广东蔬菜害虫综合治理研究进展

蔬菜是广东省重要的经济作物，蔬菜产业是广东省农业产业化发展的重要产业之一，在农民增收和农村发展中发挥重要作用。广东省光热水资源丰富，常年温暖湿润，种植业发达，蔬菜种类丰富，可周年栽培，且复种指数高，导致蔬菜害虫连续爆发，常年为害，影响蔬菜产量和质量，制约蔬菜产业的健康发展。以小菜蛾、黄曲条跳甲、棕榈蓟马、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、烟粉虱、温室白粉虱、美洲斑潜蝇、豆荚螟等广东主要蔬菜害虫为对象，概述了蔬菜害虫在广东省发生危害规律和近年来抗药性及其机理研究进展，对广东省重要蔬菜害虫综合治理技术及应用进行综述，并展望了未来蔬菜害虫的研究方向。     

Diallel analysis of sugar composition of 10 vegetable soybean lines

Few studies have evaluated vegetable soybean for sugar content at the green pod stage. Information on combining ability and type of gene action that governs inheritance of seed traits can help breeders to select suitable parents and devise an appropriate breeding strategy. Ten vegetable soybean accessions were crossed in a complete diallel mating design. Parent lines and F₂ and F₃ progenies were evaluated for two nutritional components. In this study, both general and specific combining ability and reciprocal effects were significant for sucrose and total sugar. Cultivars 'Kanrich', 'Pella', 'Verde' and V81-1603 had good general combining ability for high sucrose. In general, high sucrose content was observed in progeny of the early maturity group genotypes 'Kanrich', 'Pella' and 'Verde'. The best combiners for high total sugar content were 'Verde', V81-1603 and PI 399055. These genotypes could serve as genetic sources in a vegetable soybean breeding programme.     

石阡县蔬菜生产现状及发展对策

为改变石阡县蔬菜种植模式,提高蔬菜种植效益,分析了石阡县蔬菜生产现状,以及蔬菜生产存在的问题,提出石阡县今后应从改变思想观念、加强基地建设、提高生产技术、改变经营模式、确保产品安全、扩大销售市场、加大政策扶持等方面着手,充分利用当地现有的优势,积极引进有实力的蔬菜生产加工企业,并培育龙头企业和专业合作组织参与蔬菜生产加工,推动蔬菜产业发展。     

甘肃省葡萄科野生果树资源调查分析

作者采用实地踏查、文献查阅、座谈访问相结合的方法,系统调查记载了甘肃省葡萄科野生果树资源的种类、分布、果实的主要经济性状及其用途,提出了可持续利用的建议。     

Diversity and molecular characterization of novel hemoplasmas infecting wild rodents from different Brazilian biomes

Although hemoplasma infection in domestic animals has been well documented, little is known about the prevalence and genetic diversity of these bacteria in wild rodents. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of hemotrophic mycoplasmas in wild rodents from five Brazilian biomes, assessing the 16S rRNA phylogenetic position of hemoplasma species by molecular approach. Spleen tissues were obtained from 500 rodents, comprising 52 different rodent species trapped between 2000 and 2011. DNA samples were submitted to previously described PCR protocols for amplifying Mycoplasma spp. based on 16S rRNA, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic inferences. Among 457 rodent spleen samples showing absence of inhibitors, 100 (21.9%) were PCR positive to Mycoplasma spp. The occurrence of hemotropic mycoplasmas among all sampled rodents was demonstrated in all five biomes and ranged from 9.3% (7/75) to 26.2% (38/145). The Blastn analysis showed that amplified sequences had a percentage of identity ranging from 86 to 99% with other murine hemoplasmas. The ML phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene of 24 positive randomly selected samples showed the presence of ten distinct groups, all clustering within the Mycoplasma haemofelis. The phylogenetic assessment suggests the circulation of novel hemoplasma species in rodents from different biomes in Brazil.     

雪凝灾害蔬菜改良地膜栽培技术示范及推广

改良地膜栽培技术在贵州蔬菜灾后重建项目实施过程中大大提高了抗灾减灾效果,改良地膜栽培技术的应用在不增加成本的前提下,一方面防冻减灾,使农民在雪灾之年不减收;另一方面,蔬菜产品可提早上市,缩短蔬菜春淡季,确保市场供应.示范的总面积为97.33 hm2,总产量约447万kg,总产值596万元,平均产值达4 082元/667cm2,比普通地膜覆盖栽培增加产值约250元/667m2,取得了较好的经济效益,示范带动效果显著.该技术适宜在贵州的中、低海拔早熟栽培、次早熟栽培中推广应用.     

甘肃野生秦艽分布及生境特点

甘肃省是药用植物秦艽的原产地,境内生长有9个不同的野生种,其中4种为《中华人民共和国药典》规定的正品秦艽,5种为近缘种.主要分布在省内的陇南、陇东、陇中及甘南高原与河西祁连山区的10个市(州)、30多个县境内.共有的生态环境特征是海拔较高,气候较湿润,年均气温较低.     

中国枣种质资源的RAPD分析

利用ＲＡＰＤ技术对枣６４个品种及类型的遗传变异进行了研究。从１２０个１０ｂｐ随机引物中筛选出４０个多态性引物用于正式扩增，共扩增出４９２条ＤＮＡ带，其中多态性ＤＮＡ带２９３条，占５９．５５％，平均每个引物扩增的ＤＮＡ带的数目为１２．３１条。有１３个品种及类型扩增出了１个以上的特有ＲＡＰＤ标记，据此可以进行品种鉴定或早期性状预选。利用ＤＮＡ扩增结果进行聚类分析，把供试的６４个品种及类型分为８类，并对     

天然绿色蔬菜番杏的栽培技术

简述了天然绿色蔬菜——番杏露地及保护地栽培技术及病虫害防治方法。     

对大海林林业局动植物资源的调查及合理利用建议

阐述了野生动物资源、野生植物资源的种类、特点,并提出了对其合理开发利用的建议。