水稻籼粳亚种间杂种小穗不孕的细胞学研究

 利用携有广亲和基因的杂种和普通籼粳杂种为材料以揭示籼粳杂种配子体发育特征及其影响小穗不孕的主要因素。结果显示：杂种雌雄配子体均出现不同程度的败育，并均与大小孢子第一次有丝分裂异常有关；杂种的小穗育性主要受胚囊育性、花粉育性及花药开裂特性所控制，后两者通过影响柱头上花粉的萌发量而决定小穗的受精。     

环氧化改性天然橡胶／丁腈橡胶共混物研究

用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热计(DSC)、红外光谱、强力试验机等仪器,对环氧化改性天然橡胶/丁腈胶共混物的形态与性能进行研究,并与未改性的天然橡胶/丁腈胶共混物进行对比。结果表明,天然橡胶分子引入环氧化基团后极性增大,两组分分子间的相互作用力增强,共混物相容性得到明显的改善,从而具有较理想的形态,展现出较好的力学拉伸性能,可望达到使用的要求。     

水稻籼粳亚种特亲和资源利用研究

用贵州高原粳的广亲和特亲和资源矮化后代与两系不育系测配，筛选出基本是特亲和资源后代的组合，证明亚种间特亲和资源有利于亚种间种优势的利用。     

啤酒糟发酵产高蛋白饲料菌种的配伍

以啤酒糟为主要原料,采用多菌种混合固态发酵生产蛋白饲料,并通过菌种的配伍实验对发酵产蛋白饲料菌种的组合进行优化,试验结果表明:挑选的8株菌都能在以啤酒糟为唯一底物的平板上生长,并且菌种最佳组合为固氮菌、白地霉、绿色木霉、啤酒酵母、热带假丝酵母等5株菌,其发酵后的蛋白质含量为31.45%,粗蛋白为39.22%,无机氮转化率为56.42%。     

水稻广亲和基因在RFLP图谱上的初步定位

以02428/Balilla//南京11三交F_1群体为材料,对利用染色体特异的RFLP标记进行水稻广亲和基因的定位作了初步尝试。结果表明:该群体中单株小穗可育率呈双峰分布,高结实株与低结实株之比符合1:1分离规律,说明水稻广亲和性受一对显性核基因控制;所用7个已定位于第6染色体的探针中,RG213和RG138在02428与另两个亲本之间表现多态性;广亲和基因与Est-2、RG213、RG138、C基因4个位点间均表现极显著连锁关系,交换值分别为5.9%,7.9%,9.7%和10.3%。广亲和基因在RFLP图上位置的初步确定为进行该基因的精细定位、克隆以及该基因的有效利用奠定了基础。     

计算机系统应用中的可靠性问题

分析了电磁干扰及其对计算机系统干扰的机理、接地处理的重要性。提出了系统应用中必须综合考虑系统的可靠性,防止通过变压器和仪器的共同供电配电系统引入的干扰,提出了为保护系统可靠应用,采取的几种有效的抗干扰措施。     

聚合物分子尺寸大小及其与岩石孔喉尺寸配伍关系的试验研究

为了探索和验证聚合物分子尺寸与岩石孔喉尺寸的配伍关系,以河南油田东部老油区稀油油田为例,应用数学方法、微孔滤膜过滤方法和动态光散射方法,对开展聚合物驱条件下拟使用的聚合物的分子尺寸进行试验测定,得到了双河油田不同渗透率岩石能够匹配的聚合物分子量。     

RAPD Patterns Characteristic for VCGs of Cotton Verticillium Wilt Pathogen, Verticillium dahliae

Nine primers were employed to detect molecular polymorphisms in 103 Verticillium dahliae isolates that represent diverse groups of Vegetative Compatibility (VC). Our results showed that these isolates confer two distinctive RAPD groups (RPGs). RPG1, consists of isolates belonging to vegetative compatibility group Ⅰ (VCG Ⅰ), while RPG2 encompasses VCGⅡ and VCGⅣ. The genetic diversity associated with VCGⅢ was greater than that associated with VCG1. Five RAPD fragments, with frequencies more than 0.96 in VCG Ⅰ but less than 0.1 in VCGⅢ, produced characteristic fragments for VCG Ⅰ (defoliating type), suggesting strong correlation between RPGs and VCGs.     

Symbiotic efficiency and compatibility of native rhizobia in northern Thailand with different soybean cultivars

Symbiotic efficiency and compatibility of 81 isolates of native bradyrhizobia from irrigated areas in northern Thailand with four soybean cultivars and one cowpea cultivar were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Effectiveness and / or compatibility of the tested isolates were compared with those of a standard strain (Bradyrhizobium japonicum CB 1809) by using plants grown on plastic seed bags. Effectiveness of the isolates was also estimated using uninoculated control plants grown in a nitrogen-free solution. Nodulation of a wide range of host plants by the majority of the tested isolates was observed, which agreed well with the results of our previous field experiment (Shutsrirung et al. 2002: Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 48, 491–499). Up to 75% of the tested isolates induced a higher growth efficiency than that of the uninoculated control in association with one of the tested cultivars, Black soybean. Comparision with uninoculated control plants, enable to estimate the proportion of the tested isolates leading to effective growth promotion (E + e) of each cultivar, namely, Black soybean (local Thai cultivar), 75%; Cowpea, 82%; SJ5 (commercial Thai cultivar), 33%; Bragg (US cultivar), 33%; and Improved Pelican (US cultivar), 9%. These results indicated that although isolates with a high infectiveness with both “Asian-type” and “US-type” soybeans could be found, a high frequency of isolates leading to inefficient nodules was observed in the US cultivar, suggesting the presence of genetic differences in the soybean cultivars that express high-preference (efficient nodules) or low-preference (inefficient nodules) for a certain group of tested isolates. Based on the results of this laboratory experiment together with our previous field experiment, native rhizobial populations in the irrigated area of northern Thailand could be separated into three groups; Group 1: rhizobium strains showing a high effectiveness with only Asian cultivars, Group 2: strains showing a high effectiveness with only US origin cultivars, and Group 3: strains showing a high effectiveness with both Asian and US origin cultivars. The majority of the native rhizobial populations belonged to Group 1. The isolates in Group 3 may display a high potential for manipulating useful rhizobial inoculant.