Chromosomal and Plasmid Diversity of Agrobacterium Strains Isolated from Ficus benjamina Tumors

Agrobacteria were previously isolated from tumors developing on branches and aerial and hypogeous roots of weeping fig plants in Italy and in The Netherlands. A representative group of 48 strains was analyzed by PCR–RFLP of 16S and 16S + IGS ribosomal regions, PCR–RFLP of six Ti plasmid (pTi) regions and characterized for plasmid content. Two groups of agrobacteria were separated by cluster analysis of PCR–RFLP profiles of rrs gene: seventeen strains were similar to the new species Agrobacterium larrymoorei, while the remaining strains were included within the agrobacterium biovar 1 group. Sixteen different plasmid profiles from one to five plasmids were observed. In addition, 21 ribotypes and 20 pTi structures were arranged in many different combinations, showing that fig agrobacteria were characterized by a wide heterogeneity. A general lack of correlation between strain ribotypes and plasmid content was observed.     

番茄/茄子嫁接对其根际土壤生物学性状及细菌群落结构的影响

以茄子作为砧木,番茄为接穗进行嫁接,并以番茄自根植株和茄子自根植株作为对照,基于传统及现代高通量测序技术分析根际土壤的生物学性状及细菌群落结构特征,旨在揭示嫁接植株抗性增强的机制。结果表明:番茄/茄子嫁接植株根际土壤中可培养细菌、放线菌数量,微生物生物量、酶活性和细菌丰富度、多样性指数均显著高于茄子和番茄自根植株;另一方面,norank_cAcidobacteria、硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、norank_fGemmatimonadaceae、norank_oGaiellales、norank_fXanthobacteraceae、norank_oSC-I-84、norank_fAnaerolineaceae、norank_fNitrosomonadace...     

不同产地烤烟细菌群落组成与结构研究

为研究不同产地C2F等级烤烟表面细菌微生物的组成和结构,利用高通量测序技术测试了6个不同产地的C2F等级烤烟在醇化初期烟叶表面可培养细菌的组成和结构。结果表明：6个不同产地的烟叶样品表面分别检测到55、39、33、26、24和15个OTU,其中6个烟叶样品共同的OTU为6个。在属分类水平上,大部分烟叶表面可培养的优势细菌微生物是芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）,部分烟叶表面活跃着肠杆菌属（Enterobacter）,伯克霍尔德菌属（Burkholderia）和罗尔斯通菌属（Ralstonia）。不同品种和产地的烤烟表面细菌结构具有明显差异,同一品种不同产地的烤烟表面细菌结构也存在明显差异。研究结果为利用细菌微生物醇化不同产区烟叶,提高烟叶品质、优化烟叶醇化流程提供理论依据。     

Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenes from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Copticola with Antitumor and Neuroprotective Activities

Chemical examination of a marine sponge-associated Penicillium copticola fungus resulted in the isolation of ten undescribed eremophilanes, namely copteremophilanes A–J (1–10), along with two new glycosides, 5-glycopenostatin F (11) and 5-glucopenostatin I (12). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, in association with ECD data and chemical conversions for configurational assignments. Analogs 1, 2, and 10 represent a group of uncommon skeletons of eremophilanes with an aromatic ring and a methyl migration from C-5 to C-9, and analogs 11 and 12 are characteristic of a PKS scaffold bearing a glucose unit. The incorporation of a chlorinated phenylacetic unit in 3–9 is rarely found in nature. Analog 7 showed neuroprotective effect, whereas 8 exhibited selective inhibition against human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). This study enriched the chemical diversity of eremophilanes and extended their bioactivities to neuroprotection.     

Physicochemical,Structural and Antioxidant Properties of Collagens from the Swim Bladder of Four Fish Species

This study aimed to isolate and characterize pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) from marine and freshwater fish swim bladders. The physicochemical properties, protein pattern, amino acid composition, structure, thermal denaturation temperature, and antioxidant activity of PSC from four different swim bladder sources were investigated and compared. The results demonstrated that the four types of collagen extracted were all type I collagen. The yield of PSC extracted from grass carp (GCSB-PSC), bighead carp (BCSB-PSC), grouper (GSB-PSC), and monkfish swim bladders (MSB-PSC) were 38.98, 27.97, 18.16, and 10.35%, respectively. Compared to the other three PSCs, BCSB-PSC has the highest thermal denaturation temperature (38.60 °C). Based on FTIR spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) analysis, the extracted PSCs retained the triple helix and secondary structure well. Antioxidant studies showed that in the swim bladders of four species the swim bladder PSC could scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals. Overall, swim bladders from marine and freshwater fish can be utilized as raw materials for collagen extraction, and the extracted collagen has potential commercial applications.     

哈萨克母羊分娩前与胎儿组织器官细菌的多样性

[目的]研究分娩前哈萨克母羊和胎儿组织、肠道内容物及相关器官菌群的多样性.[方法]试验选择5只4岁、胎次相同、健康的妊娠后期母羊,平均体重为(55.64±4.37)kg,安乐死后,分离各组织器官并采集相关样品,用于分析菌群多样性.[结果](1)母羊唾液、小肠内容物及羊水中有较高的多样性,chao1指数分别为1 042....     

基于洛伦茨曲线的吉林西部土地利用结构变化分析

本文应用经济学中的洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数,进行吉林西部土地利用结构变化研究。结果表明：洛伦茨曲线出现了“三近三疏”和基尼系数出现了“三增三减”的现象,这恰好与TM遥感解译结果相符,说明该区未利用地面积增加,水域湿地面积减少,生态环境恶化。因此,本研究结果可作为吉林西部土地资源合理利用及结构调整提供科学依据。     

馆藏结构与读者需求行为分析

通过对图书馆馆藏结构与读者需求的变化和特点进行分析,认为数字化文献应与印刷型文献协调发展;信息系统服务平台建设应与资源建设同步;必须积极构建图书馆数字化文献服务体系。     

套袋对苹果果皮特征的影响

以10年生寒富苹果为试材,进行了不同的套袋(反光膜袋、双层纸袋、塑膜袋)处理,以不套袋果为对照,研究了不同微域环境下寒富苹果果皮的外观特征和解剖结构的特点。结果表明,套反光膜袋能明显提高果实的光洁度,改善果实的着色,果点不明显;套双层纸袋的次之;套塑膜袋和不套袋果实光洁度差,着色过浓,果点多且大,果面粗糙,不利于生产优质果;套不同类型的果袋,果皮解剖结构差异明显,套反光膜袋,角质层变薄,角质层光滑均匀度好,个别处有“V”型凹陷,表皮细胞变大,形状近圆形;套双层纸袋和塑膜袋,角质层均变厚,有较深的“V”型凹陷,表皮细胞形状不规则;不套袋果,角质层较均匀光滑,表皮细胞狭长且小。另外,套袋后,果实的表皮细胞变大且细胞壁变厚,改变了表皮细胞的排列方式,减少了表皮细胞层数,降低了机械组织的厚度及层数。     

向日葵品种叶片组织结构与抗锈病的关系

向日葵锈病是向日葵的重要病害之一,在世界向日葵生产地区普遍发生,给向日葵产业带来巨大的经济损失。本研究通过比较向日葵抗、感锈病品种叶片组织结构的差异,以揭示此类病菌与寄主间的相互作用及其寄主抗病机理,研究结果表明：抗病品种叶片蜡质含量高于感病品种,且栅栏组织双层,排列整齐、紧密,可以抵抗病菌的侵入和扩展,而气孔密度与抗病性没有相关性。