不同咸蛋腌制温度对禽流感毒灭活的影响

经人工接种H9亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)的鸭蛋,分别在12℃、22℃和32℃条件下按常规方法腌制于饱和盐水中,同时以置饱和盐水中的禽流感病毒和未经处理禽流感病毒样品作为对照,通过MDCK细胞培养、间接免疫荧光方法定期进行禽流感病毒毒力测定,结果在12℃、22℃和32℃条件下腌制鸭蛋中的禽流感病毒分别于49天、27天和4天失去毒力,置饱和盐水中的禽流感病毒分别在27天、9天和2天失去毒力,而未经处理的禽流感病毒分别在92天、29天和17天失去毒力;不同试验温度条件下,以荧光RT-PCR检测腌制鸭蛋和对照样品中的禽流感病毒,在100天后仍可检出病毒核酸(Ct<30)。以上检测结果表明,在腌制鸭蛋时于常温下置饱和盐水腌制40天以上的传统咸蛋生产工艺,可使禽流感病毒完全失去毒力,腌制的鲜咸蛋携带或传播禽流感病毒的风险极低或不存在风险。     

抗鸡新城疫和传染性法氏囊病二联卵黄抗体的研制及应用

用新城疫疫苗和传染性法氏囊病疫苗免疫健康高产蛋鸡制备抗鸡新城疫和传染性法氏囊病二联卵黄抗体,并在40个规模化肉鸡场做推广应用,结果表明,预防保护率达100%,治愈率为63%~85%。     

蛋重和蛋形指数对黑凤鸡种蛋孵化率的影响

测量了黑凤鸡种蛋的蛋重和蛋形指数，研究蛋重和蛋形指数对黑凤鸡种蛋孵化率的影响。结果表明：黑凤鸡种蛋蛋重在36．8。46．9g，蛋形指数在0．675--0．789孵化率较高。     

家蚕肾形卵的荧光差异显示分析

Liang等建立的mRNA的荧光差异显示法 (flourescentdifferentialdisplay,FDD)具有高效、安全、有用信息多等特点。利用这一方法在mRNA水平上探讨了肾形卵 (ki)与正常卵在初期胚胎阶段的基因表达 ,回收了差异片段 10条 ,并对其差异进行了验证。其中之一的片段序列分析表明为低分子量热激蛋白基因 (smallheatshockgene)。     

酵母菌培养物对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响

270只19周龄的ISABrow母鸡随机分3组处理,每个处理5个重复,研究酵母培养物对产蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响。试验为期16周。酵母培养物在试验中的添加水平分别为0%、0.1%、0.2%。试验中采用的玉米-豆粕型基础日粮中粗蛋白质为16.0%,能量为2800kcal/kg。试验结果表明,饲喂添加0.1%酵母培养物组产蛋鸡的生产性能和每日产蛋量显著提高(P<0.05);各处理组之间的蛋重、饲料摄入和饲料转化率无显著差别;试验组与对照组的蛋壳质量、哈氏单位、蛋黄颜色和蛋黄中脂肪酸含量也无显著差别。     

蛋清粉凝胶性与凝胶稳定性的研究

研究蛋清粉在贮藏期间所成凝胶的质构、持水性以及微观结构的变化。结果显示,蛋清粉的凝胶硬度、弹性、粘结性、持水性分别为346g/cm2、0.905、0.382、52.00%,25℃下贮藏180d后,蛋清粉的凝胶硬度与粘结性较贮藏初期并无显著性变化(P>0.05),而凝胶弹性与持水性与贮藏初期相比差异性显著(P<0.05)。蛋清粉的溶解性随贮藏时间的延长呈下降趋势,但降幅很小,25℃下贮藏180d时与贮藏初期相比无显著性差异(P=0.154)。500倍扫描电镜(SEM)下观察蛋清粉所成凝胶,其结构空隙很大,分布疏松,随贮藏时间的延长无明显变化。研究结果表明,贮藏时间与温度对蛋清粉的溶解性影响很小,而对蛋清粉的凝胶性影响较大,含水量是影响蛋清粉凝胶稳定性的重要因素。     

Effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins on serum biochemical profiles and intestinal bacterial populations in early‐weaned piglets

