深厚覆盖层上高心墙堆石坝坝顶开裂特征及原因研究

国内多座深厚覆盖层上兴建的高心墙土石坝坝顶均出现不同程度的开裂,对坝体的长期安全稳定构成威胁,受到业内广泛关注。通过地质雷达、高密度电法等物探技术确定某高心墙堆石坝顶裂缝时空分布情况,根据变形实测资料分析了其变形破坏特征,并结合工程建设情况、结构特征、运行情况等对开裂原因进行分析。结果表明坝顶裂缝产生的根本原因是土体承受的应力超过其抗拉强度或抗剪强度后而发生的破坏,直接原因为坝顶的不均匀沉降,其中水荷载、湿化变形、蓄水速度、坝顶材料特性是坝顶不均匀沉降的关键影响因素。     

TOPMODEL在水阳江流域的应用及模型对DEM昀敏感性检验

将TOPMODEL模型应用到安徽水阳江流域，检验其在湿润地区的径流模拟能力，得到了较好的模拟结果。同时，利用安徽水阳江流域不同分辨率的DEM数据，进行了DEM分辨率对TOPMODEL模型的模拟结果的敏感性实验分析，结果袁明，随着流域DEM数据分辨率的降低，模型的确定性系数也随之降低，模型对流域的DEM数据是敏感的。     

高效实用型黄瓜嫁接技术——生长点斜插法

为了提升黄瓜嫁接苗对设施栽培连作障碍的耐受能力,提高幼苗的抗病性与抗逆性,同时确保嫁接成活率,增加产品产量及品质,在传统的黄瓜嫁接方法基础上,改进出高效实用的生长点斜插嫁接法,为此创新出了专用嫁接工具——β形铝合金嫁接签,并申报了实用新型专利（专利号： 201811595026.X）;为了提高嫁接苗的成活率,在对砧穗进行特定处理的同时,还探索出了嫁接苗生长最佳环境的保障装置——育苗钢架。通过育苗基质的营养控制、省略嫁接夹具的插接方法及保温保湿的育苗钢架等系列配套技术的使用,使得生长点斜插嫁接技术具备了突出的实用性与高效性,十分适合在实际生产中推广使用。     

高浓度细胞分裂素诱导棉花悬浮细胞程序性死亡

棉花悬浮细胞经高浓度细胞分裂素（2mg／L KT或4mg／L KT）处理后第4天大量死亡，培养物呈褐黑色；抽提总DNA，进行琼脂糖胶电泳，结果表明：2mg／L KT和4mg／L KT两处理中有明显的大小为140～180bp及其倍增量片段的DNA“梯”。进行PI和FDA染色显微观察可以看到：2mg／L KT处理中大部分细胞的细胞核较小，核质浓缩，呈棒形或弯月形；胞质浓缩，出现了不对称的质壁分离，且丧失了FDA染色活性。这些结果表明，由高浓度细胞分裂素处理引起的棉花悬浮细胞大规模死亡是一种细胞程序性死亡（PCD）。不同的生理状态（UCSA和BAE）和不同生长时期（指数增长期和静止期）的棉花悬浮细胞对高浓度细胞分裂素的诱导反应存在差异。     

Distribution and Dynamics of Phosphorus in an Agricultural Watershed with a Long-Term History of Poultry Waste Application

The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of long-term broiler litter application on soil phosphorus (P) and water quality and examine the spatial variations of soil P at a private poultry farm in Mississippi. Results indicated that the littered soil had 86 times more Mehlich III–extractable P in the surface horizon compared to the nonlittered soil. When compared to the runoff from nonlittered soil, mean soluble phosphate (PO₄)-P concentrations in the littered soil's runoff were 85 times greater throughout the study. Mass loss of P from the littered field was significantly greater than from the nonlittered field, and it decreased with each sequential runoff event. There were no linear relationships between the spatial variations of litter application rates and the P spatial variability in the littered soil; however, the variations in soil P levels could be a result of the cumulative effects of more than 20 years of litter application.     

