小白菜小孢子培养胚状体的诱导

21个小白菜品种小孢子培养结果表明:适宜的花蕾长为2.5~3.5mm,花瓣与花药长度比为1/2~3/4;0.05~0.10 mg.L-1的细胞分裂素能促进小孢子胚的发生,高于此浓度的细胞分裂素对小孢子胚的产生有抑制作用,并使小孢子胚向畸形化发展;0.05mg.L-16-BA 0.10 mg.L-1NAA的配比可以明显提高成熟胚的比例。     

长江流域生态修复工程的意义及对策

长江流域幅员辽阔 ,自然条件优越 ,水土保持生态建设已引起全社会各界的高度重视。充分发挥生态的修复能力 ,大面积迅速恢复植被和改善生态系统 ,正是顺应时代要求 ,从根本上解决长江流域水土流失防治步伐缓慢这一重大问题的最为有效途径。长江流域大部分地区雨量充沛 ,气候温和 ,植被类型繁多 ,大部分地区植物可全年生长 ,十分有利于植物的繁衍和生态的自我修复。多年的实践表明 ,发挥生态自我修复能力的主要对策是全面规划 ,采取科学的退耕还林、还草 ,实行封禁治理 ,合理解决好农村燃料、饲料和木材等问题 ,积极营造适应生态修复的外部环境和条件     

杉木与七种阔叶树混交造林效果的初步研究

通过对7种优良乡土阔叶树种与杉木混交林的调查研究,结果表明:杉阔混交林提高了林分蓄积量,促进杉木和阔叶树种成林、成材。混交林中的杉木普遍比杉木纯林生长好,只有杉檫混交林例外。杉木和木兰科观光木、乳源木莲、壳斗科红锥、格氏栲以及樟科的檫树、樟树混交造林,有利于发展珍贵阔叶树种种群规模,具有推广应用前景。处理好种间关系是营造混交林成败的关键。     

果蔬汁加工技术进展

我国是水果和蔬菜生产大国,产量均居世界第一位。发展果蔬汁产业可以提高果蔬的附加值,具有明显的经济和社会效益。近年来,我国果蔬汁的加工技术取得了一定的进步。介绍了近年果蔬汁饮料加工领域的新技术,以及果蔬加工的发展方向。     

基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略

为改变国产生化分析仪器测控软件功能单一的落后状况,针对非生化检测专业的软件开发人员提出了一种基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略。详细地分析了软件总体结构、测试机理和数据库操作方面的策略内容,对于生化数据的处理和分析提出了三种数据处理模型,并设计了其中一种程序流程。     

公路草坪养护管理技术初探

为保证草坪绿化质量 ,延长其寿命 ,结合近年来在公路草坪施工与养护管理中积累的实践经验 ,对公路草坪的种类、生长习性 ,以及草坪建植后的浇水、除杂草、修剪、施肥、病虫害防治等养护管理技术进行了探讨与总结 ,以期为各地公路草坪绿化建设提供借鉴与参考。     

小麦秆锈菌生理小种鉴别寄主及命名方法的演变

为了监测小麦秆锈菌生理小种变化动态及其毒力变异规律,为预防Ug99入侵并开展相应抗源筛选创新提供参考,全面介绍了国内外不同时期小麦秆锈菌生理小种的鉴别寄主及相应的小种命名法的演变情况：(1)Stakman′s标准鉴别寄主与小种命名;(2)Roelfs单基因鉴定法的鉴别寄主与小种命名;(3)中国当前和以后拟采用的小麦秆锈菌小种鉴定的鉴别寄主名称与小种命名。这些介绍将有助于小麦秆锈病研究者与育种学家间的信息交流。     

森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应研究进展

大气氮沉降的不断加剧,改变了土壤理化性质,直接影响植物的生长与发育,间接影响了陆地生态系统碳库,进而可能改变全球气候变化进程。森林是陆地生态系统的主体,因此,弄清氮沉降如何影响森林生态系统碳库,对预测全球气候变化具有重要意义。笔者旨在详细分析氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库输入和输出的影响,阐述氮沉降对森林生态系统凋落物分解、细根周转和土壤呼吸的影响研究进展和作用机制。截至目前,关于氮沉降对于陆地生态系统的影响研究报道较多,且国内外诸多学者也在森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应领域开展了较多试验研究,但多集中于碳输入和输出的总量分析,而对输入和输出各个组分的研究相对较少。笔者综述了国内外有关森林生态系统碳库输入和输出各组分对氮沉降响应的相关研究,为进一步揭示其响应机制和途径提供参考依据。     

Inter- and intraspecific sequence variations of the chloroplast genome in wild and cultivated Raphanus

To assess the differentiation of the chloroplast genome in wild and cultivated species of Raphanus , nucleotide sequence polymorphisms were investigated for approximately 2 kbp ranging from trnL (UAA) to psbG in R. raphanistrum and R. sativus . Eighteen plants of wild species, 10 Japanese wild radish plants ( R. sativus ), and 31 cultivated plants were used for sequence analysis. Intraspecific variations of the chloroplast genome were present both in wild and cultivated Raphanus . All three genes investigated ( trnL , trnF and ndhJ ) contained nucleotide substitutions within the genus. Whereas, larger numbers of mutations were observed in the intergenic regions. Using the detected variations, the 59 radish plants were classified into 11 haplotypes, seven of which were unique to wild species. Among the haplotypes, one type corresponded completely with the Ogura male sterile cytoplasm. All the cultivated radishes belonged to one of four types, of which three were also observed in Japanese wild radish. The haplotypes were classified into four groups by cluster analysis, and the distribution in the dendrogram confirmed that cultivated radish has multiple origins. On the other hand, the seven haplotypes uniquely observed in R. raphanistrum were considered as useful materials to provide genetic diversity of cytoplasm for breeding of cultivated radishes.     

Application of Principal Component Analysis on Workable Competition Evaluation

The effective competition is an effective organizational form of the industry in modem market economy. It is a form accompanied with large - scale production and vigor competition. The analysis of effective competition has been the focus that people have paid close attention to it very much all the time. It is a basis of industrial policy, on the basis of the former research, the aufhors bring out 9 indexes according to the actual situation of our country, then take automobile trade as an example, we analyze the automobile trade with principal component.