基于产品空间理论的中国林业产业升级特征分析

林业产业如何进行转型升级是实现林业现代化与高质量发展中的重要一环。本文基于产品空间理论,使用聚类热图和复杂网络方法,构建1962—2017年中国林业产业产品空间,从产品复杂度和优势林产品变化两个角度分析林业产业升级特征。结果表明,新获得优势林产品复杂度高,为0.31,传统失势林产品较低,为-0.21,表征林业产业已朝附加值更高的有利方向升级,但传统优势林产品复杂度较低,说明林业产业已有优势产品竞争激烈不利于升级。产品复杂度较高的潜在优势林产品是林业机械、机械零件和林化产品,优势林产品在产品空间中的变化存在一定路径依赖,先扩散后收敛于产品空间的中心位置,政府制定的林业产业政策与全球化背景可能促进了优势林产品升级。因此,政府制定产业政策时,应对不同优势类型林产品采取差异化策略,应完善产品复杂度低的传统优势林产品市场退出机制;减少与优势林产品距离较近的潜在优势林产品政策干预,对距离较远的复杂度高的潜在优势林产品使用补贴等方式引导升级。     

城市山地公园森林植物景观优化设计——以浙江省苍南县小方山公园为例

城市山地公园森林植物景观是公园自然景观的重要组成部分.该文以小方山公园植物配置为例,在深入现场调查分析的基础上,提出了景观优化原则,针对不同功能区进行了具体优化设计.     

林科类专业大学生人文素质基本情况的问卷调查

文章调查和分析了林科类专业大学生人文素质的现状,从家庭背景和生活环境、教育观念、人文素质教育质量三个方面分析了学生人文素质较弱的原因,总结了其主要特征,建议高校转变教育观念,重视人文素质教育,加快林业与人文教育的有机结合,加强人文素质教育硬件和软件建设,提高学生人文素质。     

宁都县林权抵押贷款现状、问题及对策

宁都县林权抵押贷款,是金融企业的一项新业务,对宁都县林业的发展有着极大促进作用,但存在着贷款额度小、贷款周期短、林权评估不太规范等问题.在县林权抵押贷款实践基础上,提出问题和对策建议.     

国外冷杉引种试验研究

自2003年起东峡林场从国外引进了巨冷杉、太平洋冷杉、香脂冷杉、落基山冷杉和科罗拉多冷杉,经过几年的试验,研究结果表明:它们在温棚内均能良好地生长,特别是巨冷杉。大田定植采用雪埋(封)越冬处理,保存率差异明显,其中香脂冷杉保存率最高达80%,而巨冷杉受害率最大,科罗拉多冷杉适应性较强,保存率逐年趋于稳定。     

在社会经济与森林资源因子约束下的我国林业区划研究——基于Kohonen网络聚类

在林业区划理论的指导下，根据林业统计年鉴公布的2009年的相关数据，本文选取社会经济因子与森林资源因子两方面的相关指标进行基于Kohone网络的聚类分析，以探究我国各地区林业产出与森林资源现状及两者之间的相关性。在社会经济与森林资源因子约束下，将全国区划为资源最充沛——林业较发达地区，资源较充沛——林业最发达地区，资源最匮乏——林业发展一般地区和资源较匮乏——林业欠发达地区四个区域。经过分析发现，产值最高的区域其资源不一定是最充沛的，相反，资源最匮乏的区域产值也不一定是最低的，两者之间没有绝对的正相关关系。     

Effect of Peat-based Container Media on Establishment of Scots Pine,Norway Spruce and Silver Birch Seedlings after Transplanting in Contrasting Water Conditions

Abstract

Urban woodlands are the subject of complex decision-making that requires a strategic overview of the resource. This article contributes a national study of municipal woodland in Denmark. Data were collected among all Danish municipalities through a postal survey (with a response rate of 52%). As much as 83% of the woodland units were located within urban settlements or at their fringe, emphasising that municipalities are important urban woodland providers. Municipal woodland resources were typically divided into many separate units of varying size. On average, the responding municipalities owned 12.6 woodland units with an allocated area of 265 ha, resulting in a mean size of 21.5 ha. A general lack of management plans, and a significant drop in recreational facilities provided with decreasing woodland size indicate that the recreational use potential of small woodland units was largely overlooked. Municipal woodland units frequently bordered other woodland or nature areas of different ownership. Thus even small municipal woodlands can play a key role in the development of multifunctional green infrastructures in the urban landscape. Only municipalities with extensive woodland property had issued a woodland policy, and/or certified woodland management. This indicates a need for development of governance and strategic management instruments attractive to municipalities with limited woodland property.     

Willow production related to climatic variations in Southern Sweden

The aim of this study is to quantify the variations of energy forestry production at different locations in south Sweden that can be expected because of variations in climate only. The growth of first‐year shoots of willow (Salix viminalis) is simulated by means of a model based on photosynthesis. The production is examined over a 15‐year period and at 13 different locations. The mean yearly stem production ranged between 10.0 tonnes of dry matter per hectare and year at Helsingborg and 6.5 tonnes per hectare and year at Hagshult. The yearly variation was within ±25 % for sites located in the inland areas while those at the coast generally showed variations within ±15%. On a regional basis, Skåne had the highest mean production with 9.4 tonnes per hectare and year while the production of the Mälardalen region was about 13% lower. The difference in production between Mälardalen and Östergötland was about 2%. A sensitivity analysis showed that the growth response of clones to temperature might be an important selection criterion when aiming at increasing the production.     

林木联合采伐机底盘的研究现状与发展趋势

林木联合采伐机是一种多功能、高自动化、高效率的林木采伐机械,其底盘作为基本组成部分将直接影响林木联合采伐机在林地的作业范围和行驶性能.介绍了目前国外林木联合采伐机底盘的分类、发展现状和未来趋势,为我国开发适合国情的林木联合采伐机底盘提供一定的参考.     

低碳经济视野下森林旅游发展探讨

发展低碳经济已得到政府和社会各界的广泛关注,低碳经济已经成为经济发展的必然趋势。旅游业作为第三产业的重要组成部分,是低碳经济的有机组成部分。从需求意愿、驱动机制、开发模式和评价指标体系几个方面对森林旅游低碳化发展的研究内容进行探讨,以期对森林旅游低碳发展相关研究提供借鉴。