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91.
Brenda Colleen Clifton-Cardoso Marcelo Schramm Mielke José Roberto De Melo Rondinele Nascimento Querino 《New Forests》2008,35(1):15-31
Dimorphandra jorgei MF Silva (Caesalpinaceae) and Swartzia macrostachya Benth. var. riedelii Cowan (Fabaceae) are tree species from the southern Bahian Atlantic Forest, identified for the restoration of degraded areas.
The objective of this research is to study their seed germination and seedling growth to develop simple methods for seedling
production in small scale nurseries. Because the species have distinct dormancy and germination characteristics, the seeds
were submitted to different treatments. D. jorgei seeds were immersed in hot water, scarified and stored for 12 weeks in the laboratory environment (25°C). S. macrostachya seeds were submitted to different combinations of drying and storage in the laboratory environment or refrigerator (4°C).
Seedlings were submitted to two light treatments for 3 months: partial shade (52% of full sun) and full shade (12% of full
sun). In D. jorgei, the highest germination occurred for scarified seeds (87%) and for seeds stored for 12 weeks and then scarified (69%). In
S. macrostachya the undried control seeds had the highest germination, followed by that of the refrigeration storage treatment, without predrying
(99% and 97%, respectively). The average values for the growth parameters were greater in full shade for D. jorgei, while S. macrostachya seedlings showed greater growth rates in partial shade. Two months growth is recommended before D. jorgei seedlings are of the sufficient size and leaf number for field planting. On the other hand, a period of 4 months is recommended
for S. macrostachya, due to its relatively slow growth. 相似文献
92.
93.
One hundred and fifty-four jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) and 85 marri (Corymbia calophylla) trees were measured and assessed, and the numbers and sizes of hollows in these trees were determined by destructive sampling; 665 hollows were located and measured. The relationship between tree diameter and tree age was determined from counts of annual growth rings on 162 of these trees. Large trees and trees with moderately senescent crowns individually bear the most hollows. Although the number of hollows found in individual trees increased with tree diameter, the distribution of tree diameters in the forest is skewed and the large number of small trees with diameters between 40 and 80 cm contribute approximately 50% of all hollows in the jarrah forest. The distributions of entry size, and of hollow depth, are highly skewed, with small hollows occurring more frequently than large hollows. Although jarrah trees bear more hollows than marri trees and the distribution of entry sizes is similar for both tree species, the hollows in jarrah are significantly smaller than the hollows in marri. Most hollows are cylindrical in shape, vertically oriented and occur in dead wood in the tree crown. Relatively few hollows (14%) occur in the tree bole or at crown break. Counts of hollows made from ground level are inaccurate as estimates of the actual number of hollows in trees. 相似文献
94.
通过对川西亚高山云杉低效林不同大小林窗(面积50 m2、100 m2、150 m2)改造,以未处理作为对照,采用氯仿熏蒸浸提法研究了林窗改造对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量及其垂直分布特征的影响。结果表明:通过林窗改造,林下土壤微生物量碳、氮具有显著提升,其中,林窗面积越大,提升效果越显著。各土层土壤微生物量碳、氮含量均表现为:150 m2(L3)100 m2(L2)50 m2(L1)对照(CK);3种大小面积林窗和对照土壤微生物量碳、氮含量随着土层深度的增加而降低,均表现为上层(0~5 cm)中层(5 cm~10 cm)下层(10 cm~15 cm);且林窗改造降低了土壤微生物量碳、氮的表层富集特性,林窗面积越大,上层土壤微生物量碳、氮所占比例越低。 相似文献
95.
发展福建省林木育种工作的思考 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文指出随着福建林业的发展,林木良种工作也产生了相应的变化,认为应当对主要用材树种进行深入研究,使育种目标多样化并加强对林木种质基因资源的保护。 相似文献
96.
97.
This article analyzes the relationship between forest resources, refugees, and the host population. The findings of the research
suggest that the host population are heavily dependent on the local forest for their daily needs such as fuelwood, timber,
grazing area, fodder for domestic animals, foods, and medicine in addition to cultural and esthetic needs. The forest has
also been relied upon for agricultural needs such as manufacture of agricultural tools, maintenance of irrigation water systems,
erosion control, and fertilizer needs. The forest was under a sustained demand as any other Terai forest of Nepal. After the
arrival of refugees in 1992, the demand for forest resources increased substantially. Initially, the construction of the refugee
camps decreased the total forest area and also required some felling of trees. More significantly, the refugees themselves
became active users of the forest resource, which generated extra pressure on the forest and created scarcity of forest resources.
Before the arrival of the refugees, forest management and monitoring of illegal use of the forest resources were carried out
by the government through its local forester office. The local residents were active users of the forest resources, but were
passive in managing and maintaining the forest resource. However, competition from the refugees instilled a desire in the
local population to safeguard and protect the dwindling resource against the external threat by creating the Humse Dumse Community
Forest. 相似文献
98.
Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is shade-tolerant and sensitive to high irradiance, summer frosts and winter desiccation, which can impair its reforestation success. In this study, artificial pre- and post-planting shading was examined to determine their effects on post-planting shoot and root growth as well as the vigor of one- and two-year-old Norway spruce seedlings. Three planting experiments were carried out on open nursery fields (Exp. 1, 2) and on a mounded forest clearcut in central Finland (Exp. 3). Before planting, the seedlings were stored over winter either in a freezer or on open fields under snow cover. For two weeks prior to planting, half of the seedlings were placed in the open and the other half under a horizontal shade netting (light transmittance 56 %) (Exp. 1, 2). All seedlings were planted with or without a vertical post-planting shade, which was located on the southern side. Post-planting shading enhanced shoot growth and reduced damage (better visual vigor and needle color and less pine-weevil damage) on Norway spruce seedlings for at least two years after planting (Exp. 2, 3). Those seedlings, that had been stored over winter in the open and kept in shade prior to planting seemed to benefit most from post-planting shading (Exp. 2). However, post-planting shading may give variable results, depending on the seedling quality and weather conditions after planting, and may even reduce shoot growth if no pre-planting shading is used (Exp. 1). Shoot growth may also be improved at the expense of root growth (Exp. 3). The costs of manufacturing and installing post-planting shades may limit their use in practice, for example, to selected regeneration sites where there is high risk of frost damage but where no alternative silvicultural procedure (shelterwood or nurse crop) has been used. 相似文献
99.
德国林业体系及森林经营技术与管理 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
通过德国的培训考察,对其林业管理体系与政策、森林经营与理念、生物圈保护、森林公共教育等方面归纳叙述。 相似文献
100.
Research needs for restoring seasonal tropical forests in Thailand: accelerated natural regeneration
Accelerated natural regeneration (ANR) is a relatively cheap method of reforestation, which encourages natural establishment of indigenous trees and shrubs. It requires a low input of labour, but a high input of ecological information. In this paper, the knowledge required to predict and manipulate the natural regeneration of seasonal tropical forest is reviewed and areas in need of further research are identified. Regeneration will be influenced by five groups of potentially limiting factors; site resources (soil and microclimate); competition with weeds; site disturbance; occurrence of established woody plants or their propagules; seed dispersal by wild animals and birds. This paper considers each of these, their interactions with seasons, and each other. Collation of existing information on these topics, combined with the suggested further research, should facilitate the creation of tools that will enable practitioners to judge the regeneration potential of sites and to select the most appropriate ANR techniques. 相似文献