不同品种马铃薯的颗粒全粉功能品质分析

以相同条件下生产的7个品种马铃薯为原料,测定其品质指标(干物质、总淀粉、直链淀粉、还原糖、VC)和加工全粉的功能指标(蓝值、持水性和持油性),研究不同品种马铃薯及其所制颗粒全粉功能品质的差异。结果表明,除费乌瑞它品种马铃薯的干物质含量偏低外,其余6个品种秦芋30、秦芋32、0406-1、0406-9、安薯56、鄂5均符合加工全粉的要求;马铃薯原料中总淀粉含量高,则游离淀粉的含量相对较高。7个品种马铃薯全粉的蓝值顺序为:安薯56费乌瑞它鄂5秦芋320406-9秦芋300406-1;持水性顺序为:秦芋32鄂5秦芋300406-9费乌瑞它0406-1安薯56;持油性顺序为:0406-1安薯56鄂5费乌瑞它=秦芋32秦芋300406-9。该结果可为马铃薯颗粒全粉生产的原料选择和全粉应用提供参考依据。     

广东省2010年生态足迹和生态承载力研究

利用生态足迹分析方法,对广东省2010年生态足迹和生态承载力进行了研究,分析探讨广东省经济活动对当地自然生态系统造成的压力及其影响程度,为识别和衡量广东省的可持续发展状态、制定城市建设策略和实现可持续发展提供参考依据。结果表明,广东省2010年人均生态足迹为2.5188 hm²,主要由耕地足迹和能源足迹构成,人均生态赤字为2.078 hm²,远高于全国、全球平均水平。总人口生态足迹赤字为2.17×10⁸ hm²,生态超载力达到4.7倍。与2001年相比,10年来人均生态足迹的总需求上涨了84%,其中林地和耕地涨幅剧增。而生态总供给则下降20%。生态系统的压力和强度与日俱增。建立集约型、节约型及生态型生产及消费模式,促进经济发展与人口、资源、环境相协调是广东省保持可持续发展劲头的主要途径和当务之急。     

Optimization of Heat Processing of Farmed Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Muscle with Respect to Cook Loss,Water Holding Capacity,Color, and Texture

Convenience products of fish that are heat processed in-pack are often subjected to a compromise between quality and durability within the framework of required safety. The purpose of this study was to provide knowledge for optimizing pasteurization of cod muscle by quantifying changes in water holding capacity (WHC), cook loss, color, and texture within a wide range of processing times and temperatures. A heat load equivalent to 2 min at 70°C may be applied to the cod while maintaining the WHC above 66%, the cook loss below 5.6%, and keeping hardness and whiteness low, provided that the processing temperature is kept in the range 68 ± 4°C.     

杉木采伐对集水区土壤热状况的影响

土壤作为森林生态系统的子体系 ,是林木扎根并赖以生存的基础 ,也是土壤微生物一切生命活动的场所。因此 ,有关土壤养分、水分及其土壤物理结构特征等方面的研究报告颇多 (王政权等 ,2 0 0 0 ;张合平等 ,1 997)。但是有关森林土壤的热状况 ,以及林木采伐后对土壤热状况影响的研究报导很少 (康文星等 ,1 989;刘煊景等 ,1 993)。本文在获得采伐前连续 3年和采伐后连续 3年的观测数据的基础上 ,就杉木人工林生态系统土壤的热状况各因子之间 ,土壤各组成成分对热状况的单一或组合效应 ,以及皆伐这种人为强烈干扰对土壤热状况的影响进行了剖析。…     

Growth,morphology and gas exchange responses of two-year-old Quercus castaneifolia seedlings to flooding stress

Tolerance to flooding is crucial when thinking in promissory species for restoration of ecosystems prone to suffer soil water excess. In this study, we tested the flooding tolerance of two-years-old seedlings of Chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey.) to determine whether it can be recommended for use in wetland restoration programs. Seedlings of Q. castaneifolia were subjected to three treatments: (1) control (C), (2) flooding for 60 days followed by a 42-day recovery period (F?+?R) and (3) continuous flooding for 102 days (F). Physiological performance, plant morphological changes and biomass accumulation were assessed. Results showed that, although net photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance and transpiration decreased with prolonged flooding, when flood waters were removed, plants were able to recover their physiological activity (49–80% compared to controls). By contrast, when plants were continually flooded, their physiological activity decreased as well as the leaves experienced precocious senescence and wilting. Biomass responses paralleled physiological responses: leaf and root biomass were 42–49% higher under F?+?R treatment than under continuous flooding, and all plants under the F?+?R survived. Therefore, Q. castaneifolia appears as a promising species to be further studied when thinking re-vegetation of riverine areas and other temporarily flooded wetlands.     

空心胶合木-钢插板螺栓节点承载力试验研究

为研究空心胶合木-钢插板螺栓连接节点承载力及延性性能,探讨了不同胶合木宽度和螺栓直径对破坏模式的影响,分析了不同宽径比、承压宽度对节点承载力、延性等的影响。结果表明:增加宽径比及承压宽度,可有效提高节点延性。宽径比12.5~16.4的节点延性较佳;宽径比10.0~10.9是单、双塑性铰破坏模式的临界点,可作为工程设计参考值。     

鄂西山地马尾松林水文效应研究

为了定量评价马尾松林的综合水文功能,对鄂西山地区内的马尾松林林冠截留、枯落物截留和林地土壤蓄流等关键水文效应进行了观测研究。结果表明：林冠截留率为19.14%,树干茎流率为0.48%;林冠截留量与降雨量呈幂函数关系,林内透雨、树干茎流分别与降雨量呈线性关系;枯落物最大持水率为224.23%,土壤贮水力为291.63t/...     

预应力空心板先简支后连续受力性能研究

先简支后连续结构,不仅具有简支梁桥施工简便的优点,而且保证桥梁的行车平顺。本实验基于预应力空心板先简支后连续的结构特征和受力特点,进行荷载试验和极限承载能力的加载试验,同时与预应力简支空心板作对比试验。试验结果表明,先简支后连续结构明显优于桥面连续的结构。     

醇提水沉与水提醇沉对桉叶多酚提取物抗氧化活性的影响

本文以氧化自由基吸收能力(ORAC)、DPPH自由基清除能力以及多酚含量为指标,探讨醇提水沉法、水提醇沉法对桉多酚提取物抗氧化性的影响.结果表明,醇提水沉法上清液组分ORAC值高于其沉淀组分,也高于水提醇沉法的沉淀组分和其上清液组分.醇提水沉上清液组分多酚含量以及清除DPPH自由基活性均强于其他组分.因此可得醇提水沉法优于水提醇沉法,这对桉多酚后期的分离纯化起到指导作用.     

东莞峡口大桥加固设计

该文通过东莞市峡口大桥的加固工程,针对该桥检测评估结果提出了有针对性的加固设计方案及措施.经有关部门检测,加固效果良好.