This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with anti‐E. coli, chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY), may affect early weaned piglet (EWP) intestinal functions and enteric micro‐organisms. One hundred and forty‐eight ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) piglets, weaned at age day 21, were randomly assigned to receive one of three diets for 14 days. Treatment group one (control group) was fed the base diet. Treatment group two (antibiotics group) was fed the base diet which was supplemented with 100 ppm colistin sulphate and 15 ppm enramycin; treatment group three (IgY group) was fed the base diet which was supplemented with 500 mg/kg anti‐E. coli IgY. The study evaluated the effects on EWPs of IgY on growth, serum biochemical, inflammatory profiles and also digestion content intestinal bacterial populations. Results showed no significant difference in diarrhoea rates between IgY‐fed EWPs and antibiotic‐treated EWPs. Serum biochemical analysis showed that EWPs fed an IgY‐containing diet had both lower (p < 0.05) cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein compared to antibiotic‐treated EWPs. Escherichia coli populations measured in IgY‐fed EWP ileal contents, compared to the control group, were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Clostridium and Bifidobacterium populations were unaffected by the IgY treatment. Larger (p < 0.05) Enterococcus populations and lower (p < 0.05) expression levels of heat‐stable enterotoxin b (STb) were observed in IgY‐fed EWP caecal digesta compared to the control group. Enteric Lactobacillus significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in EWPs fed antibiotics while it was unaffected by IgY treatment. Dietary supplementation with anti‐E. coli IgY has the potential to suppress enteric E. coli growth, but not Lactobacillus, Clostridium and Bifidobacterium. This promotes and maintains a healthy EWP intestinal environment. These findings suggest that IgY may be used as an alternative to antibiotics in EWP diets.     

Dietary inclusion of dehydrated bocaiuva pulp increases the antioxidant potential of quail eggs

The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary supplementation of different levels of dehydrated bocaiuva pulp (DBP) on the productive performance of laying quails, and on lipid oxidation, and quality in their eggs. A total of 120 quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% of DBP), five replicates and four birds per experimental unit. To evaluate lipid oxidation, the eggs were collected on five consecutive days at the end of the trial and distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 6 × 5 factorial scheme (eggs from quails fed different levels of DBP × evaluated fresh and after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days). The antioxidant potential of diets was improved (p < 0.05) when the DBP was added estimated as 2,2'‐azinobis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazolin‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging capacity. No effect (p > 0.05) was observed on feed intake, hen‐day egg production and feed conversion (kg/kg and kg/dz). There were no changes (p > 0.05) in the egg weight, Haugh unit, yolk index or eggshell percentage. Although no difference was observed (p > 0.05), when comparing each level with the control, a negative linear effect (p < 0.05) on specific gravity was observed. In addition, only the treatment with 0.5% pulp exhibited lower (p < 0.05) eggshell thickness compared with the control (0%). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis showed that as the dietary pulp level was increased, malondialdehyde content decreased linearly (p < 0.05) in the egg yolks, regardless of the storage period. Inclusion of DBP in the diets had no effect (p > 0.05) on the concentration of conjugated dienes in the eggs. The diets containing DBP showed a potential antioxidant effect, reducing the degree of lipid oxidation in egg yolk. However, no beneficial effects were observed on performance and egg quality.     

家蚕滞育卵浸酸后易溶性蛋白的表达差异分析

探明浸酸解除家蚕卵滞育的关联蛋白,可为改进和提高蚕种的人工孵化技术提供理论依据。以经2.5℃冷藏45 d的家蚕品种"7.湘×9.芙"滞育卵为材料,采用双向凝胶电泳和图像分析技术,比较浸酸与未浸酸蚕卵易溶性蛋白的差异变化。在未浸酸蚕卵的双向电泳图谱中共检测到523个蛋白质斑点,其中特异性蛋白质斑点41个;浸酸卵共检测到526个蛋白质斑点,其中特异性蛋白质斑点44个。浸酸与未浸酸蚕卵能相互匹配的蛋白质斑点有482对,匹配率91.897%。经对比分析,浸酸活化后的蚕卵蛋白出现了一些特异性的蛋白质斑点,或某些蛋白质斑点在含量上出现了差异变化。     

Effects of food enriched with egg yolk hydrolysate (bone peptide) on bone metabolism in orchidectomized dogs

We examined the effects of chicken egg hydrolysate (also known as “bone peptide” or BP) on bone metabolism in 5- to 8-month-old orchidectomized dogs. The bone formation marker serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and the bone resorption marker urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were used as indicators to measure changes in bone metabolism. The following results were observed that Serum BAP was higher in dogs fed BP-enriched food throughout the clinical investigation. Serum BAP was statistically significantly higher in dogs fed BP-enriched food than in dogs fed non-BP-enriched food at 2 months after orchidectomy. This suggests that BP promoted bone formation immediately after orchidectomy.