昆虫生长调节剂对东亚飞蝗脑神经分泌细胞影响的研究（Ⅰ）

应用玻璃微电极技术测定结果表明：卡死克对东亚飞蝗脑神经分泌细胞自发性电活动具有明显的抑制作用。处理组４龄若虫饲毒后第４天间脑部位的Ⅱ、Ⅲ类脑神经分泌细胞数量比正常组的减少约７５％，而且细胞放电活动强度平均降低约０．５～１．０ｍｖ．振幅，放电频率平均减少约５～１０次／ｓ。     

一种经济、节能小型稳压器的设计

本设计不用振荡器和变压器,而只用了两个79系列和一个78系列的稳压器,便可将一个直流电压变换输出一个正电压和一个负电压,因此该装置既经济简便,又省电,适用于作为室外工作电源。     

Interpreting Soil Electrical Conductivity and Terrain Attribute Variability with Soil Surveys

Utilizing soil electrical conductivity (EC) measurements and terrain attributes for precision management will require secondary soil information for adequate interpretation. The objective of this study was to determine whether readily available second-order soil surveys were of adequate quality to aid with interpreting soil EC and terrain data. For three locations in Kentucky, USA, first-order soil surveys were created, second-order surveys reports were obtained, elevation was measured and used to calculate terrain attributes (slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature), and bulk soil electrical conductivity was measured. Three analytical methods (an ordinary least squares analysis and two random field analyses), visual map assessment, and examination of least-squares means were used to assess the relationships between soil EC measurements, terrain attributes and first- and second-order soil surveys. The OLS and random field analyses were problematic. However, the ranking of the OLS F-statistics appeared to reflect the general relationship between landscape variables and first-order soil surveys. The landscape variables related particularly well with soil properties that had been impacted by past soil erosion. Unfortunately, however, second-order soil surveys in this study were not created at suitable scales to adequately interpret EC and terrain data regarding erosion history or other attributes. While these surveys may provide some useful information, field measurements, sampling, and observations will likely be required to develop high quality interpretations of soil EC and terrain attribute data.     

论电子媒介背景下儿童文学的阅读价值

2006年9月在中国澳门召开的国际儿童读物联盟(IBBY)第30届大会,其中的议题之一就是“儿童读物与多媒体时代”。电视、电脑等电子媒介的普及,对人们接受知识和信息的方式以及生活方式产生了深刻影响,特别是对儿童的学习方式、游戏方式以及心灵发育、思维养成都产生着不可低估的影响。本文就电子媒介正在影响儿童身心发育的现实状况进行分析,提出重新认识儿童文学之于儿童精神建构的重要性,呼吁重视儿童文学阅读对于儿童心灵成长的精神价值,有针对性地倡导家庭和学校重视儿童文学阅读。     

Field Scale Mapping of Surface Soil Clay Concentration

The surface soil clay concentration is a useful soil property to map soils, interpret soil properties, and guide irrigation, fertilizer, and agricultural chemical applications. The objective of this study was to determine whether surface soil clay concentrations could be predicted from remotely sensed imagery of bare surface soil or from soil electrical conductivity for a 115 ha field located in Crisp County, Georgia. The soil clay concentrations were determined for soil samples taken at 28 field locations. Three different data sources–an aerial color photograph image, two infrared bands from an ATLAS data set, and the electrical conductivity of the surface soil layer were used in the research. Principal components analysis was applied to the color photograph image, whereas the ratio of two infrared bands was applied to the ATLAS data set. Filtering was applied to both resulting images. The distribution of soil electrical conductivity was derived from the measured soil electrical conductivity data by spatial analysis. Statistical relationships between soil clay concentrations and the principal component 3, the ratio of two ATLAS infrared bands, and the soil electrical conductivity were analyzed, and three linear equations were derived with r ² values 0.83, 0.52, and 0.78, respectively. The distribution of the soil clay concentrations was derived based on these three equations. Six levels of soil clay concentrations were classified in these three methods, and the advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The predicted and measured soil clay concentrations, based on additional soil samples from 30 field locations, were compared using linear regression (r ²=0.76, 0.45, and 0.77 for the three methods). The overall accuracy for these methods were 84%, 66%, and 76%, respectively. The principal components method had the highest accuracy in our research, while the result for the depressional areas is the best from the ratio method.     

Response of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to mulching practices under planted greenhouse condition

Mulch is considered a desirable management technology for conserving soil moisture, improving soil temperature and soil quality. This study aimed to investigate soil conditions and hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, fruit yield and quality, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under such practices in greenhouse condition. A field experiment across 3 years was carried out with four types of mulch (without mulch [CK], wheat straw mulch [SM], plastic film mulch [FM], and combined mulch with plastic film and wheat straw [CM]). Mulch could improve soil physical properties regardless of mulch materials. FM and CM treatments improved soil moistures status and soil temperature in comparison to CK control, while SM increased soil water content and decreased soil temperature. Mulch increased leaf net photosynthesis rate (P_N), stomatal conductance to water vapor (gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E), but declined instant water use efficiency (WUEi). No significant effect of mulch application on chlorophyll fluorescence was existent for the entire growth season. Fruit yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) showed some increment under all the mulch conditions. Compared to CK, the yield was enhanced by 82.3%, 65.0%, and 111.5% in 2008; 38.1%, 17.4%, and 46.5% in 2009; and 14.3%, 6.5%, and 19.6% in 2010 under SM, FM, and CM conditions, respectively. Although FM produced better fruit quality than other treatments, CM is the recommended practice for hot pepper cultivation in greenhouse condition due to working well to facilitate soil condition (moisture and temperature), plant growth, and marketable yield.     

一种土壤电导率实时分析仪的试验研究

开发了一种适合我国较小地块应用的便携式土壤电导率实时分析仪,室内性能试验表明,探针在Wenner组态和Schlumberger组态条件下,仪器输出电压与土壤电导率具有一致的变化趋势,特别是在Schlumberger组态某结构下,传感器获得了最高的测量精度.对实验结果进行了非线性回归建模,采用的3个模型分别是幂函数模型、多项式模型和指数模型,模型分析结果显示,幂函数模型具有最优的预测结果,模型测定系数达到0.994.幂函数模型的常数项与传感器结构有关,乘幂项则不随传感器结构参数变化,而受土壤质地、土壤密度等因素的影响.模型还需要通过田间试验进一步验证.     

霍尔效应测量中的系统误差及其处理

本文对霍尔效应测量中的热能流引起的不等位电势误差提出了自己的见解,然后着重研究消除系统误差的方法,并对实验结果进行了评述.     

汽车电器电磁干扰及对策探讨

分析了汽车电器设备产生电磁干扰的原因,从干扰源、干扰耦合通路及敏感设备等方面对干扰进行详细分析。对汽车内电器设备的电磁干扰的抑制措施进行了讨论,结合元器件的选择、电路的设计及工程实际提出了抗干扰对策。     

机电设备安装运行的异常现象及对策

目前,由于国产设备的技术水平和加工水平,与国外的技术设备有较大的差距,关键设备大多引进国外技术设备,其整体及配件价格十分昂贵.为了提高企业经济效益,这就要求机电设备维护人员对设备的一些异常现象,做到分析原因提出解决对策,降低设备故障减少设备维修费用.