我国农地产权法律制度存在的问题及对策研究

在对我国农地产权法律制度问题进行分析的基础上,建议通过农地产权股权化这一路径弥补农地产权制度的不足。     

农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性及其影响因素分析——基于全国14省1012位农民工的调查

农民工大多受雇于私营企业,形成了农民工与私营企业之间的劳动交易关系。劳动交易公平是保障农民工权益、构建和谐劳动关系的重要基础。实证研究表明,农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性的结构主要由最低劳动标准、所得均衡分配和尊重与自我实现三大要素构成;农民工的个人特征对最低劳动标准、所得分配均衡和尊重与自我实现有显著影响;企业特征对农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平性的影响不明显;劳动合同特征对最低劳动标准有显著影响。要实现农民工与私营企业劳动交易公平,应提高农民工文化技能水平,增强农民工市场议价能力;强化劳动合同监督检查,提高劳动合同签订率;推动集体协商和集体谈判,真正实现劳动合同的契约化。     

商业银行行业风险敞口与商业银行绩效

在无套利框架的基础上,讨论基于个体公平原则下的寿险产品定价问题,即运用倒向随机微分方程理论,将投保人和保险人置于同一系统中进行考虑：首先,根据双方的随机投资决策目标分别建立无套利寿险定价模型和动态资产份额定价模型,得出两个特殊线性倒向随机微分方程的显式解;然后,建立基于个体公平原则的寿险定价模型,从投保人和保险人双方的角度对寿险产品进行公平定价,得出了从供需双方考虑的投资回报定价公式;最后,利用所建立的模型进行案例分析,计算出基于个体公平原则的保费及保险公司的投资策略.该寿险产品定价模型不仅考虑了保险人的意愿,还同时考虑了投保人的实际情况,因此,按此定价理念开发出的保险产品,不仅可以提高产品研发的成功率,而且使得研发出的新产品更能在竞争激烈的保险市场中站稳脚步.     

林板纸一体化的动力、模式与障碍

在对福建省林纸林板企业办原料林基地调查的基础上,运用资产专用性理论及契约理论,从微观行为层次揭示了南方集体林区林纸林板企业40多年来林板纸一体化的动力、模式与障碍等行为机理;得出林纸林板企业林板纸一体化动力的收益最大化机制,分析了企业林板纸一体化历年来主要实施的六种模式的机理及特点,指出阻碍企业实施林板纸一体化的3个深层次原因。     

收入分配政策的新理念：初次分配也要注重公平

从我国收入分配制度的历史演进出发,分析了党的十七大报告提出的初次分配也要注重公平的必要性,并提出了新形势下我国实现初次分配公平的具体建议：树立全方位改善民生的观念;深化收入分配制度改革,增加城乡居民收入;建立规范、公平、合作的劳资关系;正确理清注重公平与效率优先的关系。     

Assessment of spatial equity of urban park distribution from the perspective of supply-demand interactions

Urban parks have been widely recognized for the critical functions they provide in enhancing health and wellbeing. However, parks are known to be inadequately provided and non-uniformly distributed in cities, leading to an increasing interest to examine spatial equity of park distribution. Such studies have mostly focused on the distributional attributes of park supply in determining spatial equity, while the role of residents’ demand is usually ignored or not adequately assessed. In addition, people’s preferences for park use were normally ignored and nearest parks were assumed as supplier of park services. Moreover, even though equity assessment is scale-dependent, few studies adopt a multi-scale assessment. We report on a study to address these gaps. A multi-scale Supply-Demand Equity Index (SDEI) was developed to assess spatial equity of park distribution from the perspective of supply and demand interactions, and data were collected at a fine scale of neighborhood level. Residents’ accessibility to their most often used parks and nearest parks were used to assess and compare supply level; while residents’ perceptions obtained from surveys and population density were used to assess and compare demand level. Results showed that supply measured by accessibility to most often used park more accurately reflects supply, and demand assessment on the basis of perception could reflect variations among different social groups and reveal otherwise hidden patterns of spatial inequity. It was also shown that SDEI could identify areas where mismatch between supply and demand occurs. We demonstrated in a single study that different definitions and approaches of quantifying spatial equity can lead to distinct conclusions, therein highlighting that the complex nature of equity requires nuanced approaches and providing a broader view of equity assessment. In addition, the implications of this study for urban park planning and management were highlighted.     

The relationship between the distribution and use patterns of parks and their spatial accessibility at the city level: A case study from Tehran,Iran

Parks are recognised as important elements of urban green infrastructure and for providing many benefits to city residents. In countries where urban growth is unplanned and sprawling, green space provision falls behind, inadequate amounts are provided or spaces are not located in the most effective places. Tehran, the capital of Iran, has experienced huge growth in population and corresponding sprawl in recent years. There has been no study of the effectiveness of parks as part of the range of green spaces in the city − their location, accessibility within the urban structure, relationship to the socio-demographic character of the population, amount per capita or quality and condition. Using a combination of existing data supplemented by new data from site surveys, this study firstly looked at the citywide scale of public open space in relation to population and socio-economic patterns. Second, a representative sample of 16 parks was examined in terms of their accessibility within the urban street structure using space syntax. The syntactical results were correlated with several different aspects of each park collected and rated on a 1–5 scale. The results showed a wide range of availability of parks with no specific pattern related to whether the district is better off or poor. The data on green space per district was often heavily biased by the presence of large areas of forest park or non-recreational land which gives a false picture.Many of the best parks are poorly integrated into the street network and found in the better off districts yet are very popular because they are “destination” parks in cooler, hilly areas. Poorly integrated parks in the inner city districts tended to show lower levels of maintenance, were often little used and had vandalism. Much more attention is needed to provide green space in an equitable way.     

消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产研究——以“小汤山”蔬菜为例

为了能够完善北京农产品品牌资产的建设、提升和维护,故选择“小汤山”蔬菜作为测试品牌进行实证研究。通过构建品牌资产模型来研究消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产的构成因素和影响,利用Pearson相关系数进行相关性分析,从而得到消费者视角下的北京农产品品牌资产由品牌认知度、区域联想、品牌感知和品牌忠诚4个维度构成,且存在一定相关关系,共同作用、影响着品牌资产。最终研究表明,北京农产品品牌资产的提升,需要其进一步提高品牌知名度,增加品牌的区域联想,加强消费者对农产品的品牌感知,从而让消费者形成品牌忠诚,最终使得农产品品牌资产得到提升,促使企业获得营收。     

农机消费者品牌购买行为现状的实证

随着我国农业与农机工业的不断发展,农机市场竞争日益激烈,农机企业需要从消费者角度对农机购买行为进行分析,以便明确自身定位和提高企业的核心竞争力.为此,以品牌资产引擎模型为基础,根据对消费者问卷调查的结果,总结了国内市场上农机购买和使用现状,并着重分析了国内市场上15主要个农机品牌的品牌资产状况.     

缩小收入分配差距 促进社会和谐

收入分配差距过大会影响社会和谐。要坚持科学发展观,在全面、协调、可持续发展的基础上大力发展社会生产力,进一步调节国民收入分配差距,确保社会和谐稳定和国家的长治久安。