and growth, and the mechanism of the effect is discussed.     

Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Winston Halapua, Living on the fringe: Melanesians of Fiji Patrick Fuery and Nick Mansfield, Cultural Studies and Critical Theory Keith Chambers and Anne Chambers, Unity of Heart. Culture and Change in a Polynesian Atoll Society Alice Aruhe’eta Pollard, Givers of Wisdom, Labourers without Gain: Essays on Women in Solomon Islands Prema–chandra Athukorala, Chris Manning and Piyasiri Wickramasekara, Growth, Employment and Migration in Southeast Asia: Structural Change in the Greater Mekong Countries Edvard Hviding and Tim Bayliss–Smith, Islands of Rainforest: Agroforestry, Logging and Eco–tourism in Solomon Islands