EPS364, a Novel Deep-Sea Bacterial Exopolysaccharide,Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth and Adhesion

The prognosis of liver cancer was inferior among tumors. New medicine treatments are urgently needed. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide EPS364 was purified from Vibrio alginolyticus 364, which was isolated from a deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea. Further research showed that EPS364 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, gluconic acid, galactosamine and arabinose with a molar ratio of 5:9:3.4:0.5:0.8. The relative molecular weight of EPS364 was 14.8 kDa. Our results further revealed that EPS364 was a β-linked and phosphorylated polysaccharide. Notably, EPS364 exhibited a significant antitumor activity, with inducing apoptosis, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Huh7.5 liver cancer cells. Proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that EPS364 inhibited cancer cell growth and adhesion via targeting the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that EPS364 is a promising antitumor agent for pharmacotherapy.     

高抗氧化活性lager型啤酒酵母选育

采用过氧化氢刺激lager型啤酒酵母,Tadpoling法筛选细胞活力恢复较快突变菌,根据各菌株线粒体膜电位、胞内氧自由基(ROS)水平筛选获得4株活性较高菌株。比较突变菌与原始菌传代发酵性能、胞内ROS、活力指标及每一代细胞死亡率水平,最终获得一株抗氧化能力提高且活力稳定性较高啤酒酵母菌株。分析验证突变菌线粒体DNA修复相关基因MHR1发现,该基因发生部分碱基突变。     

Effects of Benzyl Adenine and Abscisic Acid on Grain Yield and Yield Components in Triticale and Wheat

Grain yield and yield components (grains per ear, grain weight, 1000-grain weight, ear weight, ear seed ratio and dry matter partitioning between ear and seed) were examined in a wheat genotype (PBW-343) with well-filled grains and a Triticale genotype (DT-46) with poorly filled grains (showing grain shrivelling) grown in pots. Six days after anthesis (DAA), benzyladenine (BA) @2 µg ear⁻¹ and abscisic acid (ABA) @4 µg ear⁻¹ were injected at the base of the mother shoot ear in both species. It was observed that, in both wheat and Triticale , BA increased the grain weight, grain number and partitioning of dry matter between ear and seed, whereas ABA decreased the grain weight, grain number and dry matter partitioning between ear and seed. However, these decreases were slower in Triticale than in wheat. BA treatment increased the grain dry matter accumulation, which in turn resulted in better filling of grains and increased the grain weight in both wheat and Triticale . The average grain weight of Triticale was lower than that of wheat. Thus, it appears that variation in grain weight between wheat and Triticale might be due to different availabilities of growth-promoting phytohormones such as cytokinins and assimilates.     

Spring Barley Responses to Row Spacing and Fungicide Triadimefon in Regions with a Short Crop-growing Season

Aspects of intensive management practices such as high-yielding cultivars, narrow-row spacings and fungicide treatments could potentially increase cereal yields in regions with a short crop-growing season and occasionally dry and hot weather. A field experiment was carried out at McGill University, Canada for three years (1987 to 1989) to test the effects of triadimefon (1-[4-chlorophenoxy]-3,3-dimethyl-1-[1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-2-butanone, or Bayleton, a trade name) fungicide (0 vs. 140 g a.i. ha⁻¹) and row spacing (10 vs. 20 cm) on the yield components, yield and other agronomic traits (spike emergence, days to maturity, leaf disease and plant height) of spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Cadette, Laurier and Leger. A cultivar by row spacing interaction resulted in a 11 to 13.5 % increase in grain yield due to narrow rows for Laurier in two out of the three years and up to 16 % for Leger in one year. Over the three years grain yields were on average increased 6 to 12 % due to use of the narrower row spacing. Fungicide application to barley at the early heading stage effectively controlled leaf diseases without influence on yield components or grain yield. Our results indicate that some components of intensive management such as narrow row spacing can be applicable in regions with a short crop-growing season.     

3种农药的微核效应研究

运用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究3种农药(甲胺磷、甲基硫菌灵和盐酸吗啉胍)在不同浓度下的诱变效应。结果表明,3种农药诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核率与对照组相比均有不同程度的上升(P<0.05或P<0.01),农药浓度与微核率呈剂量-效应关系,盐酸吗啉胍的诱变效应大于其他2种农药。     

狗舌草提取物诱导淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞分化的研究

以单猪屎豆碱（MO）、槲皮素（QU）和环磷酰胺（CY）为参照，观察了狗舌草600mL／L乙醇提取物（EX）对淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞体外试验的形态变化；利用流式细胞术，从DNA分子水平上检查了EX对L1210细胞各周期相的影响，探讨EX对L1210细胞的分化机理。结果发现，EX能够使L1210细胞向淋巴细胞方向发展；经EX作用24h后，L1210细胞G0＋G1期的百分比较对照组明显升高。提示EX对L1210细胞增殖的抑制作用可能是由于G1期的阻滞所致。     

黄鳝消化道的组织学与组织化学研究

用肠卷石蜡法 ,对幼鳝和成鳝的消化道全长作纵切片 ,HE染色显示消化器官组织结构 ,嗜银法显示消化道内分泌细胞。结果显示 ,黄鳝消化道为一直形管道 ,主要由食管、胃、前肠和后肠组成。消化道的组织结构与哺乳类有许多相似之处 ,基本上由 4层组成。但食管上皮为含有大量杯状细胞的复层上皮 ,除胃体部外 ,其余器官内均缺腺体。本研究还显示了各器官连接部的结构变化。上述器官内均有散在分布的消化道内分泌细胞 ,表明黄鳝消化道还是一个主要的内分泌器官     

花粉中酶的研究

花粉中酶的研究王开发张玉兰张盛隆（同济大学花粉应用研究中心）酶是影响细胞代谢的重要物质，是摄入生物体内的营养成分进行分解、合成时起催化作用，而称为生物催化剂。但酶与其它催化剂不同，能在机体十分温和的条件下高效率地起催化作用，使生物体内的各种物质处于不...     

几种因素对培养小鼠精原干细胞的影响

探讨了小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层及干细胞因子(SCF)、白血病抑制因子(LIF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)等对体外培养小鼠精原干细胞的作用.结果显示,在饲养层上,精原干细胞贴壁时间缩至8～12 h,饲养层具有促进其分裂增殖的作用;培养液中加入不同浓度的SCF、LIF及bFGF,可延长精原干细胞在体外的存活时间,其中加入30μg/LSCF后,其体外存活时间与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05).