The Policy Issues in Lin'an Modei Forest of China

Based on the analysis on policy such as property rights, tax and administration fee, harvesting and circulation of forest products in Lin 'an Modei Forest, some policy issues in the development of Lin 'an Model Forest towards sustainable forest management were raised: (1) The level of timber tax and fee is quite high and there are many kinds of taxes and fees such as fees for forest silviculture, forestry maintenance, forest protection, city construction, town-service, additional fee for education and others, value-added tax, taxfor special products of agriculture andforestry. (2) Coefficient of input and output for Bamboo shoot is 23.8 times than that for timber. (3) Some comments on the policy were changed in the development of modei forest such as compensation on the ecological benefit offorest, adjustment of tax and fees-collection policy for forest products, systematic management on transferring the right of land use, and integrated policy for production, processing and marketing of forest products     

双龙油松良种基地鼢鼠防治技术初探

本文通过对几种防治鼢鼠的方法对比,选择出了目前最适宜良种基地鼢鼠防治的防治方法.     

A financial analysis of a silvopasture system in southern Mississippi

Silvopasture is reemerging as a land use in the southern US. Alternate land use treatments based on field trials for timber and pasture for beef cattle production were financially evaluated. Multiple-use management aspects of these systems were further illustrated by the addition of fee hunting. Land Expectation Values (LEVs) were lower when silvopasture treatments were compared to steer grazing only. However, silvopasture treatments compared favorably to some grazing treatments. LEVs were higher when silvopasture treatments were compared to commercial forest plantation applications on similar sites. Silvopasture systems promote multiple-use management of the land under an environmentally friendly cropping system whereby certain types of wildlife can thrive. This is particularly relevant in light of recent increases in fee hunting in the South. LEVs were reduced by $289, $200, and $151 ha⁻¹ at discount rates of 5%, 7%, and 9% respectively, when fee hunting was excluded in the recommended silvopasture treatment. The monetary value of a wildlife component in this system can be interpreted as the expected value gained per hectare per rotation in perpetuity when fee hunting is part of the management plan. On average, it represented an 8.6% gain in LEVs for this treatment. Results from this study support the potential for silvopasture applications in the South for private landowners. Cattle grazing of improved forage in commercially productive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) stands can relieve annual cash flow problems inherent in tree production. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

浊度法快速测定水产饲料耐水性方法研究

建立了一种快速测定饲料耐水性的方法。由崩解仪加快饲料在水中的溃散,然后用浊度仪测其相对浊度比。试验结果表明:相对浊度比能全面反映饲料的耐水性能,与传统测试方法的相关系数为r=0.9678;测试时间由传统测定所需的7～8h缩短为半小时;检测重现性较好(不同样品测定的变异系数小于5%)。本测试方法快速、操作简便、成本低,适于推广使用。     

美国私有林地的户外游憩

文中首先对户外游憩的兴起和发展做了简要的论述, 然后主要针对私有林地提供户外游憩资源及林地的主要游憩项目进行了分析。美国的私有林主要在南方, 地处亚热带, 不仅是美国最重要的木材生产基地, 对提供户外游憩也起重要作用。最后, 对中国户外游憩资源的开发提出了建议。     

提高大学毕业生就业竞争力的对策研究

高校毕业生就业问题是高等教育发展的关键问题。针对影响毕业生就业竞争力的重要问题,高校应以社会需求为导向,深化高等教育体制改革,加强就业指导机构建设和就业指导,建立科学考核评价体系,提高大学毕业生就业竞争力。     

基于资源环境水价的塔里木河流域农业水价的节水效应

在塔里木河流域农业供水成本水价基础上,基于已有研究的流域水资源费和环境水价模型与相关资料,首先构建了流域基于资源环境水价的未来农业水价;然后,利用流域农业水价和灌水量资料构建了流域农业水价的需求效应模型,分析了未来塔河流域基于资源环境水价的未来农业水价的节水效应,研究结果表明:基于资源环境水价的未来农业水价调整大幅提高了农业水价的节水效应,但环境水价更侧重于实现流域生态用水保障的经济补偿;而且,未来农业水价调整与高效节水技术的结合是促进塔河流域未来农业水价节水效应的关键;尤其是,未来农业水价的需求效应分析事关流域用水户的水价承受力和粮食安全问题,是未来塔河流域农业水价调整需要重点探讨的内容。     

微贮饲料发酵剂及微贮饲料技术

介绿了微贮饲料、青贮饲料及氨化饲料的加工原理及加工方法,并对其特点进行了比较。     

AMT车辆频繁换挡的消除策略

分析了AMT车辆的频繁换挡现象,得出在突然加减油门工况下,引起AMT车辆频繁换挡的直接原因是车速相对于油门突变的滞后.提出了根据油门开度变化率来识别突然加减油门工况,通过设置换挡延迟时间来屏蔽突然加减油门时换挡指令的换挡控制策略,并在装有AMT的某重型载货汽车上进行了试验.试验结果表明,该换挡控制策略不仅能有效消除或减少频繁换挡现象的发生,同时有条件地保留了驾驶员干预换挡功能,满足车辆实际行驶工况的需要,提高了AMT车辆的使用性能.     

A Bivalent Scale for Measuring Crowding Among Deer Hunters

One factor that may influence satisfaction in outdoor recreation is crowding, which historically has been defined as a negative evaluation of the density of other participants. While this definition is suitable for most scenarios, there are circumstances where encounters with others in the area are evaluated positively and thus contribute to the satisfaction of the participant. To adequately describe this phenomenon we suggest a more inclusive measurement of crowding that allows for both positive and negative evaluations of participant density to more accurately explore the relationship between crowding and satisfaction. We identified a sub-group of deer hunters who negatively evaluated the low density of other hunters, which reduced their satisfaction with their overall hunting experience. The methodology for measuring crowding in recreation research may have an important effect in identifying the relationship crowding has with other relevant variables as well as management implications.