狸獭人工授精的试验研究

对１１只狸獭（Ｍｙｏｃａｓｔｏｒｃｏｙｐｕｓ）用按摩和电刺激相结合的方法人工采精３２只次，成功２７次，成功率８４．４％；射精量为（０．９７±０．１６）ｍＬ，精子密度（７．３４±１．４９）亿／ｍＬ，精子活力０．６５±０．１２，精子畸形率（８．８１±２．５１）％，精液ｐＨ值６．４４±０．１６。对诱排公狸施行输精管结扎术，先后给５只母狸人工输精，每只输精２～３次，在输精后４０～６０ｄ检查，４只受孕，其中有３只顺利产仔，产仔数分别为７只、７只、４只     

电子资源在馆藏建设中的地位和作用

论述了电子资源的特点、在馆藏建设中的功能、作用，以及需要贯彻的原则。     

Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Analysis of Season Effects and Age Effects for Semen Traits in Landrace Boars

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of semen traits of Landrace boars in South China and to analyze the influence of the age and season of semen collection on semen traits, so as to provide theoretical basis for formulating reasonable boar breeding program. The Asreml-R was used to analyze the 107 221 semen data of 1 605 Landrace boars from 2 AI stations in Southern China, the single-trait repeatability animal model was used to estimate the variance components, heritability and repeatability of each semen traits, two-trait repeatability animal model was used to estimate genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation of semen volume, semen density, sperm motility and percentage of abnormal sperm. The general linear model of R language program was used to analyze the influence of age and season of semen collection on semen traits. The results showed that the semen volume and percentage of abnormal sperm had medium heritability (0.23 and 0.38), and the variation coefficient of percentage of abnormal sperm was 85.42%, while the other traits had low heritability (0.07-0.19). Semen volume-semen density and sperm motility-percentage of abnormal sperm had extremely significantly negative genetic correlation(-0.77 and -0.90, respectively). Semen density-sperm motility showed extremely significantly positive genetic correlation (0.50). The influence of the age of semen collection on semen traits was significant(P<0.05). After boars reached sexual maturity, semen volume showed a significant increase, semen density and percentage of abnormal sperm showed a general decrease, and total sperm number and functional sperm number were significantly higher in the 13-18-month of age group than those in the other groups (P<0.05). The semen density was the highest in spring, and the total sperm number and functional sperm number were significantly higher in autumn and winter than those in spring and summer (P<0.05). In conclusion, the semen volume and percentage of abnormal sperm of Landrace boars can be selected as candidate traits. In the boar production management, boar whose semen production after 36 months of age decline, will be considered to update. Boar semen quality was significantly higher in autumn and winter than those in spring and summer. It is suggested that cooling work should be done in advance in Southern China in summer.     

绵羊食道瘘管法和人工模拟法采集的草地牧草营养成分动态的比较研究

高山草原 7、8、10月和 1月放牧绵羊食道瘘管牧草样品和人工模拟采集牧草样品无论在粗蛋白质、粗纤维、粗灰分含量 ,还是干物质消化率方面 ,2种方法所采集牧草营养成分存在较大差异。具体表现为食道瘘管样品粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量高于人工模拟样品 ,二者最大差值分别为 6 .2 2 %和11.18% ,而粗纤维含量则低于人工模拟样品 ,最大差值为 4 .80 % ,2种方法采集牧草干物质消化率食道瘘管样也高于人工模拟样 ,二者最大差值为 7.74 %。试验表明 ,人工模拟法采集牧草样本尤其在本区黄草期 (10月 )不能真正代表放牧绵羊实际食入的牧草营养成分 ,但是在草地枯草期的 1月、二者的差值有减少的趋势。在本区放牧生态研究中牧草采样应以食道瘘管法为首选。     

珍稀树种的种苗繁殖研究

本文对１０种珍稀树种的采种期、采种方法、种子处理、贮藏方法、育苗方法以及幼苗形态特征等进行了较为系统的介绍。     

Usefulness of the Detached Pod Test for Assessment of Cacao Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot

