加酶益生素对哺乳及断奶仔猪生产性能和腹泻频率的影响

采用在子饲养试验的方法，探讨益生不对哺乳对仔猪进行早期接种，以及哺乳猪料和断奶仔猪料中添加加酶益生不后对生产性能和腹泻率的影响。试验结果表明：试验组哺乳仔猪日增重比对照组提高15．94％（P＜0．01），试验组断奶仔猪日增重比对照组提高8．75％（P＞0．05）；哺乳仔猪腹泻频率低于对照组（P＜0．05）断奶仔猪腹泻频率比对照组低46．56％（P＜0．01）。哺乳仔猪0－7d涂抹益生素接种，哺乳断奶全程使用加酶益生素可有效提高哺乳仔猪日增重，降低断奶仔猪腹泻频率。     

干热河谷地区澳洲坚果果实发育特性及落果调查

为研究澳洲坚果在云南省干热河谷地区果实生长规律以及落果规律,同时为干热河谷地区澳洲坚果的生产提供理论依据以及科学指导,以3 个澳洲坚果品种‘HASE695’、‘HASE900’、‘Own Choice’为材料,对果实生长特性及落果特点进行调查。结果表明：澳洲坚果果实生长膨大的关键时期为4 月中下旬—5 月中旬,增长了1.38~1.54 cm;在潞江坝干热河谷地区澳洲坚果存在2 个落果高峰期,第1 落果高峰期主要以授粉受精不良以及果实快速生长营养不良导致,第2 高峰期则主要表现为熟前落果,HASE695’、‘HASE900’、‘Own Choice’在这期间的落果分别占落果总数的2.7%、2.11%、4.51%,这期间澳洲坚果果实已经达到恒定大小。研究发现,澳洲坚果的保果措施应该主要针对这一期间进行深入研究,使落果减少,提高产量。     

长白和大白猪主要生长性状的遗传参数估计

旨在分析母猪的出生年份、出生季节、初生重、开测日龄等固定效应对长白、大白猪主要生长性状的影响,并对目标生长性状进行遗传参数估计(遗传力、遗传方差、表型相关和遗传相关),为猪的遗传改良提供基本依据.本试验利用GLM模型分析试验猪群(398头长白猪和1176头大白猪)的固定效应对猪生长性状的影响,并采用多性状动物模型对目标...     

Effect of genistein on IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1 in young and aged female rat ovary

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of genistein (GEN) on expression of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP‐1) in young and aged rat ovary. Forty young female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (200 ± 20 g) and forty aged female SD rats (490 ± 20 g) were selected and according to weight, they were divided into the following five groups with eight animals in each: negative control group (NC), low‐dose group (L), middle‐dose group (M), high‐dose group (H) and positive control group (PC). GEN group received GEN of 15, 30, 60 mg/kg respectively. It lasted 30 days. Concentrations of serum hormones, IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1 were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene and protein expressions of IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1 were determined by real‐time PCR and Western blot respectively. Compared with NC, GEN significantly increased oestradiol‐17β(E₂) level in aged rat, reduced luteinizing hormone (LH) level in young and aged rat. Serum levels of IGFBP‐1 in young rats were significantly higher in GEN groups (p < 0.05). mRNA and protein expression levels of IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1 were positively correlated with GEN dose. GEN could significantly reduce the ratio of IGF‐1/IGFBP‐1 of aged rats. Multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1 levels significantly correlated with GEN dose. We speculate that there is an association between the addition of GEN and expression of IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐1, and the relationship between them is different in young and aged rat.     

饲料糖脂比对吉富罗非鱼生长、血液指标和肝脏糖代谢关键酶活性及基因表达的影响

为探讨糖脂比对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、血液生化指标和肝脏糖代谢关键酶的影响,本实验设计了5种不同糖脂比(1.5、2.3、3.9、7.0、16.5)的等氮等能饲料,以吉富罗非鱼幼鱼为实验对象,进行了为期8周的饲养实验。结果显示,随饲料中糖脂比升高,吉富罗非鱼特定生长率(SGR)、增重率(WGR)和蛋白质效率(PER)先升高后降低,糖脂比为3.9和7.0时,WGR、SGR和PER最高。饵料系数(FCR)的变化趋势与此相反,在糖脂比为3.9和7.0组显著低于其他组。随着饲料糖脂比的增加,吉富罗非鱼全鱼粗脂肪含量逐渐下降,在糖脂比为16.5时达到最低水平,但仅与1.5组存在显著差异。血浆甘油三酯在糖脂比最高组也出现显著降低,血浆胆固醇同样在糖脂比最高组显著低于3.9组。然而血糖的变化趋势相反,当糖脂比为16.5时显著高于其他组。随着糖脂比的升高,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼肝脏中丙酮酸激酶(PK)的活性及mRNA表达量逐渐升高,而磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)的活性及mRNA表达水平则逐渐下降。根据二次回归模型得出,在等氮等能的饲料条件下,吉富罗非鱼幼鱼最适宜的糖水平和脂肪水平分别为49.69%和9.53%,其对应的糖脂比为8.4。     

