我国水稻白叶枯病菌致病力分化研究

综述了我国水稻白叶枯病菌致病力分化及其致病基因和致病机制的研究进展 ,查明稻白叶枯病菌致病力分化状况是进行水稻抗白叶枯病育种及其抗性品种利用的基础。     

金边瑞香花芽形态分化研究

 金边瑞香花芽由顶芽发育而成，花芽分化包括花序分化和小花分化两个过程，分为未分化、开始分化、花序原基分化、小花原基分化、花瓣分化、雄蕊分化和雌蕊分化7个时期，分化的顺序是向心的；分化的临界期为5月中旬，分化时期长达7个月，花芽分化既持续又表现出两个分化高峰，还受温度等因素的影响。     

不同光湿环境对葡萄花芽分化和叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性的影响

以欧亚种葡萄美人指(Vitisviniferacv.ManicureFinger)为试材,正常光湿为对照,采用正常光偏高湿、偏弱光正常湿度、偏弱光高湿、偏弱光临界高湿、临界弱光偏高湿和临界弱光临界高湿6种处理。试验表明:单一偏弱光处理,葡萄叶片叶绿素含量上升,其余处理叶绿素含量下降;6种处理叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性都低于对照,叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性与光照和湿度有关;正常光偏高湿和偏弱光正常湿度部分芽能分化花原基,但在偏弱光高湿或偏弱光临界高湿花芽分化质量严重下降,临界弱光偏高湿和临界弱光临界高湿几乎未发现花原基;单一的弱光因子比单一的高湿因子对叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性和花芽形态分化影响更大,但弱光与高湿同时存在比单一弱光或高湿因子作用于葡萄时,叶绿体类囊体膜磷酸酯酶活性下降更为显著,花芽更难以形成。     

脾虚仔猪口服左旋氧氟沙星的"辨证药动学"研究

15头健康仔猪，分3组，每组5头：即健康组、脾虚组和四君子汤反证组。按20mg／kg的剂量内服进行左旋氧氟沙星的辨证药动学研究。高效液相色谱法测定血浆中药物浓度，3p97药代动力学程序处理药时数据。健康组和脾虚组药动学数据符合一级吸收一室模型，四君子汤反证组药动学数据符合一级吸收二室模型。试验结果表明：仔猪脾虚状态下明显影响左旋氧氟沙星内服给药的药动学特征(PK)；四君子汤可使脾虚仔猪异常的左旋氧氟沙星的药动学特征得到恢复，为验证“辨证药动学”假说和完善中西兽医结合提供了进一步的科学依据。     

不同配方保鲜液对康乃馨鲜切花保鲜效果的影响

为提高康乃馨鲜切花的保鲜效果,以鲜切花康乃馨马斯特(Dianthus caryophyllus L.Master)为试材,以乙醇、蔗糖、8-羟基喹啉、硝酸钙的不同混合液为保鲜液,测定不同保鲜液处理对马斯特相关指标的影响。结果表明:不同保鲜液处理在增大花径、保持鲜切花水分平衡、延缓花瓣膜透性增加、抑制鲜切花体内膜脂过氧化等方面均优于对照;其中保鲜液采用3%乙醇+3%蔗糖+200mg·L~(-1) 8-羟基喹啉+200mg·L~(-1)硝酸钙处理效果最好,相比对照能够延缓衰老进程、提高观赏价值,可以作为康乃馨鲜切花的理想保鲜液进行使用。     

