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61.
    
To explore the physiological and biochemical mechanism of the occurrence of vitrified shoots of Populus suaveolens in tissue culture, the changes in water, chlorphyll, lignin, H2O2, phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), malonaldehyde (MDA), protective enzymatic systems, and some key enzymes involved in the ascorbate- glutathione cycle were comparatively studied in both normal and vitrified shoots of P. suaveolens. The results show that the lower activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR) and PAL, and the less contents of chlorphyll, lignin, ascorbate (ASA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the lower ratios of ASA / DHA and GSH / GSSG are observed in vitrified shoots than in normal ones during the whole culture period. While in comparison with normal shoots, the higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the more concentrations of water, H2O2, MDA, dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) are found in vitrified shoots. Statistical analysis indicates that the enhanced activity of SOD and the decreased activities of CAT and POD as well as some enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle might be closely correlated to the accumulation of H2O2. The less regeneration of ASA and GSH and the lower capacity of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle observed in vitrified shoots might be due to a significant decrease in APX, MDAR, DHAR and GR activities and a decline in redox status of ASA and GSH. The decreases in chlorphyll content might result in a decline in photosynthesis. The lower activities of POD and PAL could result in the decrease of lignin synthesis and cell wall ligination, which might be the key factor leading to the increase in water content. It is concluded that the deficiency of detoxification capacity caused by the lower capacity of the ascorbate-glutathione pathway and the decreased activity of protective enzymatic system might lead to the large accumulation of H2O2 and the enhancement of membrane lipid peroxidation, which might be the main cause leading to the occurrence of vitrifying shoots of P. suaveolens in tissue culture. [Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30271093) and the Foundation of State-designated Base for Biology Researching and Teaching in Beijing Forestry University]  相似文献   
62.
在广西宁明县以马尾松和桉树为例,对比分析野外实测与利用1∶10 000比例尺DEM推算的地形因子所建不同树种生产力模型的精度,探讨了高分辨率DEM在森林生产力估算中的作用.结果认为:①基于1∶10 000比例尺DEM推算的地形因子可代替实测数据进行森林生产力建模,其精度满足估算要求;②仅利用立地条件不能进行马尾松生产力建模,但却能建立桉树模型.对两树种而言,均是用树龄与立地条件共同建立的模型更优.  相似文献   
63.
会计确认与会计计量是为了实现向会计信息使用者提供决策有用的会计信息而必须解决的两个密切相关的重要问题。本文在对会计确认和会计计量进行了简要介绍的基础上,重点论证了森林资源资产这一特殊的资源性资产的确认和计量问题,认为森林资源资产的确认包括初次确认和再次确认两个层次,而森林资源资产的计量则涉及计量单位和计量基础的选择及计量模式的确定这三个紧密相关的问题。  相似文献   
64.
    
Physiological indices related to PS Ⅱ photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and membrane lipid peroxidation were measured in leaves of indica rice cv Shanyou 63 and japonica rice 9516 at different temperatures and light intensities for four days. No obvious changes in Fv/Fm and MDA were observed in both indica and japonica rice at moderate temperature and medium PFD,implying neither photoinhibition nor photooxidation happened in these cases. In indica rice either at medium temperature with higher PFD or at lower temperature with medium PFD Fv/Fm dropped obviously with no changes in MDA contents, and photoinhibition appeared while photooxidation did not occur. However, D1 protein, Fv/Fm, (A Z)/(A Z V), and SOD activities dropped, and O2 -. production and MDA content increased accordingly, as well as both photoinhibition and photooxidation appeared in two rice varieties at lower temperature and higher PFD. Experiment with inhibitors at lower temperature and higher PFD showed that as compared with japonica rice the decrements appeared in D1 protein contents, SOD activities, and (A Z)/(A Z V) ratios, the xanthophyll cycle and non-photochemical quench (qN) were inhibited in a more degree, as well as increments of MDA content were greater, thus exhibiting more distinct photoinhibition and photooxidation in indica rice. It is suggested that Fv/Fm and membrane lipid peroxidation product-MDA were the key indices to predict and diagnose photooxidation.  相似文献   
65.
制度变迁理论在天然林保护工程中的运用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
天然林保护工程是在政府推动下实施的 ,属于强制性制度变迁。本文分析了这项制度变迁所遇到的阻力 ,为了使大然林保护工程能够顺利实施 ,笔者提出了减少阻力的对策  相似文献   
66.
    
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer death in men, and its treatment is commonly associated with severe adverse effects. Thus, new treatment modalities are required. In this context, natural compounds have been widely explored for their anti-PCa properties. Aquatic organisms contain numerous potential medications. Anticancer peptides are less toxic to normal cells and provide an efficacious treatment approach via multiple mechanisms, including altered cell viability, apoptosis, cell migration/invasion, suppression of angiogenesis and microtubule balance disturbances. This review sheds light on marine peptides as efficacious and safe therapeutic agents for PCa.  相似文献   
67.
李海防 《林业研究》2010,21(3):301-310
CH4是重要的温室气体之一,其主要排放源是森林土壤。本研究采用静态箱法对华南地区尾叶桉林(Eucalyptusurophylla)(B1),厚荚相思林(Acacia crassicarpa)(B2),10个树种的混交林(B3)和30个树种的混交林(B4)4种林型土壤CH4通量进行了原位测定,研究剔除林下灌草和添加翅荚决明(Cassia alata)对土壤CH4通量的影响。4个处理包括:(1)剔除林下灌草并添加翅荚决明(UR+CA);(2)仅剔除林下灌草(UR);(3)仅添加翅荚决明(CA);(4)对照(CK)。研究结果表明:林型变化对土壤CH4通量有重要影响,B1和B2表现为CH4的汇,而B3和B4为CH4的源,剔除林下灌草能改善土壤微生物活性,加快土壤矿化速度,促进CH4的吸收;而林下添加翅荚决明,由于翅荚决明根系的固氮作用,能加快土壤CH4的排放,表层土壤温度和湿度与土壤CH4通量具有强相关性;土壤有机碳(SOC)和可溶性N也是影响CH4通量的重要因子。本研究对探寻人工林管理措施对土壤CH4捧放影响机制具有重要的意义。  相似文献   
68.
帽儿山虚拟林相的构建   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
应用帽称山林场1999年的遥感调查结果建立了DEM(Digital Elevation Model)、优势树种的分布图以及虚拟林相。其目的在于建立一种信息载体,将森林资源信息更形象、直观、动态地反映给使用者,使其既有亲临其境的感觉又能方便、快捷地查询各种信息。帽儿山虚拟林相建立的结果表明,森林资源信息也可以在微型计算机上表达和处理。  相似文献   
69.
根据1976年播后出苗率和成苗率调查,1987--1990年油松毛虫灾害对油松林分的影响,及1991年和2003年丁营飞播区森林资源清查资料,通过调查数据对比分析,丁营飞播区播后林分变化规律,符合近自然林业发展规律。面向整个丁营飞播区生态系统,依据近自然林业经营理念,研究丁营飞播区经营管理措施,实现林业经营目标的最大化。  相似文献   
70.
长白山自然保护区的林火特点及防火工作对策   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
长白山自然保护区在森林生态系统研究、生物多样性保护与研究、水资源保护、人文历史与旅游等诸方面都有其独特的不可替代的价值。本文对保护区的林火特点进行了分析,并根据近年来火警呈上升趋势的实际情况,探讨了保护区的防火工作对策。  相似文献   
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