油松、辽东栎混交林中生化他感作用的研究

研究了油松（ＰｉｎｕｓｔａｂｕｌａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓＣａｒｒ．）、辽东栎（ＱｕｅｒｃｕｓｌｉａｏｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＫｏｉｄｚ．）混交林中的生化他感作用，结果表明：油松、辽东栎纯林及松栎混交林下的枯落叶、半分解枯落叶及表层土壤水浸液对油松及其它植物的种子发芽和幼苗胚根、幼茎生长有显著的影响，一般在高浓度下表现为强烈的抑制作用，低浓度下作用不显著或起促进作用。其中辽东栎枯落叶水浸液的抑制作用最为强烈，混交林中枯落叶的抑制作用有所下降。说明在某些条件（干旱、混交比例和混交方式不当）下，两树种混交可引起林地生化他感物质富积，从而导致油松生长不良，林地生产力下降。解释了实际林地的现象，为营造松栎混交林提供了依据。     

高等级公路沥青混凝土路面施工的几点体会

结合双鸭山双七二级公路改建工程第3合同段对沥青混凝土路面的施工过程，介绍了高等级公路沥青混凝土路面的配合比设计和施工方法，对今后的沥青混凝土路面施工有较好的借鉴作用。     

果戈里大街沥青混凝土路面裂缝的原因与防治

针对哈尔滨市南岗区果戈里大街的路面设计、施工状况的调查,分析了沥青路面裂缝原因与几个因素的关系,并结合有关资料提出一些防治措施。     

沥青混凝土桥面铺装早期病害原因的分析

对混凝土桥梁沥青砼桥面铺装的早期病害及其原因进行了分析与研究，在总结当前国内桥面铺装结构主要方法的基础上，通过理论分析，提出了用有限元进行结构受力分析以及需要重点研究分析的几个方面的问题。     

SMA在钢箱梁桥面铺装中的应用

SMA应用时必须根据具体情况对其构成进行调整。本文根据钢桥的特殊要求,对SMA在钢箱梁桥桥面铺装中的使用进行了有益的研究。     

哈尔滨机场高速公路改性沥青砼面层施工指标的控制

本文以哈尔滨机场高速公路改性沥青砼路面施工为例 ,论述了掺入SBS改性剂的SMA改性沥青砼面层在北方寒冷地区施工技术指标的控制 ,为北方道路工程建设提供了宝贵经验     

Hydration behavior and compressive strength of cement mixed with exploded wood fiber strand obtained by the water-vapor explosion process

Poor compatibility was found between exploded wood fiber strand (WFS) and cement due to the excessive presence of water-soluble degraded polysaccharides in extractives of exploded WFS obtained from weathered wood waste treated by the water-vapor explosion process (WVEP). This study presents some comparative results from a continuing investigation on the compressive strengths of exploded WFS–cement mixtures. Based on results previously obtained with the hydration test, the relation between hydration behavior and compressive strength of the mixture was explored. In addition, the effect of the curing age on compressive strength development of the mixture with selected additive chemicals was examined. The results supported the results of early studies with hydration tests indicating that adding MgCl₂ to the mixtures of exploded WFS mixed with quick-curing cement or ordinary Portland cement and a composite of MgCl₂ + CaO added to the mixture of exploded WFS and furnace-slag cement effectively improved the hydration behaviors; it greatly enhanced the compressive strengths of mixtures as well. Compressive strengths were strongly correlated to maximum hydration temperatures (T_max) of wood–cement mixtures influenced by the cement type, wood wastes (treated or not with WVEP), additive chemicals, and their content levels. The results also indicated that adding selected chemicals had no significant effect on compressive strength among the mixtures of exploded WFS mixed, respectively, with three types of cement at a curing age of 180 days. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to identify the hydration products and to probe the element distribution of the mixture in the wood–cement interface zone from a fractured surface.Part of this report was presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, April 2002     

Impact of relationships between test and training animals and among training animals on reliability of genomic prediction

One of the factors affecting the reliability of genomic prediction is the relationship among the animals of interest. This study investigated the reliability of genomic prediction in various scenarios with regard to the relationship between test and training animals, and among animals within the training data set. Different training data sets were generated from EuroGenomics data and a group of Nordic Holstein bulls (born in 2005 and afterwards) as a common test data set. Genomic breeding values were predicted using a genomic best linear unbiased prediction model and a Bayesian mixture model. The results showed that a closer relationship between test and training animals led to a higher reliability of genomic predictions for the test animals, while a closer relationship among training animals resulted in a lower reliability. In addition, the Bayesian mixture model in general led to a slightly higher reliability of genomic prediction, especially for the scenario of distant relationships between training and test animals. Therefore, to prevent a decrease in reliability, constant updates of the training population with animals from more recent generations are required. Moreover, a training population consisting of less‐related animals is favourable for reliability of genomic prediction.     

黄土丘陵区白羊草与达乌里胡枝子混播草地土壤呼吸日变化特征

土壤呼吸是反映土壤质量和肥力性状的重要指标,阐明禾―豆混播草地土壤呼吸作用的变化规律及其影响因素,可以为准确评估混播草地的环境效应及响应提供依据。在2011和2012年6月份,采用动态密闭气室分析法,比较了白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum)与达乌里胡枝子(Lespedeza davurica)不同比例间作混播草地总土壤呼吸速率的日变化特征、混播植物贡献率以及温度敏感性等。结果表明,不同混播比例草地的总土壤呼吸速率日变化为单峰型曲线,峰值出现在12:00~14:00。总土壤呼吸速率日均值高低顺序为单播白羊草白羊草和达乌里胡枝子间作单播达乌里胡枝子。不同间作比例草地的总土壤呼吸速率与白昼气温相关显著(P0.05),而与5、10和15 cm土层白昼土壤温度关系不明显;单播条件下,白羊草草丛的土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性高于达乌里胡枝子;各草地土壤呼吸Q10值的变化范围为1.48~2.61,以单播白羊草最高,单播达乌里胡枝子和两者间作混播草地间无显著差异(P0.05)。     

不同种植密度条件下单混种作物的生长曲线

代谢比例理论(Metabolic Scaling Theory)认为,植物小个体或幼苗的生物量和物质能量代谢速率之间的异速生长指数为1,而随着植物个体的逐渐增大,其代谢异速生长指数逐渐趋近于3/4。2012年,Deng等基于代谢比例理论建立了植物小个体的动态生长模型。然而,对于受到种内或种间不同竞争压力的植物个体来说,其生长过程无疑将受到邻体竞争的影响,他们是否仍然遵循上述植物小个体的动态生长模型尚不得而知。本研究针对此科学问题选取了春小麦(Triticum aestivum)、胡麻(Linum usitisimum)、玉米(Zea mays)3种作物分别进行两两组合混合种植以及单独种植,种植密度分别为高、中、低3种不同密度梯度;在作物出苗至成熟期间,分别对株高、基茎、冠幅、生物量、以及不同时期样方植物密度共进行6次跟踪测定。通过对Deng等建立的植物小个体动态生长模型的拟合分析,发现在种植密度梯度下不论单种还是混种,其植物个体的生长曲线均符合植物小个体动态生长模型,且具有相似生态位的物种混种条件下的个体生长状况要好于单种条件下的个体生长状况,而低密度条件下的生长状况亦显著优于中、高密度个体生长状况。总之,不同竞争压力下的植物个体,其生长速率和成熟大小虽有所变化,但其生长曲线均符合上述生长模型的预测。该研究不但对植物小个体生长模型和代谢理论的可靠性进行了进一步的验证,而且还使该理论的应用与发展得到进一步的完善。