Flour constituent interactions and their influence on dough rheology and quality of semi-sweet biscuits: A mixture design approach with reconstituted blends of gluten, water-solubles and starch fractions

The aim of this study was to identify the biochemical parameters that alter the soft wheat flour functionality for biscuit-making quality. A 9-point simplex centroid was used to investigate the effect of varying the ratios of gluten, water-solubles and starch-fractions isolated from three different flour grades (patent, middle-cut and clear flours) which exhibited a wide range of compositional and functionality characteristics on the dough rheological behaviour and the semi-sweet biscuit quality parameters. The amounts of soluble and insoluble proteins and pentosans as well as the endogenous lipids in each flour fraction were quantified. Dough consistency, elongational viscosity, hardness, half-relaxation time, relaxation rate constant, cohesiveness and springiness as well as biscuit density, firmness, tearing force and spatial frequency for the different flour fraction combinations were also assessed. Regression models have been developed to predict the responses of the rheological attributes of the dough as well as the biscuit quality characteristics to the compositional changes of the flour blends; in addition to the main linear terms (concentration of starch, gluten and water-solubles isolated from the different flour grades), significant interaction terms were identified which cannot be neglected in any prediction scheme for the dough and biscuit properties. Contour plots were drawn in an effort to better understand the overall property responses of the dough and biscuits. Significant relationships among certain dough rheological parameters and biscuit characteristics were found, implying a functional role for the total, soluble and insoluble proteins, pentosans and lipids in biscuit making.     

Human Simulated Intelligence Motion Control for Three-link Acrobot on Horizontal Bar

The design of multi-controller and multi-mode control law is presented for the three-link Acrobot on horizontal bar by employing Human simulated intelligent control method based on sensory-motor Schema.Imitated the characteristics of gymnast's swing-up and handstand movement,the control process of robot is divided by six sequence phase.Then the sensory cell and motor cell and the group of sensory-motor schema is designed based on the analysis of quality-quantity combination.The simulation results show that the controller ensures the gesture and the energy to the desired goal,farther more the motion control of giant swing backword is realized in the simulation.     

微灌地膜的节水保墒增温效应研究

在实验基础上 ,分析论述了微灌地膜的节水效果和增温保墒效应。试验结果表明 ,微灌地膜可比地面灌溉节水 61 % ,增加地温 3℃～ 6℃ ,近地面空气相对湿度提高 3 0 %～ 40 % ,综合效应明显。可供微灌地膜或膜下微灌的进一步研究设计参考     

基于生态学技术的农牧混合管理应用研究

为进一步促进我国农牧业的发展,提高农牧种养的综合效率,针对农牧混合管理应用展开了研究。在单一农作物种植的基础上,基于生态学的规律与特性,建立相应的生态学模型,融入物联网、无线通信等智能管控技术,形成功能完整、布局合理、实用科学的农牧混合管理系统。展开该理念下的应用试验,结果表明:以生态学技术为平台理念,较单一培养模式而言,农牧混合管理系统下的综合培养效率可提高至90%以上,作物生长良好率和畜牧产率均提升5%以上,系统运行平稳高效,可为促进生态农业的循环发展提供一定的思路。     

沂蒙山区石榴繁育技术

石榴中富含碳水化合物和微量元素,有较高的药用价值。通过研究沂蒙山石榴的扦插、防治病虫害等技术措施,为沂蒙山石榴种植提供一定的理论指导。     

基于3S的森林资源消长数据采集与更新系统设计

3S技术是近年来迅速发展起来的空间信息科学技术,将其应用于森林资源采集与更新数字化管理系统可以大大提高林业生产效率,提高经营决策的科学性,可作为生态管理和环境保护的新方法加以应用,实现林业的可持续发展。介绍了数字林业架构中数据采集与更新系统的研究与应用,阐述了应用本系统对传统森林经营管理模式的优化及改造效果。     

武冈林场第二代人工杉木中幼林抚育间伐强度试验研究初探

武冈林场第二代人工杉木中幼林抚育间伐强度试验表明:a.杉木中幼龄林抚育间伐能促进林分胸径、树高、材积的增长,能使林分的速生期延长1-2年,能有效地提高林分产量,提高木材质量;b.不同的抚育间伐强度类型对林分生长因子的影响效果不同,以株数间伐强度30-40%效果最佳;c.对培育大径材的杉木林分,可实施三次间伐,第一次在9-11年,第二次在14-16年,第三次在19-22年;第三次间伐能明显促进后期林分胸径生长。     

人参对磷的吸收,分配及磷素代谢

利用＾３２Ｐ示踪技术及常规生物化学分析方法，动态地测定了人以对中面磷的吸收，分配及代谢过程，结果表明，五年生化参青果叶面供磷，随供磷后时间的推移，吸收率呈递增趋势，供试３６ｄ平均吸收率为２１．９７％，而且以正在发育的果实和根部为主要分配中心，叶面吸收的＾３２Ｐ迅速参与代谢过程，由无机态合成多种有机磷化物，其中８０％左右掺入酸溶性组分。     

提高西藏大于零度年积温3000°C以上农区水热资源利用率探讨

西藏农区大于零度年积温3000° C以上的耕地面积约有6～7万公顷，每年只能种一季农作物，尤其是早熟的冬青稞和冬小麦在6月下旬成熟收获，此时才开始雨季，7、8、9三个月及10月的上半个月的水热资源没有利用。通过几年试验证明，在大于零度年积温3000度以上的农区耕地进行早熟粮食作物与经济作物套种、复种是可行的，不仅直接提高水、热、耕地资源利用率，提高种植指数，而且调整了农牧业种植结构，可作为用地养地、经济、社会、生态良性循环的新模式，发挥较好的经济、生态、社会效益。     

非调质钢分类的研究

目前非调质钢应用中存在钢种较多、钢号繁杂的问题，因此，有必要对共进行分类。本文提出可以分别根据非调质钢的发展阶段、显微组织、碳含量、合金元素含量的不同来进行分类，这些新的分类方法可用于指导非调质钢的生产管理。