西双版纳热带雨林国家公园试点建设的探讨

在西双版纳热带雨林国家公园试点建设过程中,依托原国家级自然保护区机构和人员,依据现行的法规体系,吸收国际上国家公园建设的先进理念进行了一些卓有成效的实践,但也面临着许多难点和问题.针对西双版纳热带雨林国家公园试点建设实际,分析了国家公园建设中存在的缺乏统一的法规标准,交叉管理、多头管理,社区经济落后,发展困难多,经费投入不足,科学化管理水平不高等难点和问题,提出了相关对策和建议.     

桑蚕雄蛾酒的急性毒性和应激能力的试验

桑蚕雄蛾与药食两用的中药配制成的桑蚕雄蛾酒，经小鼠的急性毒性试验和应激能力（包括缺氧试验、高温试验和游泳试验）试验表明：桑蚕雄蛾酒的安全性极高；应激能力的提高与对照相比，均达到显著水平（Ｐ＜０．０５）     

淮河流域中上游圩区治理分区除涝设计探讨

在淮河流域的干、支流中上游沿岸圩区 ,分区除涝方法是排涝及时、缩短下游淹没时间 ,充分发挥除涝工程效益的方法。分区降涝互不窜排 ,运行简便 ,除低农业生产成本 ,减轻农民负担 ,达到减灾免灾之目的     

葡萄优质抗病育种新的杂交育种方法

植物育种是在遗传变异规律基础上着重研究创造植物新品种的一种生物科学技术。因此,育种方法应通过对最优良、最合理的基因型的生物操作,引起、检测并获得所需基因组合的新的基因型。 一个世纪的葡萄抗病育种实践及我们的研究结果表明:在葡萄属(Vitis)植物中,存在着两大类抗病基因。一大类是存在于圆叶葡萄亚属(Muscadinia)和真葡萄亚属(Euvitis)的北美种群和欧亚种群的野生葡萄种中的主效基因,它们控制的抗病性很明显,容易识别、鉴定,而且多数为多基因性状,表现出高度的持久性;另一大类是存在于全世界广为栽培、品质优良的欧亚种葡萄(V.vinifera)中的微效基因,它们控制的抗病性虽然不明显,但具有累加性,而且可加强主效基因的作用。     

Assessment of a point‐of‐care cardiac troponin I test to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in dogs

Objectives – To (1) determine a reference interval for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a point‐of‐care device in normal dogs and compare the results with those published by the manufacturer and (2) determine if cTnI differs among dogs with cardiogenic and noncardiogenic respiratory distress. Design – Prospective observational study. Setting – Emergency and referral veterinary hospital. Animals – Twenty‐six clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs in respiratory distress. Interventions – All dogs underwent whole blood sampling for cTnI concentrations. Measurements and Results – Normal dogs had a median cTnI concentration of 0.03 ng/mL (range 0–0.11 ng/mL). Thirty‐six dogs were diagnosed with noncardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 0.14 ng/mL (range 0.01–4.31 ng/mL). Thirty‐one dogs were diagnosed with cardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 1.74 ng/mL (range 0.05–17.1 ng/mL). A significant difference between cTnI concentrations in normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress was not detected. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were found between normals versus cardiogenic and cardiogenic versus noncardiogenic respiratory distress groups. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were identified in >10 when compared with the <5 and the 5–10 years of age groups. Receiver operating curve analysis identified cTnI concentrations >1.5 ng/mL as the optimal “cut‐off point” having a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 51.5%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.72. Overall test accuracy was 65%. Conclusions – cTnI concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with cardiogenic respiratory distress versus dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress and normal dogs. A significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic causes of respiratory distress was detected. Although highly sensitive when cTnI concentrations exceed 1.5 ng/mL, the test has low specificity. Assessment of cTnI by the methodology used cannot be recommended as the sole diagnostic modality for evaluating the cause of respiratory distress in dogs.     

Recent progress in conservation of threatened Spanish vascular flora: a critical review

The transfer of legal responsibilities from the Central Government to the Autonomous Communities ended a tradition of paying little attention to endangered Spanish flora. The studies undertaken to implement the European Natura 2000 network, and to prepare regional ‘Red Data Books’ and lists of protected flora offered a much better view of which species were really at risk. As a consequence, a growing number of botanists is now involved in different aspects of conservation biology. The recent publication of a new Spanish Red List of vascular flora has provided the groundwork for the so-called ‘Threatened Flora Atlas’ project, which will update and homogenise the information on 500 taxa at risk. This project will produce a new Spanish Red Book and monitor the status of 40 selected species. The Spanish strategy for plant conservation is discussed, pointing out some deficiencies, such as the neglect of non-vascular taxa, the uneven and sometimes uncoordinated local policies and the uncertain future of some current initiatives.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下武汉市粮食应急管理经验与启示——基于权变理论视角的分析

阐析新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对粮食安全的冲击及其诱发危机的特征,引入权变理论,分析粮食应急管理中的权变思想,构建权变理论下的粮食应急决策模型和应急管理框架.在此基础上,从监测预警机制、应急管理体制、应急保障机制,以及常态化疫情防控机制等体制机制层面探析武汉市粮食应急管理经验.融合权变理论,从管理者的权变素质、应急组织的敏捷...     

山东省首起野生天鹅H5N8高致病性禽流感疫情的紧急调查及处置

2021年1月12—19日,山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区大汶流管理站出现35只死亡的野生疣鼻天鹅.经现场调查,市级和省级实验室检测,诊断为疑似H5N8亚型高致病性禽流感,经国家禽流感参考实验室进行病毒分离鉴定,最终确定为H5N8亚型高致病性禽流感疫情.疫情发生后,通过现场调查、座谈及实验室检测等方式,对此次疫情开展了...