不同沙丘下梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)主根周围土壤特征的差异性研究

为探明沙漠建群种植物个体周围土壤养分和盐分空间分布及成因,对艾比湖湖区边缘三种类型沙丘下梭梭主根周围土壤含水量,电导率,全量养分和速效养分的变化进行了研究。结果表明:1固定性沙丘在表层(0~10 cm)处土壤含水量最小,流动性沙丘和半固定性沙丘在浅层(10~20 cm)处最小,以距离主根面3m处表现最为显著(P0.05)。2流动性沙丘和半固定性沙丘土壤有机质和全氮的结构性和空间自相关性均较弱,固定性沙丘养分(全量养分、速效养分)的结构性则较好。3三种沙丘土壤养分的空间分布不均,主要以条状和斑块状分布,整体上呈现出一定的集聚趋势,其中流动性沙丘和固定性沙丘集聚范围在0~2 m圈层,但纵向集聚范围中,流动性沙丘以浅层(10~20 cm),固定性沙丘以较深层(20~40cm)出现集聚,形成"肥岛"。4流动性沙丘土壤电导率对沙丘的影响较其他各特征因子占主导地位,半固定性沙丘和固定性沙丘养分因子占主导地位。     

内蒙古桦木沟林场不同地貌野生花卉资源分布

内蒙古桦木沟林场地形地貌类型广泛,野花资源丰富,尚未得到有效开发。为了解野生花卉资源习性和生物学特征,开发利用野花资源,在路径调查的基础上,采用典型样地调查法,调查分析了其野花资源分布。共调查野花资源177种,隶属于40科129属,菊科、豆科、毛茛科等种类和种群数量较丰富。不同地貌Margalef丰富度指数1.35~8.28,Shannon-Wiener指数变异范围1.42~2.59,Simpson指数为0.59~0.96,湿地草甸、疏林草地物种多样性丰富,沙地多样性最低。湿度、光照等是影响野花多样性分布的重要因素。林场分布着丰富而有较大开发价值的喜光、耐荫、耐涝、喜湿、耐旱等不同生态型野生花卉。部分野生花卉资源濒危,亟需保护。     

Components of Flower Pigments in Petals of Lily

This paper carried on a preliminary study on pigment composition of lilies of different colors by means of specific color reactions and UV-visible spectra.The results showed that the colors of lilies were usually caused by the combined action of several pigments;yellow and orange lilies mainly contained the flavonoids and carotenoids;pink lilies mainly contained flavonoids and anthocyanins,and white lilies contained small amount of flavonoids.     

异花玉兰的冬态特征观测

对异花玉兰的冬芽种类、拟花蕾、分枝习性及成枝规律等因子进行了观测,并对冬芽和拟花蕾进行解剖,结果表明:1当年生枝上有休眠芽、叶芽和拟花蕾3种;2叶芽与拟花蕾外均包被着3~4层芽鳞状托叶,最外层薄革质,外面密被短柔毛,内层纸质-膜质,外面疏被长柔毛;3分枝习性基本为预生分枝呈单阶无歧生长规律。     

Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Transient Drought During the Reproductive Phase of Brassica rapa

Brassica rapa L. is a genetically diverse parent species of the allotetraploid species, oilseed rape (B. napus) and a potential source of drought tolerance for B. napus. We examined the effect of a 13‐day drought stress period during the early reproductive phase, relative to a well‐watered (WW) control, on subsequent growth and development in nine accessions of B. rapa and one accession of Brassica juncea selected for their wide morphological and genetic diversity. We measured leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, water use, and leaf and bud temperatures during the stress period and aboveground dry weight of total biomass at maturity. Dry weight of seeds and reproductive tissue were not useful measures of drought tolerance due to self‐incompatibility in B. rapa. The relative total biomass (used as the measure of drought tolerance in this study) of the 10 accessions exposed to drought stress ranged from 47 % to 117 % of the WW treatment and was negatively correlated with leaf‐to‐air and bud‐to‐air temperature difference when averaged across the 13‐day stress period. Two wild‐type (B. rapa ssp. sylvestris) accessions had higher relative total and non‐reproductive biomass at maturity and cooler leaves and buds than other types. We conclude that considerable genotypic variation for drought tolerance exists in B. rapa and cooler leaves and buds during a transient drought stress in the early reproductive phase may be a useful screening tool for drought tolerance.