The detached pod test by spray method (DPT-SM) was developed to facilitate the screening of cacao genotypes for resistance to Phytophthora pod rot (PPR) caused by Phytophthora palmivora. The test has been adopted in many cacao research institutes, and it is imperative that its validity be assessed. In this study, 40 genotypes from various cacao groups were selected and screened for resistance to PPR by DPT-SM and field observations. Significant variation was observed in the reactions of the selected accessions based on the disease rating scale for DPT-SM and the percentage pod rot from field observations. A correlation coefficient of 0.68 (P<0.001) was observed between the results of year-1 and year-2 field observations. However, relatively lower correlation values were obtained between year-3 and year-1 (r=0.32; P=0.041) and year-3 and year-2 (r=0.35; P=0.025) field observations. A higher level of susceptibility was observed in the third year of field observations (63%) than in the first (15%) and second (25%) years. This suggests that the predisposing factors for PPR were unstable between the years of field observations. Data obtained from the Trinidad and Tobago Meteorological Services showed that the rainfall in November of the third year was higher than the amounts of rainfall in November of the first 2 years of field observations. This month marks the beginning of the main pod harvest season (November–February) and the high rainfall in November of the third year, and the presence of large number of mature pods may account in part for the increase in PPR in the third year of field observations than in the first 2 years. This shows that absolute reliance could not be placed on a single year of field observations in determining clonal resistance to PPR. A correlation coefficient of 0.59 (P<0.001) was obtained between the result of year-2 field observations and DPT-SM. Relatively lower correlation values were observed between DPT-SM and year-1 (r=0.55; P<0.001) and year-3 (r=0.44; P=0.005) field observations. The result of DPT-SM, however, shows a higher correlation (r=0.66; P<0.001) with the average of years 1–3 field observations. This suggests that a stronger association may exist between the result of DPT-SM and the cumulative data on field observations for a period longer than 3 years. The correlation (r=0.66; P<0.001) observed in this study confirms the usefulness of DPT-SM as an effective method of assessing clonal resistance to PPR and predicting field reaction in the long term. Since field observations are labour intensive and expensive to conduct on a yearly basis, the DPT-SM offers a cheaper and effective means of assessing clonal resistance to PPR. Being a non-destructive inoculation method, the DPT-SM provides a suitable option for cacao collections in genebanks to be assessed. It is also a cost-effective method for use in cacao breeding programmes. Based on its reliability, the DPT-SM has been adopted in the CFC/ICCO/IPGRI cocoa project ‘Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation: A Global Approach’ for the assessment of cacao resistance to PPR in several cocoa producing countries.     

我国农村土地征收制度中存在的问题及对策

在中国农村土地征收过程中存在的主要问题有:超收公益范围征收,不严格执行征收程序,征地补偿不合理。为了强制政府土地征收权的滥用,切实保护被征地农民的利益,应该严格界定和控制公共利益的范围,以合法性、完善土地的征收程序,建立合理的土地征收补偿机制。     

嵌入式森林环境信息采集系统设计

提出基于嵌入式的森林环境信息采集系统。建立森林环境信息采集系统的整体架构,选择基于先进的Cotex-A8架构的OAMP3530为处理核心,集合GPS模块和WCDMA 3G通信模块实现定位和高速无线通讯的功能,设计传感器模块,用于生态环境数据检测。分析了硬件上运行的嵌入式Linux系统的内核,并根据需求进行了裁剪和编译。该系统具有广泛的实际应用前景。     

读者阅读需求及馆藏结构合理性分析

读者的阅读倾向决定着图书馆藏书结构的构成,它是图书馆建设的核心要素。以沈阳工程学院图书馆读者阅读需求为研究对象,对2008—2010两学年的中文图书流通数据进行统计分析,进而从读者需求的角度找出藏书结构存在的不足,分析我院图书馆藏结构的合理性,为图书采购工作提供理论依据。