藏羊电刺激采精和人工授精技术

由于藏羊特殊的品种特性,高海拔严寒地区养殖适应性好,养殖成本相对其他类型羊较低,但自然交配情况下,空怀率高,繁殖率低。为克服藏种羊胆小易惊,调教不易,采精困难等不利因素,我们采用电刺激法促使种公羊被动排精,很大程度上降低了采精难度,提高了采精数量,在母羊集中发情季节,优秀种公羊个体可授配母羊500只以上,同时引进药物诱导母羊同期发情等技术进行人工授精,大大提升了藏羊繁殖性能,加速了我县藏羊引种改良进程,提高藏羊养殖经济效益。     

农业大数据信息采集平台建设研究

农业大数据已成为推动农业转型升级,提高生产决策的重要手段.本研究在充分分析农业大数据信息采集平台建设意义与目标的基础上,提出了农业大数据信息采集平台的建设思路以及整体框架,描述了平台采集的信息方式、采集内容方式,并设计了系统的核心功能,试图通过搭建农业大数据信息采集平台,推动农业相关信息资源体系建设,为农业大数据产业发...     

农业网络资源的收集

本文阐述了网络信息资源的收集———一个信息增值的过程。分别论述了收集原则、信息的存在方式与收集方式,并介绍了应用数据挖掘技术,建立农业数据模型等方面的内容。     

高校图书馆文献资源建设的九项原则

我国高校图书馆文献资源建设工作受文献剧增、读者需求扩大、经费短缺等问题困绕,应坚持针对性、特色化、整体性和发展性的基本建设原则,注重成本效益和资源优化配置,以集团购买、共建共享方式,扬长避短建立切实有效的文献资源保障体系。     

从我馆特藏室的作用看高校图书馆建立特藏室的意义

论述了我校建立特藏室的意义。我校1986年建立特藏室,收藏我校师生和校友从建校以来各个历史时期在国内外发表的论文、论著、译文、译著、科研成果以及各种奖章、奖状等珍贵文献。客观地保存前人的光辉业绩,使后人了解我校各个历史时期的学术发展。同时,充分发挥这些珍贵文献资源的情报效益和教育作用,配合学校的“素质教育”,对学生进行学术传统教育、学风教育和巩固专业思想教育,彰扬前辈、鼓舞后学、继承和发扬我校的优秀学术传统,起到重点学科继续保持后继有人的效果,对提高教学质量和科研质量起着十分重要的作用。     

试论农业图书馆信息资源建设

从理论上对信息资源、农业信息资源的概念及其特点进行了探讨,并以此为依据,结合本馆的实际工作,从现实馆藏资源建设、虚拟馆藏资源建设、农业信息资源开发利用等几个方面,提出了农业图书馆信息资源建设的策略。     

335份旱稻核心样品的构建

通过方差分析和多重比较,评价了36种预选核心样品的遗传多样性,筛选出最适于本研究的核心样品构建方法,即25％总体取样量一多样性取样比例一组内聚类取样。并依据此方案构建了总数为84的旱稻核心样品。经2a重复实验,从多样性指数、质量性状、数量性状和群体结构四个方面所选核心样品的代表性进行评价和补充,最终形成总数为86的旱稻核心样品,该核心样品很好地代表了原始群体的质量性状及数量性状变异。为进一步将旱稻资源应用于水稻抗性改良和抗早稻育种打下良好的基础。     

Vavilov wheat accessions provide useful sources of resistance to tan spot (syn. yellow spot) of wheat

Host genetic resistance is the most effective and sustainable means of managing tan spot or yellow spot of wheat. The disease is becoming increasingly problematic due to the adoption of minimum tillage practices, evolution of effector‐mediated pathogenicity, and widespread cultivation of susceptible cultivars from a narrow genetic base. This highlights the importance of broadening the diversity of resistance factors in modern breeding germplasm. This study explored 300 genetically diverse wheat accessions, originally sourced from the N. I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St Petersburg, Russia. The collection was screened for resistance to tan spot at seedling and adult stage under controlled conditions, and in the field across 2 years. The phenotypic datasets, coupled with ToxA bioassay screening, identified a number of accessions with useful sources of resistance. Seedling disease response corresponded well with ToxA sensitivity (r = 0.49, P < 0.000), but not adult responses (r = ?0.02 to ?0.19, P < 0.002), and overall reactions to ToxA appeared to show poor correspondence with disease response at the adult stage. ToxA‐insensitive accessions were generally found resistant across different growth stages (all‐stage resistance, ASR) in all experiments (seedling and adult stage under controlled conditions and field). ToxA‐sensitive accessions that were susceptible at seedling stage, but resistant at both adult‐plant stages, were deemed to carry adult‐plant resistance (APR). This study provides detailed information on the degree of tan spot resistance in the Vavilov wheat collection and discusses strategies to harness these sources to boost the diversity of resistance factors in modern wheat breeding germplasm.     

Genetic diversity in a minicore collection of Cicer accessions using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)

This study was undertaken to establish the relationships among 44 chickpea (Cicer) accessions from a minicore collection including 30 cultivars, seven landraces from C. arietinum and seven accessions from C. reticulatum, C. echinospermum, and C. oxyodon species, all with economically important traits and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, by using six amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations. The reaction products were resolved on MetaPhor agarose gel. A total of 64 clear and reproducible AFLP markers were recorded. Mean of polymorphism information content (PIC) values were calculated for each primer pair which ranged from 0.155 (EcoRI-ACC/MseI-CAG) to 0.270 (EcoRI-ACC/ MseI-CTG) with an average of 0.237. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 90% of the total variance was due to differences within populations and 10% due to differences among populations. The results showed that the studied minicore collection is highly variable and could be used as the fundamental base in chickpea breeding programs.     

棉花诱导长柱头杂交制种及配套技术研究

旨在减少棉花杂交制种用工,提高棉花杂交制种工效,降低棉花杂交种子生产成本。采用GA₃溶液诱导棉花长柱头,不去雄直接授粉;采用小型强磁高速电动机作为动力,研制小型田间快速采粉器,同时研制与采粉器配套使用的简易授粉器。通过多年的研究,研制出一种新的杂交棉制种新方法,即用100 mg/kg浓度的GA₃溶液,处理8~18天母本的幼蕾,每花点滴量150~200 μL,开花当天,不去雄父本花粉直接授予母本伸长的柱头上;研制出与之相配套的棉花快速采粉器和低温贮能式授粉器,操作简便,田间采粉速度快,授粉效率高,生产的杂交种子纯度在95%以上,符合国家良种要求。该研究将稳定的诱导技术与采粉器和授粉器结合应用于棉花杂交制种,可节省大量用工,综合提高制种工效30%以上。