钾肥种类和施钾时期对油葵产量及品质的影响

为分析钾肥种类和施钾时期对油葵产量以及品质的影响,选取油葵杂交品种陇葵杂3号,采用2因素3水平（2个钾肥种类：氯化钾（F1）、硫酸钾(F2);3个施钾时期：全部种前基施（T1）、 50% 基施+50%现蕾期追施（T2）、 25%基施+50%现蕾期追施+25%花期追施（T3））随机区组试验设计,于2014-2016年在甘肃省景泰条山农场进行田间试验。结果表明：KCl和K₂SO₄这两个钾肥品种的盘径、千粒重、粗脂肪含量、产油量、亚麻酸含量间没有明显的差异。与施用K₂SO₄相比,施用KCl的产量在2014年显著增加,F1T2的产量较F2T2增加了4.96%,F1T3较F2T3增加了4.06%。出仁率、油酸含量在2015年和2016年显著增加,F1T1的出仁率较F2T1在2015年和2016年分别增加了1.50%、2.99%,F1T2的出仁率较F2T2在2015年和2016年分别增加了1.76%、19.7%;2015年F1T2的油酸含量较F2T2增加了5.92%;2016年F1T3的油酸含量较F2T3增加了9.09%。粗蛋白含量在2014年和2016年显著降低,F2T3的粗蛋白含量较F1T3在2014年和2016年分别增加了9.95%、8.87%。粗蛋白产量在2016年显著降低,F2T3的粗蛋白产量在2016年较F1T3增加9.29%。亚油酸含量在2015年和2016年显著降低, F1T3的亚油酸含量较F2T3在2015年和2016年分别增加了3.17%和3.03%。施钾时期对油葵的盘径、亚麻酸含量没有显著影响,但对油葵的千粒重、出仁率、产量、蛋白质含量、蛋白质产量、粗脂肪含量、产油量、油酸、亚油酸影响显著。钾肥的最佳施用时期为基施。油葵产量与盘径、千粒重、出仁率均有显著的正相关关系,油酸和亚油酸之间存在负相关关系。     

Effects of ZIP14 on biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7404

AIM: To study the expression of zinc transporter ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 (ZIP14) in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, and to investigate the effects of ZIP14 over-expression on the biological behaviors of HCC cells. METHODS: The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The lentivirus expression system containing GV365-ZIP14 was constructed, and was used to infect the HCC cell line BEL-7404, which had relatively poor expression of ZIP14. The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the transfected cells were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Under the conditions of zinc sulfate stimulation at different concentrations, the cell viability, the cell cycle, and the cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by MTT assay, DNA ploid detection, and Transwell assay, respectively. RESULTS: The mRNA expression level and the strong-positive rate of protein expression of ZIP14 in the HCC tissues were significantly lower than those in the adjacent non-tumor liver tissues (P<0.01). The expression of ZIP14 at mRNA and protein levels in the BEL7404 cells was significantly enhanced by infection of GV365-ZIP14 expression lentivirus. Compared with negative control group (transfected with negative control lentivirus), the cell viability, migration and invasion in ZIP14 over-expression group (transfected with GV365-ZIP14 expression lentivirus) were significantly reduced, and the percentage of the cells in G₂/M phase was significantly increased, all of which were more obvious with the elevation of zinc concentration in the culture medium. CONCLUSION: ZIP14 is low expressed in the HCC tissues. The ZIP14 over-expression has inhibitory effects on the viability, migration and invasion of HCC cells, and blocks the cell cycle in G₂/M phase, which might be closely related to the elevation of zinc concentration in cytoplasma of HCC cells due to enchanced zinc transport by ZIP14.     

日粮钙、锌对京白鸡增重、体况及组织矿物元素含量的影响

本研究选用72只6周龄京白鸡,随机分为A、B、C、D、E和F六组,分别饲喂钙、锌水平不同的日粮(各组锌、钙分别为:21.5ppm,0.95％;21.5ppm,1.95％;21.5ppm,2.95％;49ppm,0.95％;49ppm,1.95％;49ppm,2.95％),进行为期30天的饲养试验。试验中观察增重和临床变化;饲养结束时,取全血、羽毛、胫骨、肝和肾等组织的样本,测定其锌、钙、铁、铜、锰等元素的含量。试验结果是,D组增重和发育良好;A组稍次于D组;其他各组出现程度不同的临床症状,并且这些组所测组织锌含量明显低于D、A组,且其羽毛铁、骨铜、羽毛锰含量明显升高,而羽毛铜、肾铜及肾锰则显著降低。     

兽用消毒剂二氧化氯检测方法的研究进展

二氧化氯由于对细菌、病毒有广谱、快速、高效和安全的杀灭特点和优势,在畜禽养殖业中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文主要对目前国内外已有的二氧化氯检测方法进行阐述,并对各方法的优缺点进行评述。     

