Influence of phosphate-buffered sucrose solution on early graft function in feline renal autotransplantation

Graft perfusion with cold heparinized saline has known to induce ischemia and reperfusion injury in feline kidney transplantation. In this study, the effects of phosphate-buffered sucrose solution and heparinized saline solution on early kidney graft function were compared in feline kidney autotransplantation. Perfusion of grafts with or without hypothermic storage with chilled phosphate-buffered sucrose solution prevented ischemia and reperfusion injury despite a very short ischemic time. The results of our study suggest that phosphate-buffered sucrose perfusion and storage solution should be effective to reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury despite a very short ischemic time in feline kidney transplantation.     

剑麻纤维接枝丙烯酸吸水树脂的研究

以剑麻纤维为骨架,以一定中和度的丙烯酸和少量丙烯酰胺为单体,采用硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3)和过硫酸盐为引发体系,通过接枝反应制备纤维素基吸水树脂.考察引发体系及条件对制备吸水树脂的影响,探索单体配比、交联剂浓度对吸水树脂的吸水能力、吸水速率、保水性能和反复吸水性能的影响.结果表明:在硫代硫酸钠和过硫酸盐组成氧化还原引发体系中,采用过硫酸钾和过硫酸铵两种氧化剂组成的引发体系,在引发剑麻纤维接枝丙烯酸单体的反应中起到协同效应;有效地将过硫酸盐引发接枝反应的温度由常用的55～80℃降至30～50℃,同时,达到较高的接枝率和单体转化率.交联剂的用量、丙烯酰胺(AM)的用量和丙烯酸(AA)的用量对吸水倍率和吸盐水倍率有显著的影响.吸水树脂的最大吸水倍率为530 g/g,最大吸盐水倍率为58 g/g,吸水速率为8 g(g·min),树脂具有良好的保水性和热稳定性.FTIR分析结果表明,吸水树脂是纤维素和丙烯酸的接枝共聚物.TGA分析结果表明,吸水树脂比剑麻纤维热稳定性好.     

涝胁迫对豫楸1号4种砧木嫁接苗渗透调节物质的影响

通过对涝渍胁迫条件下豫楸1号4种砧木嫁接苗渗透调节物质（Pro、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白）活性的测定,结果表明：在持续涝渍胁迫下,3种渗透调节物质的变化趋势基本一致,整体变化趋势为先上升后下降,只是峰值出现的时间有差异。     

嫁接换冠改良栗园技术初探

通过换冠改良技术，板栗幼树生长很快，丰产稳产且性能很好。大部分植株第2年挂果，第3年便能丰产，且产量稳定，其经济效益是非常显著的。     

杉木木粉羧甲基化产物及其高吸水树脂特性的研究

研究了杉木(Cunninghamia laceolata)木粉不同粒度对羧甲基取代度及丙烯酸接枝高吸水树脂吸水率的影响规律。结果表明,100目和200目木粉与40目木粉X射线衍射峰没有区别,表明100目和200目木粉纤维结晶没有被破坏,木粉粒度对羧甲基取代度的影响不大;100目和200目木粉直接接枝丙烯酸聚合物吸水倍率明显降低,表明木粉颗粒逐渐变小,木粉原有的空间结构被破坏,不足以形成网络结构;红外光谱分析表明,杉木木粉羧甲基化后,纤维素和半纤维素中引进了大量的羧甲基,且保留了木质素特征峰,但在丙烯酸接枝的高吸水树脂中木质素吸收特征峰不存在,说明过硫酸钾引发剂产生的自由基优先与木质素苯环反应,使木质素苯环开裂,导致木质素苯环的吸收特征峰消失。     

平欧杂种榛低产园嫁接改造技术

为探讨平欧杂种榛低产园改造技术,采用劈接的方法进行品种改良试验,结果表明,嫁接高度为40～50 cm时,各品种(系)嫁接成活率最高;1-21(品系)、辽榛3号在嫁接后的生长量、抗寒性、果实产量等综合性状超过其他品种(系),可以作为低产榛园嫁接改优的最佳品种(系);嫁接后结果第2年应该加强树体的水肥管理,提高树势。     

ATRP法制备纤维素-油脂-糠醛热塑性弹性体及性能表征

通过"从主链接枝"原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法,采用分步聚合策略,成功制备了一种乙基纤维素接枝嵌段共聚物乙基纤维素-g-甲基丙烯酸月桂酯-b-甲基丙烯酸四氢糠基酯(EC-g-P(LMA-b-THFMA))。对聚合物的热力学性能研究发现:共聚物中存在两个热转变,分别发生在-35℃和49～56℃时,表明该共聚物存在微相分离;机械性能分析表明该共聚物具有优异的热塑性弹性体行为,伸长率为89%～147%,拉伸强度为1.7～9.5 MPa。循环拉伸机械性能研究表明EC-g-P(LMA-b-THFMA200)的弹性恢复系数高达92%以上。乙基纤维素接枝共聚物的机械性能具有明显的增强作用,较线性聚合物P(LMA-b-THFMA)的机械强度提高了1.36倍。     

干旱、半干旱地区异砧红松嫁接技术研究

试验分析了砧木选择、嫁接时间、嫁接方法等因子对干旱、半干旱地区异砧红松嫁接成活率和生长的影响。结果表明:樟子松、油松、赤松均可作为砧木嫁接红松。采用单芽接穗好于多芽接穗;适时早接有利于接穗木质化程度的提高;正交试验结果显示最佳处理组合为A1B1C1,即砧木为樟子松、4月中旬嫁接、芽端楔接法的组合,成活率达到90%以上。     

马尾松高产脂种子园嫁接技术

以广西藤县马尾松高产脂种子园为研究对象,对嫁接成活率及生长量的影响因子进行研究。结果表明:①嫁接人员的技术熟练程度和采穗母树的年龄是决定嫁接成活率和生长量的关键。②嫁接宜采用穗条全包保湿的方法,坡向对嫁接成活率影响不大。③无性系嫁接成活率及生长量与采穗母树的年龄呈极显著负相关,而与产脂力呈正相关,但与无性系母树来源地、母树年龄和大小没有相关性。④无性系生长量和其内部变异系数皆较大,且与无性系相关。     

Rootstock effects in grafted conifers: A review

The literature on rootstock effects (on scions) in conifers was reviewed, specifically: graft success, compatibility, size, reproduction, phenology, crown and needle characters, mineral contents, organic compounds, water relations, disease resistance and wood properties. Scions usually had higher graft success and less incompatibility on more closely related rootstocks although there were exceptions. Even intergeneric grafts have succeeded on occasion. Although there were marked rootstock effects on growth and reproduction, the effects did not follow a pattern with increasing relationship. It is also likely that some crown characters and the nutrient content of scions can be manipulated by the use of rootstocks. For many characters, a specific rootstock may give a desired result only for a limited number of scion types (species, cultivars or clones). With some exceptions, the review shows that the subject has not been comprehensively studied. Many of the studies were either short-term, inadequately replicated, or poorly designed to allow firm conclusions about rootstock effects. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms, which cause the changes seen in morphology, are not well understood. Further research and more comprehensive study of rootstock effects on scion biology are recommended.