楠木人工育苗试验研究

采用楠木撒播与条播及遮荫与不遮荫的育苗对比试验,结果表明：楠木苗木生长可分为出苗期、幼苗期、速生期和生长后期4个阶段。出苗期,从3月上旬～4月上旬;幼苗期,从4月上旬～6月上旬;速生期,从6月上旬～10月上旬;生长后期,从10月中旬～12月中旬。不同播种方式对苗木出苗率有一定影响,条播出苗率高于撒播;对苗木高和地径生长...     

不同密度落叶松人工林直径结构研究

文章利用汪清林业局金钩岭林场落叶松人工林不同密度固定样地的长期观测数据,采用偏度、峰度、直径变动系数对林分直径结构动态变化规律进行了探讨,结果表明:①25a时偏度值随密度增加而增大,其后随着年龄增加,各样地的偏度值均逐渐减小,直径分布曲线右偏型逐渐减弱,期初密度大的样地偏度值变化明显;②随着年龄的增加,不同密度样地的峰度值逐渐减小,直径分布曲线逐渐变得平缓,期初密度大的样地尤其明显;③31a后,各样地直径变动系数稳定在0.36附近。     

毛竹蒲头电动粉碎机研发及应用初报

针对毛竹生产中存在的实际问题,研制开发了毛竹蒲头电动粉碎机,并进行了试验与应用。结果表明,设计技术路线正确,机械安全、可靠、简便、实用,生产效率大大提高。该机械的应用具有很高的经济效益和生态效益。综合分析了机械的应用效果,并对林业机械的开发提出建议。     

Modeling jack pine branch characteristics in Eastern Canada

A total of 83 trees were sampled in three regions of Eastern Canada in order to model branch characteristics (number of branches per annual shoot, branch insertion angle and diameter) using linear mixed-effects models. Differences in branch characteristics according to branch type (pseudo-whorl at annual shoot apical end (PWA) versus pseudo-whorl between shoot apical ends (PWB)) were also studied. The number of both PWA and PWB branches are proportional to annual shoot length, whereas the number of PWB branches also decreases with tree age. Insertion angle was mainly driven by annual shoot number from apex (branch age). The diameter models showed the most complexity with branch vertical position and tree size (DBH and total height) among the statistically significant variables. Region and plot random effects were minimal compared with tree and annual shoot levels. Tree-level random effects were significant for every model and might be a symptom of genetic control over the number of branches and, to a small extent, branch diameter. Interaction between insertion angle and diameter is relatively strong because all the models using them as independent variables (except for the model of insertion angle for PWB branches) showed better fit statistics. These results lead us to believe that tree-, annual shoot- and branch-level variables should be further explored in order to better understand branch dynamics.     

Estimating aboveground biomass in forest and oil palm plantation in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo using ALOS PALSAR data

Conversion of tropical forests to oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia has resulted in large-scale environmental degradation, loss of biodiversity and significant carbon emissions. For both countries to participate in the United Nation’s REDD (Reduced Emission from Deforestation and Degradation) mechanism, assessment of forest carbon stocks, including the estimated loss in carbon from conversion to plantation, is needed. In this study, we use a combination of field and remote sensing data to quantify both the magnitude and the geographical distribution of carbon stock in forests and timber plantations, in Sabah, Malaysia, which has been the site of significant expansion of oil palm cultivation over the last two decades. Forest structure data from 129 ha of research and inventory plots were used at different spatial scales to discriminate forest biomass across degradation levels. Field data was integrated with ALOS PALSAR (Advanced Land-Observing Satellite Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery to both discriminate oil palm plantation from forest stands, with an accuracy of 97.0% (κ = 0.64) and predict AGB using regression analysis of HV-polarized PALSAR data (R² = 0.63, p < .001). Direct estimation of AGB from simple regression models was sensitive to both environmental conditions and forest structure. Precipitation effect on the backscatter data changed the HV prediction of AGB significantly (R² = 0.21, p < .001), and scattering from large leaves of mature palm trees significantly impeded the use of a single HV-based model for predicting AGB in palm oil plantations. Multi-temporal SAR data and algorithms based on forest types are suggested to improve the ability of a sensor similar to ALOS PALSAR for accurately mapping and monitoring forest biomass, now that the ALOS PALSAR sensor is no longer operational.     