不同氮磷锌施肥水平对盐碱地牧草生物产量的影响

［目的］优化氮磷锌肥配比施用量。［方法］选择苜蓿、草木樨、星星草、沙打旺、羊草等耐盐牧草,采用311-A最优回归设计,比较氮磷锌施肥水平。 ［结果］最高产草量16 534.10 kg/hm^2,相应的氮肥、磷肥、锌肥用量分别为116.55 、121.35 、31.20 kg/hm^2;最佳经济效益牧草产量16 233.90 kg/hm^2,相应的氮肥、磷肥、锌肥用量分别为116.40、121.20、30.90 kg/hm^2,纯收益为2 472.40元/hm^2。［结论］对牧草产量影响的顺序依次是磷肥、氮肥和锌肥。     

Which source and level of dietary sodium is appropriate for broiler chickens reared in a high‐altitude area?

This study investigated effect of increasing level of dietary sodium using sodium bicarbonate or sodium chloride on growth performance, mortality, characteristics of carcass, organs and tibia, calcium and phosphorus of serum in broilers reared in a high‐altitude area (1,700 m above sea level). A total of 588 Ross 308 male broiler chicks were used in seven treatments, six replicates per treatment of 14 birds per each from 1 to 38 d of age. Seven dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (with 0.16% sodium and 0.23% chloride), top‐dressed for six diets to give three supplementary levels of sodium (0.07%, 0.14% and 0.21%) from sodium bicarbonate (respectively by 0.26%, 0.52% and 0.78%) or sodium chloride (respectively by 0.18%, 0.36% and 0.54%), resulting in seven diets with total sodium and chloride levels of 0.16% and 0.23%, 0.23% and 0.23%, 0.30% and 0.23%, 0.37% and 0.23%, 0.23% and 0.33%, 0.30% and 0.44%, 0.37% and 0.55% respectively. Increasing sodium level improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly and quadratically. However, when FCR was calculated without adjusting for feed intake of mortalities, the enhanced sodium level did not improve this parameter. Increasing sodium level via sodium chloride enhanced ascites mortality, total mortality, relative weight of heart and right ventricle linearly. Increasing sodium level reduced serum calcium and enhanced serum phosphorus linearly; however, there was a linear tendency to increase tibia ash when sodium level was enhanced by sodium bicarbonate (p = 0.08) or sodium chloride (p = 0.07). Increasing sodium level via sodium bicarbonate tended (p = 0.08) to reduce tibia strength linearly. In conclusion, a diet with 0.16% sodium and 0.23% chloride is enough for broiler chicken reared in a high‐altitude area, and increasing dietary sodium level via sodium chloride has detrimental effect on survivability of broiler in such condition.     

不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛血液理化指标的影响

本文旨在研究不同水平的锌对荷斯坦种公牛血液理化指标的影响。试验选取30头荷斯坦种公牛,随机分为5组,单因子饲养试验设计,分别饲喂不同锌水平的日粮,A为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,B、C、D、E组锌的添加水平分别为50、80、110和200 mg/kg(按日粮干物质计),试验期为8个月。结果表明:(1)不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛血清中谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)酶活性影响极显著(P<0.01),对碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性无显著影响(P>0.05);(2)不同锌水平对荷斯坦种公牛血清中睾酮含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对血清锌影响不显著(P>0.0 5)。综合分析不同锌水平试验牛生理生化指标的变化得出,锌的适宜添加量为1 1 0 mg/kg日粮干物质。     

不同煤基腐殖酸对土壤锌淋洗效果的研究

为了研究不同煤基腐殖酸对土壤锌的淋洗效果,从而进一步探讨其调控土壤锌移动性的效果,采用土柱淋洗方法,研究了11种煤基腐殖酸及EDTA在2种淋洗方式（去离子水淋洗和5% KCl溶液淋洗）下对土壤Zn的淋洗效果的影响。结果表明：11种煤基腐殖酸处理下,去离子水淋洗液中Zn含量与CK2相比,1~10号煤基腐殖酸对土壤Zn都有一定的钝化作用,降低了Zn在土壤中的迁移性,而11号煤基腐殖酸增强了Zn在土壤中的迁移性,但11种煤基腐殖酸处理下的淋洗效果均低于EDTA处理下的淋洗效果。同时,5% KCl溶液对Zn的淋洗效果好于去离子水。     

多效唑,缩节胺在秋番茄育苗上的应用

秋番茄育苗,于３片真叶施用５０～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ多效唑液或２５－５０ｍｇ／Ｌ缩节胺液,对防止幼苗徒长,培育壮苗有显著作用;增产效果极显著。     

9—羟基芴—9—甲酸和醇酯化反应的无水氯化钙催化剂

无水氯化钙可代替硫酸催化酯化反应，探讨了氯化钙催化９－羟基芴－９－甲酸甲酯的条件，操作简便，反应温和，无腐蚀，减少了污染与产品纯化。