丰产、优质、抗病油用亚麻品种“轮选一号”的选育

利用亚麻显性雄性核不育基因,通过多亲本杂交和互交,组建原始基础群,对不育株进行抗枯萎病抗性的轮回选择,以改良群体,从而培育出了以抗枯萎病为主、兼抗立枯病,丰产、优质的油用亚麻品种——轮选一号,为油用亚麻抗枯萎病育种开辟了一条新的有效途径。     

油料作物油脂合成调控研究进展

植物油脂不仅是人类可食用油的主要来源,也是人类生产生活中重要的可再生原料.本文概述了植物油脂的生物合成途径,从母体效应、QTL、GWAS等多个方面总结了油料作物油脂合成的遗传学研究进展,同时探讨了已知的油脂合成调控相关基因的功能.本文综述了该领域的研究现状,为深入了解油料作物油脂合成调控网络提供了参考,也为油料作物的分...     

Agronomic Practices Influence Maize Grain Quality

Abstract

Maize grain yields have increased dramatically over the past fifty years, and concurrently end-uses have proliferated requiring special quality characteristics. Plant breeders have developed many specialty types of maize, all of which are influenced by the agronomic practices used to produce the crop. Grain yield increases have resulted in lower protein concentration except when the yield increase resulted from nitrogen fertilizer application. Irrigation improves the biological value of protein, while higher nitrogen application rates alter the amino acid balance thereby reducing the nutritional value. Kernel breakage susceptibility and kernel density increase with higher nitrogen fertilizer application rates, and are reduced by irrigation. Extractable starch and oil concentration are largely influenced by hybrid choice, but small production practice effects have been documented. Essential mineral nutrient levels are often influenced by soil or foliar fertilizer application. The production of aflatoxin can be reduced by irrigation or other strategies to avoid water stress during grain fill. Although genetics usually exerts the largest effect on maize grain quality, agronomic practices are also important.     

海南油茶丰产栽培技术

为促进海南油茶产业的健康发展,结合长期实践对海南省油茶丰产栽培技术进行归纳总结：品种选择、土壤养分管理和病虫害防治是油茶丰产栽培的3个关键因素,结合海南地区的气候环境条件,抓好以上三方面的工作,同时注意整形修剪、杂草防治、合理间作与实时采收,是营建健康油茶林,实现海南油茶丰产栽培的技术保障。     

蒸发油气回收技术的研究

介绍了几种常见的油气分离回收方法及该项目研究的同状与重点,探讨了油气吸收分离回收技术,指出常压常温吸收法宜作为吸收法的主要研究开发方案,并以适宜油气吸收剂的筛选作为研究的发出点。     

超声波辅助提取苹果籽油工艺研究

通过二次回归正交旋转组合试验探讨了超声波辅助提取苹果籽油的最佳工艺条件，研究了液料比（石油醚体积与苹果籽质量之比）、提取时间、提取温度和超声波频率对苹果籽油提取率的影响。结果表明，当液料比为8，提取时间为35min，提取温度为35℃，超声波频率为60kHz时，苹果籽油提取率最高，可达到23.94％。通过与索氏提取法对比，证明超声波是一种可靠、高效的提取苹果籽油的方法。     

乌鄯线冬季冷热油交替输送运行方案

为保障西部原油管道乌鄯线安全平稳运行,实现节能降耗输送,分析了乌鄯线和阿独乌线外输哈国油物性、沿线油温、地温数据,进而探讨了乌鄯线冬季运行冷热油交替输送的可行性。研究结果表明：长输原油管道冬季低输量运行,其进站油温差距不大并与地温的变化趋势一致,沿线地温为冬季冷热油交替输送的重要参数;采用冷热油交替输送工艺,哈国油常温输送对北疆油物性影响不大;乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送,节约燃料天然气约51.6%,节能降耗效果明显,说明乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送具有可行性。     

蓖麻种子含油量与主要数量性状的相关及通径分析

以19个蓖麻品种为材料,对蓖麻种子含油量与主要数量性状进行相关及通径分析.结果表明:含油量除与生育期呈显著负相关外,与其它主要农艺性状间相关均不显著,而与籽粒自身的性状之间有着显著的相关,其中容重对籽粒含油量的直接通径系数最大,应在亲本选配和后代选择过程中作为一个主要因素考虑.在提高产量的同时注重选择籽粒容重大、籽粒短、生育期适中的类型对提高含油量有积极的作用.     

鱼油的提取与精制技术探讨

利用水产加工下脚料提取鱼油并进行精制.探讨了湿法工艺提取鱼油和精炼的工艺,比较了不同脱酸工艺对产品质量的影响,介绍了白土脱色和活性碳脱色工艺条件,并对冬化和脱臭工艺进行了研究.     

EFFICACY OF GYPSUM AND MAGNESIUM SULFATE AS SOURCES OF SULFUR TO RAPESEED IN LATERITIC SOILS

A field experiment conducted on rapeseed (Brassica juncea L.) during 2005–2006 in a typical lateritic soil (Alfisol) of West Bengal, India revealed that sources of sulfur viz. gypsum and magnesium sulfate and levels of sulfur (0, 20, 40, 60 kg S ha^?1) have significant influence on grain yield, total biological yield, sulfur concentration in grain and stover, total sulfur uptake, oil content and oil yield and chlorophyll content. The maximum grain yield (18.28 q ha^?1) and oil yield (8.59 q ha^?1) was obtained with magnesium sulfate followed by gypsum yielded the grain yield of 17.99 q ha^?1 and oil yield of 8.22 q ha^?1 at 40 kg S ha^?1. Overall, the best performance was recorded when sulfur was applied at 40 kg S ha^?1 either as magnesium sulfate or gypsum. Results revealed that magnesium sulfate may be considered as the better source of sulfur than gypsum to raise the mustard crop in sulfur deficient acidic red and lateritic soils of West Bengal and if farmers apply either magnesium sulfate or gypsum to soils, the possible deficiency of sulfur and magnesium/calcium in soils and plants can be avoided.