林业家庭承包与双层经营体制的探讨

通过对林业家庭承包与其他方式承包在立法概念、物权性质、条件设置、流转方式等诸方面的比较分析,阐明农村土地家庭承包赋予农民人均一份长期而有保障的完整永久的林地使用权,促进林业、农村经济发展和社会稳定;而其他方式承包是家庭承包的补充,虽承包经营,但承包期内村集体仍始终享有全部收益权和处置权。落实统分结合双层经营体制,家庭承包应占主导地位。并通过调研实例说明,农民专业合作组织克服了小农经济的弊端,是适应现代林业发展的一种统分结合双层经营体制。     

Evolution Analysis About Soybean MIR166 Family

MicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of important regulating non-coding small molecular RNA. The gma-MIR166 gene family consists of 21 members and their expression patterns diversify widely. It is important to analyze the evolution of gma-MIR166 gene family in order to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of miRNAs in soybean. In this study, we implemented soybean wide genome block analysis, the molecular phylogeny of gma-MIR166 and block analysis of gma-MIR166 family. The results showed that both chromosome big segmental duplications and tandem duplications were main reasons contributed to the expanding of gmaMIR166 gene family. These findings suggested that gma-MIR166 gene family might originate from one or two ancient miRNA genes. The results of research provided a support for evolutionary study of miRNAs in soybean and related species in Fabaceae.     

家庭绿化植物种类选择

通过对家庭居室不同空间特点的分析,根据家庭绿化的趋势,从绿化植物材料的适应性、观赏性、生态性和经济性方面探讨了家庭绿化材料的选择,以期为居室绿化提供参考依据。     

不同种源/家系的细叶桉苗期叶脉密度比较

本文以3个种源、14个家系的细叶桉苗木为试验材料，研究了其种源、家系叶脉密度的差异以及各级叶脉密度之间的相关性。结果表明：种源间总叶脉密度和次级叶脉密度的差异极显著，2°主叶脉密度差异不显著，次级叶脉密度与总叶脉密度的比值在88.07%以上；种源地 China Dongmen 家系间的总叶脉密度、次级叶脉密度、2°主叶脉密度之间差异极显著，2°主叶脉密度与次级叶脉密度和总叶脉密度呈极显著负相关，次级叶脉密度与总叶脉密度呈极显著正相关；其他种源内家系间叶脉密度的差异较小。     

基于生态文明价值观的家庭林场发展研究

家庭林场经营模式的优点,除了创新经营管理体制,解放农村生产力,调动广大林农的生产经营积极性,促进林农脱贫致富外,还在于该模式内涵丰富的生态文明价值理念,能够将生态文明价值观在代际间传递延续,指导生产实践,保护生态环境,实现永续发展,这对促进生态文明建设、构建美丽中国具有重大的现实作用和深远的影响意义。本研究在阐明家庭林场内涵丰富的生态文明价值理念的基础上,阐释了发展家庭林场的经济、社会和生态效益,并针对目前家庭林场发展存在的问题提出对策建议。     

Oxidative stress drives divergent evolution of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) gene family in mammals

The molecular basis for adaptations to extreme environments can now be understood by interrogating the ever-increasing number of sequenced genomes. Mammals such as cetaceans, bats, and highland species can protect themselves from oxidative stress, a disruption in the balance of reactive oxygen species, which results in oxidative injury and cell damage. Here, we consider the evolution of the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family of antioxidant enzymes by interrogating publicly available genome data from 70 mammalian species from all major clades. We identified 8 GPX subclasses ubiquitous to all mammalian groups. Mammalian GPX gene families resolved into the GPX4/7/8 and GPX1/2/3/5/6 groups and are characterized by several instances of gene duplication and loss, indicating a dynamic process of gene birth and death in mammals. Seven of the eight GPX subfamilies (all but GPX7) were under positive selection, with the residues under selection located at or close to active sites or at the dimer interface. We also reveal evidence of a correlation between ecological niches (e.g. high oxidative stress) and the divergent selection and gene copy number of GPX subclasses. Notably, a convergent expansion of GPX1 was observed in several independent lineages of mammals under oxidative stress and may be important for avoiding oxidative damage. Collectively, this study suggests that the GPX gene family has shaped the adaption of mammals to stressful environments.     

Study on Length Polymorphism of KAP1 Family Genes in Yak (Bos gurnniens)

This study was aimed to understand the characteristics of length polymorphism with repeat sequence of keratin associated protein 1 (KAP1) family genes in yak. KAP1 family genes of yak and cattle were sequenced, and compared with sheep KAP1 family gene sequences. The results showed that cattle KAP1 family genes were located in chromosome 19, according to location of sheep KAP1 family genes in the chromosome and similarity with cattle KAP1 family genes, renaming the cattle KAP1 family (according to the gene location of chromosome) B2D, B2A, KAP1-1 and B2C genes into KAP1-4, KAP1-1, KAP1-2 and KAP1-3 gene, respectively. KAP1 family genes in the 3'and 5' flank were highly conserved, the difference between family genes mainly in the the repeat sequence region, which yak KAP1 to KAP4 genes were found 30 bp length polymorphism. There were B(CCQTS)A₁(CCQPT) repeat sequence and a new repeat sequence C(SIQTS). The results indicated that the repeat sequence was the key of the polymorphism of KAP1 family genes, which might be relate to combination with keratin protein.     

Research on Mapping Method of Customer Need Information in Product Family Improvement

Aiming at ensuring that product family improvement is based on customer needs while taking full advantage of enterprise history database, firstly, customer needs in the product family improvement are expressed. Then a method of realizing the mapping of customer needs to functional requirements is presented, which is based on quality function development and association rule mining. Finally, an example illustrates the good application of the method.     

面向大规模定制的产品族模糊层次优化研究

基于对目前产品平台设计的研究综述，分析并指出了研究中的不足。介绍了产品平台的概念和特征，探讨了基于公共平台的产品族设计方法。提出了基于主从关联结构的层次优化设计理念，以及实现这一理念的方法和模型框架：并对模型的数学形式、模糊层次优化做了阐述。     

家庭经营条件下农机作业组织模式的选择

文章运用新制度经济学的制度变迁理论，分析了现阶段，在家庭经营的条件下，我国新型农机作业组织产生的原因，并运用交易成本理论对各种农机作业组织形式进行分析比较，指出各种组织形式的优缺点及适用范围，为各地选择适合的农机作业组织形式提供帮助，为在家庭经营条件下实现农业机械化提供道路选择。