板栗杂交新品种‘南垂5号’

‘南垂5号’是以‘垂枝’为母本,‘南沟1号’为父本杂交育成的板栗新品种。树姿开张。坚果单粒质量12.51 g,可溶性糖19.52%,淀粉50.12%,蛋白质5.56%,果肉口感细糯,风味香甜。结果早,丰产性强。适宜中国北方板栗栽培区缓坡丘陵及沙地种植。     

2013年夏季内蒙古干旱-半干旱区两次极端降水事件对比

2013年夏季,内蒙古中西部干旱-半干旱区多次出现极端降水事件,引发气象灾害.为探寻其特征及成因,选择“6·30”、“7·14”两次典型极端降水事件,从天气尺度系统、中尺度对流系统、热力动力条件、水汽来源等方面进行对比分析,得到以下结论:①“6 · 30”暴雨是华北小高压前的切变线产生;“7·14”暴雨是“北槽南涡”与台风北上共同作用的结果.②两次暴雨都是中尺度对流复合体(MCS)发展的结果.“6·30”暴雨突发性强,具有局地特点;“7·14”暴雨具有列车效应,持续时间长.③两次暴雨水汽来源不同.“6·30”暴雨水汽来源于南海;“7.14”暴雨是“北槽南涡”加上远距离台风输送的结果.④“6·30”暴雨是高压切变线西侧干、东侧湿,在锋区附近产生上升运动促发不稳定能量释放;高空“干侵入”是“7·14”暴雨的促发机制.⑤东亚夏季风偏强,西北太平洋副热带高压脊线位置偏北,是内蒙古中西部干旱-半干旱区极端降水事件的重要原因.     

林权变更中时空信息分析

分析了林权变更中的时间变化特点,以及随着时间变化林地空间与属性变化情况,在此基础上对林权变更中的时空信息进行组织与管理,实现时空信息管理系统时空查询和历史回溯功能。     

Comparison of physiological and yield traits between purple- and white-pericarp rice using SLs

Five physiological and eleven yield traits of two pairs of sister lines generated from a high generation with similar genetic background (SLs) for purple pericarp were investigated to explore the reasons behind low-yield production of colored rice. Of the five physiological traits examined, except grain anthocyanin content, there were generally similar trends between the P (purple-pericarp) lines and the corresponding W (white-pericarp) lines over two seasons (in the year 2009 and 2010 separately). The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll content of flag leaves, the net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves, and the grain anthocyanin content could be easily influenced by the environment. The physiological functions of the traits for the P lines were more active than those of the corresponding W lines in the year 2010. The grain anthocyanin content of the P lines was much greater in the year 2010 than in the year 2009 during the growth period. The investigation of yield traits revealed that the P lines had reduced 1000-grain weight, yield per plot and grain/brown rice thickness compared to the W lines. A difference comparison of these traits and a source-sink and transportation relationship analysis for these SLs suggested that small sink size was a key reason behind yield reduction of purple pericarp rice.     

How does industrial agglomeration affect regional innovation? A spatial econometric analysis

This study empirically investigates the direct and indirect (spillover) effects of three types of industrial agglomeration with different cognitive distances, namely, industrial specialization, industrial related variety, and industrial unrelated variety, on regional innovation. Accordingly, we applied the concepts of related and unrelated variety and used spatial econometric analysis. Based on panel data of 283 Chinese cities from 2004 to 2016, the empirical results reveal that both industrial specialization and industrial related variety significantly improve regional innovation and produce positive spatial spillover effects on the surrounding regions. However, industrial unrelated variety has a significant negative impact on regional innovation and produces a negative spatial spillover effect on the surrounding regions. Moreover, the direct and indirect effects of the three types of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation between China's coastal and inland cities. The findings have important theoretical and policy implications.