玉米穗腐病导致产量损失的品种和气候因素分析

1986～1990年的研究结果发现,在玉米穗腐病流行年份,抗病和感病玉米自交系的严量损失分别比常年高21％和35％。在气候因素中,日照时数对发病和产量损失影响较大。同一气候条件下感病系比抗病系产量损失大52％～82％。感病品种因穗腐病造成的玉水产量损失比不利的气候因素更为严重。     

Division of irrigation water in The Fayoum,Egypt

The division of irrigation water in The Fayoum, Egypt, has been measured. Factors influencing this division are discussed: the hydraulic conditions at structures and canals, the operation regime of gates, lack of reliable gauge data for system operation, shortage of labour, and the water level in Lake Qarun. A deviation from uniform supply has been found for the entire Fayoum, but also along a lateral and sub-lateral. The reasons for this are discussed and suggestions for possible technical improvements of The Fayoum system are given.Abbreviations FWSBM Fayoum Water and Salt Balance Model Project - MSL Mean Sea Level at Alexandria - FID Fayoum Irrigation Department - mcm million cubic metres     

阜新县节水农业分区研究

针对阜新县水资源紧缺的现状，在综合分析全县气候、土壤、水资源现状、农业种植制度和经济发展水平等因素的基础上，对阜新县节水型农业分区进行了研究，为确保分区指标的科学性、系统性，采用模糊数学聚类分析方法，探讨节水农业的地域分布规律，进行节水农业分区，以阜新县为例对因地制宜地发展东北半干旱地区的节水农业分区进行有益的探索。     

GIS在农业水土领域的应用与研究进展

介绍了近年来国内外GIS在农业灌溉管理、精确农业和农业区划、土壤利用和土壤侵蚀方面的研究和应用情况，并对GIS在该领域的研究进行归纳和总结，此外探讨了GIS在当前农业领域应用的主要发展方向。     

湖北省林火气候的综合分区研究

本文根据主导因子及综合分区原理,对与我省森林火灾有关的主要气候要素进行单项及综合区划,共得到3级共8个林火气候区,其中,重、中等火灾区各占1/7,轻火灾区占5/7。     

泽山葵的适宜生长环境探讨

初步探讨了泽山葵的生长环境,包括气候环境、地理环境、土质及水环境等4方面,表明泽山葵生长发育的适宜温度为6～20℃,最适宜生长的海拔高度为700～800 m,对地形、土质和水环境的要求较高,研究结果对我国大陆种植泽山葵有一定的指导意义.     

共和盆地近50年水资源的气候变化特征

利用青海省共和盆地2个站点1961-2007年的平均气温及降水量资料,分析了共和盆地水资源的气候变化特征。结果表明:年平均气温整体呈上升趋势,平均以0.38℃/10 a速率上升,气温偏高主要是在冬季,夏季变化幅度不大,1987年气温发生了由低到高的突变。近47 a来共和盆地的年降水量呈微弱的增加趋势,变化倾向率为1.9 mm/10 a。对共和盆地而言,尽管降水和气温都呈增加趋势,但由于降水增长引起的地表水资源的增加不足以抵消气温升高带来的影响,因而将导致可利用降水资源的总体降低趋势。     

气象因子对河南省夏玉米产量与品质的影响

以郑单958、浚单20、登海662三个高产玉米品种为材料,于2007-2008年在河南省4个生态区(豫南、豫中、豫东、豫北)研究了气象因子对河南省夏玉米产量与品质的影响.结果表明:4个生态区的玉米产量表现为豫北＞豫东＞豫中＞豫南,其中豫北玉米2年平均产量为708.5kg/667m2,显著高于其他3个生态区.豫东玉米籽粒...     

黄土丘陵沟壑区地表过程响应单元划分及其地形特征提取

地表过程解析与调控是保障人与自然和谐相处的重要途径,高效、合理地划分地表过程响应单元则是开展地表过程研究的重要前提.针对黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀的地形地貌分异特征,提出在小流域内以沟谷线、山脊线、分水线和沟缘线相互交叠,构成具有相对均一坡向、坡度与坡位的地表过程响应单元,在ArcGIS9.2中,以Hc-DEM为基础数据,通过确定沟谷线、山脊线、分水线和沟缘线的提取方法,以及响应单元平均坡度、整体坡向、面积与周长等地形特征的测算技术,实现地表过程响应单元的快速划分及其地形特征的高效提取.研究结果对促进黄土丘陵沟壑区以土壤侵蚀为代表的地表过程研究具有重要的基础意义.     

Tomato fruit quality as influenced by the interactions between agricultural techniques and harvesting period

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) is an important crop in terms of its economic and nutritional value. Many factors, including cultivar, climate, geography, geochemistry, and agricultural practice, can affect its nutrient concentrations. An HJ‐biplot study was performed to examine the effects of cultivar (Dorothy, Boludo, Dominique, Thomas, and Dunkan), agricultural practices, climatic factors, and their interactions. Significant differences were analyzed using a one‐way ANOVA. All samples were collected and assayed at the same degree of ripeness. In the conventional and organic tomato samples, those harvested from December to April had the highest concentrations of fructose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, protein, Na, and Mg, while those harvested in October had the highest concentrations of lycopene and hydroxycinnamic acid. There were high concentrations of Ca, P, Zn, and Cu in the no‐soil tomatoes. Conventional and organic cultivation practices showed similar results with respect to the collection period, both presenting high organic compound concentrations, while high mineral concentrations seemed to correspond to the no‐soil practice. No clear pattern was observed among the different cultivars, perhaps due to all the samples having been collected at the same degree of ripeness.