浅析植物生长调节剂对选792桑叶激素的影响

[目的1研究植物生长调节剂对选792桑树品种在夏伐时进行处理,其叶片中激素含量的变化动态。[方法]设缩节胺200mg／L、天丰素200nqtg／L、清水3个处理,研究植物生长调节剂对选792桑树品种叶片中GA,、Z＋ZR、IAA、ABA含量变化及影响。[结果]200mg／L天丰素在处理初期,即第3～10天,不同程度地降低了叶片中GA3、Z＋ZR、IAA／ABA的比值及含量,在处理的中后期,该处理使得叶片中Z＋ZR、IAA／ABA的比值及含量均有所升高;200mg／L缩节胺在处理初期,抑制了叶片中GA、的含量,但第3～10天使得GA、含量又迅速升高,同时IAA／ABA的比值也明显较其他处理有所下降,而Z＋ZR含量则无明显差异。[结论]不同温度、季节、桑树生长时期等环境条件,相同桑树品种对植物生长调节剂的反应不同。     

白花蛇舌草多糖对小鼠免疫功能和生长发育的影响

为探讨白花蛇舌草多糖对小鼠免疫功能和生长发育的影响,本研究将60只雌性昆明小鼠随机等分为4组,1~3组分别以50、100和150 mg/kg 体重的白花蛇舌草多糖粗提物灌胃小鼠,连续给药7 d,第4组以等量的生理盐水灌胃,作为空白对照组。最后一次给药12 h后,各组小鼠用鸡新城疫弱毒疫苗接种,2头份/只,分别于给药结束后的7、14和21 d采小鼠外周血并分离淋巴细胞和血清。用淋巴细胞转化试验(CCK-8法)测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力;微量血凝抑制试验评价血清中新城疫抗体水平;测定各组小鼠体重;21 d测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力,并测定脾脏指数。统计学分析结果显示,白花蛇舌草多糖组小鼠的外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力、免疫抗体水平、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力、脾脏指数和体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且具有量效关系。结果表明,白花蛇舌草多糖能显著提高机体的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫功能,促进机体的生长发育。本试验结果为利用白花蛇舌草多糖开发保健产品提供了参考。     

土壤施用保水剂对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响

本试验以普通栽培型番茄‘辽园多丽’为试验材料,采用不同粒度保水剂进行土壤拌施,研究了其对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响,为生产上获得壮苗、节约水资源服务。结果表明,不同粒度的保水剂土壤拌施能提高番茄幼苗的株高、茎粗、单位面积叶片重、根茎叶的干鲜重,能够提高G值和壮苗指数,促进番茄幼苗功能叶的光合作用,番茄幼苗功能叶的叶绿素含量和净光合速率均提高。综合不同粒度保水剂处理后对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响,以中等粒度的保水剂处理效果最好。     

Influence of growth ring angle,adhesive system and viscosity on the shear strength of adhesive bonds

Abstract

To investigate the influence of growth ring angle, adhesive system and viscosity on the bonding properties of adhesive bonds, shear tension tests according to DIN EN 302-1 (2004) were conducted using one-component moisture-curing polyurethane, polyvinylacetate and urea-formaldehyde. Significant differences between the systems could be detected, which were reflected in the predominant failure behaviour for each system. Specimens showing wood failure were influenced mainly by the wood factors, whereas samples which had failed in the adhesive part of the bond differed only in the adhesive properties. The growth ring angle showed the same tendencies as it does in plain wood. Therefore, to gain more information on the adhesive performance in the bond, a loading along the LT plane seems more appropriate for beech wood used in DIN EN 302-1 (2004).     

杨树截冠造林影响林木生长发育的研究

通过对采用截冠和留冠两种类型苗木进行杨树造林后的生长情况调查得知:苗木留冠与截冠对造林成活率没有影响。对林木生长影响较大,留冠苗林分平均树高4.9m,胸径4.8cm,分别比截冠苗木林分平均树高、胸径大1.8m和0.6cm,且留冠苗林相整齐、林木长势良好。