黄桑自然保护区天然阔叶林采种基地建设与经营措施

在国家级黄桑自然保护区的实验区建立天然阔叶林采种基地,基地面积733.5hm2,目的采种树种有27种。文章介绍了该基地的自然条件、基地树种资源、种源区建设、配套设施以及基地经营措施等。     

小径级柞木锯材干燥应力试验

在周期式强制循环顶风型蒸汽干燥窑条件下,采用连续升温干燥基准,对小径级柞木锯材干燥过程中的应力应变进行试验研究,得出应力变化曲线;分析了小径级柞木锯材在干燥过程中应时机处理和处理应注意的问题。     

樟子松苗木移植密度试验

樟子松2年生苗20 cm×20 cm、20 cm×10 cm、20 cm×7.5 cm、20 cm×5.0 cm、20 cm×4.0 cm、20 cm×3.3cm6种移植密度试验,结果表明:苗木高生长差异不明显,地径差异达到了1%的显著水准,苗木径高比,单株生物量随着移植密度的减少而增大,质量越好。一级苗百分率随密度的增大而减小,单位面积经济产值随密度的增大而上升,最大密度与最小密度的单位产值相差4倍以上。综合质量指标和经济效益2方面考虑,以20 cm×4.0 cm和20 cm×5.0 cm2种移植密度最佳。     

广东毛竹碳含量测定分析

为了获得广东地区毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)的碳含量以及准确估算广东地区毛竹的碳储量和碳汇能力,采用湿烧法对广东省龙川县、南雄市5~6 a生毛竹不同器官、不同径阶、不同竹干高度的碳含量进行分析.结果表明:毛竹的平均碳含量为509.91 g/kg,毛竹不同器官碳含量大小关系为枝(524.51 g/kg)>干(523.24 g/kg)>根(504.04 g/kg)>叶(487.85 g/kg);毛竹的竹秆和枝的碳含量差异均不显著,竹秆和枝与其它器官的碳含量差异均显著(P<0.05);毛竹竹秆不同高度位置碳含量差异不显著.以上结果说明,毛竹不同器官之间碳含量存在差异性.为了提高对某一区域毛竹碳储量估算的准确度,需对该区域毛竹各器官碳含量进行精确的地面实测.     

光皮梾木果实特征及产量

为充分了解光皮梾木(Cornus wilsoniana)果实特征、利用优树资源选育良种,对来自江西省和广东省的光皮梾木优树及扩繁无性系的果实性状、产量进行测定,结果表明:光皮梾木优树的鲜果、种子平均直径分别为6.08、4.54 mm,光皮梾木优树的鲜果、种子平均百粒重为14.3、5.56 g,光皮梾木优树无性系的鲜果、种子平均直径分别为5.81、4.32 mm;光皮梾木优树平均鲜果直径、种子直径、种子百粒重与扩繁无性系的平均鲜果直径、种子直径、种子百粒重间的相关系数分别为0.638、0.681、0.774,呈显著相关(P<0.05);优树无性系的果实直径、种子直径、种子百粒重复力分别为0.9734、0.9740、0.9921;优树无性系的鲜果平均单株产量为620.0~2636.7 g,初选的优良无性系JX3、JX2、JX12鲜果平均单株产量分别为2661.4、2637.7、2320.0 g,比试验林全林均值1723.5 g分别高54.4%、53.0%、34.6%;优树无性系的鲜果平均直径与鲜果平均单株产量相关系数为0.431,相关性不显著.