用于滴灌的碟式分离机的转鼓有限元优化设计

碟式分离机的转鼓是一个复杂的锥体,按照传统算法进行其强度计算,得到的结果往往具有很大的质量富余,从而影响到分离机的综合经济指标.为解决这一问题,在有限元应力分析的基础上,以转鼓的总质量为目标函数,以其部分结构参数为优化参数,建立了转鼓的优化设计数学模型.该模型为多维约束优化问题,选取了惩罚函数内点法进行求解,并给出了算法流程图.对实际转鼓的优化结果表明,在保证强度、刚度的前提下,可使分离机的转鼓质量减小24.2%,可提高机械效率,延长转鼓使用寿命.     

甘薯膳食纤维提取工艺的研究

试验模拟甘薯淀粉提取过程获得甘薯渣,通过单因素与正交试验研究了各种酶添加量对膳食纤维提取率的影响,确定糖化酶为主要酶,并且通过正交试验确定了糖化酶酶解条件(温度、时间、pH值)的最优组合。试验结果表明,各种酶的最适添加量分别为:α-淀粉酶1.4mL/g、胰蛋白酶0.5mL/g、糖化酶为5.0mL/g,其中,糖化酶是影响提取率的主要酶。糖化酶酶解的最佳工艺条件为:温度60℃,时间40min,pH值4.5。在最优工艺条件下制备甘薯渣膳食纤维产品,对产品进行分析表明,总膳食纤维提取率为81.6%,其中可溶性膳食纤维提取率可达25.7%,甘薯渣膳食纤维的膨胀力和持水力分别达到3.42mL/g和665%。     

An initial survey of the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) in Nicaragua

After the civil war and the Hurricane-Mitch disaster, cattlemen in Nicaragua were forced to transport their cattle from lowland areas to higher, dryer areas of the country. These areas are natural ecological niches for the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) (Diptera: Cuterebridae). To determine the importance of this infestation, the Agricultural and Livestock-Forestry Ministry selected a central area of Nicaragua to run a pioneer survey program to acquire information about hosts involved, number of cases, treatments applied and general knowledge of 42 farmers about the life cycle of the parasite. The subjects were either farm owners or farm managers. Ninety-five percentage of the farms indicated cases of D. hominis infestation in their animals, with cattle being the most affected host (100% of the affected farms). There was poor understanding of the D. hominis life cycle, vectors and control methods. A misuse of insecticides for the treatment of larval infestation by D. hominis was indicated.     

牧区两用暖棚设计与建设研究

对牧区种养暖棚的设计与建设方案进行了专题试验、研究。通过一年来试验研究,探讨出新一代种养两用暖棚建造模式,以便在广大牧区推广中使用。     

蜜蜂遗传多样性研究的RAPD-PCR反应体系的正交优化

利用正交设计L16（45）对蜜蜂基因组DNARAPD-PCR反应体系的5个因素（Tag酶,引物,Mg2＋,dNTP,模板）在4个水平上进行优化试验,筛选出各个反应因素的最佳水平,建立蜜蜂模板DNARAPD-PCR反应的最佳体系（25L）：10×PCRbuffer3.0L,Tag酶0.5U,引物浓度0.4mol/L,Mg2＋浓度3.0mmol/L,dNTP浓度0.5mmol/L,模板40ng。对蜜蜂DNARAPD-PCR最佳反应体系的退火温度进行了梯度试验,最佳退火温度为54℃。     

人工影响天气综合业务平台设计方案

提出了具有共性的人工影响天气综合业务平台的开发思路,人工影响天气综合业务平台都应具备天气监测、数据采集加工、天气预报和预警、作业指挥、信息传输和作业管理等业务功能。但是,由于各地开展人工影响天气工作的业务内容不同,因此其业务系统组合方式和平台设计思想也不完全相同。研制开发适合当地实际情况、实用性强的人工影响天气综合业务平台并加以完善,不仅是高质量开展人工影响天气业务的保障,也是各级气象部门一项长期艰巨的工作任务。     

奶牛宫颈粘液CMPx,CMEC与发情及排卵的关系

选取３０头健康黑白花奶牛，在发情期不同时间测定宫颈粘液过氧化物酶（ＣＭＰｘ）的活性及电导率（ＣＭＥＣ），以探讨ＣＭＰｘ、ＣＭＥＣ与发情及排卵的关系。结果表明，ＣＭＰｘ在卵泡成熟期明显下降，与卵泡初期及排卵初期的酶活性差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＣＭＥＣ在卵泡初期、卵泡成熟期及排卵初期变化不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本研究提示，ＣＭＰｘ在奶牛发情期有特定的变化规律，可以作为预告排卵的指标     

From research measurements to application: Bridging the gap; Overview of practical and scientific measurements in nutrition

Research that advances the practice of poultry nutrition covers a wide range, including fundamental studies that explore mechanisms in cells or a small number of birds and applied research that determines product yield in authentic production facilities. Ultimately, the applied research informs the economic analysis necessary for implementation of novel nutritional strategies or products. Nutritional controversies arise from applied research experiments that were not designed and interpreted based on the realities learned from mechanistic work. The experimental design and measurements selected for comparing nutrient sources or setting nutrient recommendations should be informed by underlying mechanistic information, such as the relative priorities of cells and tissues for the nutrient and the shape of the dose response relationship across a wide range of added dietary levels of the nutrient. Integrating mechanistic and applied research provides more robust results that can be used across wider ranges of diets and husbandry conditions.     

清代桂林环碧园平面复原研究

环碧园是清代桂林著名私家园林,时人赞誉其“不减辋川之胜”“不减淮浙盐商诸家”,但其形迹今已不存。根据《桂游日记》《白鹤洞图》等资料,将景观名称及方位信息转变为平面信息,逐步推导环碧园的选址布局和景观结构,复原出环碧园的平面示意图,并在此基础上分析其空间布局及造园特色,发现环碧园的造园选址巧妙,纳天然洞穴于园中;依托桂林的真山真水造园;在园林布局和建筑营造上突出功能性。