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1.
A field experiment was conducted to find out the critical physiological stages of irrigation schedules inducing better growth, physiological efficiency and seed yield potential of berseem ( Trifolium alexandrinum L., Var. S-99-1). For this purpose eight irrigation treatments were made comprised of four treatments of three irrigation (W1 , W2 , W3 and W4 ), three treatments of four irrigation (W5 , W7 and W8 ) and one treatment of five irrigation (W6 ) at various physiological stages i. e. regeneration, flower initiation, full bloom, seed initiation and advance seed development stage.
Thus based on the experimental results the physiological role of watering in berseem seed production could be discussed as:
With-holding of irrigation either at regeneration or at full bloom stage developed potential water stress in plants as indicated by high proline content of irrigation treatments — W4 , W1 and W7 ; and further brought out disturbance on the formation of carotene, synthesis of water soluble sugar and translocation of sugar towards reproductive organs during grain development stage. These stresses adversely affected the plant growth and flowering behaviour. The irrigation at seed initiation stage increased the seed yield. Continuous irrigation did not appear to be useful. Thus it can be concluded that irrigation at three critical physiological stages i. e. regeneration, full bloom and seed initiation was found to be essential for obtaining potential seed yield of berseem. 相似文献
Thus based on the experimental results the physiological role of watering in berseem seed production could be discussed as:
With-holding of irrigation either at regeneration or at full bloom stage developed potential water stress in plants as indicated by high proline content of irrigation treatments — W
2.
通过对工厂化循环水养殖进水流速的智能调控,可降低饵料残留,避免水质恶化。为此,本研究采用数值模拟方法探究了进水流速对工厂化循环水养殖池流场特性的影响,并基于该研究设计出一套确定进水流速调控的实验方法。首先,通过对比Standard k-ε、RNG k-ε和Realizable k-ε 3种湍流模型及多种壁面函数的仿真效果,确定RNG k-ε模型和标准壁面函数作为仿真配置。同时,针对多相流模型,对欧拉多相流模型和DPM离散相模型进行对比,为提高计算准确性选用DPM离散相模型,并基于上述模型进行网格无关性验证、制定网格划分方案。其次,以大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)养殖为例,模拟不同进水流速下养殖池流场、排污和水温调节的效果。最后,针对仿真结果提出进水流速调控方案。结果显示,日常采用1.0 m/s的进水流速,可有效提高适宜流速区面积并控制水处理成本;投饵前,采用0.2 m/s的进水流速可以解决循环水养殖中存在的饵料浪费问题;进食结束后,采用1.2 m/s的进水流速可快速排出残饵避免水质恶化;水温异常时,采用15 ℃的水、以1.2 m/s的进水流速注水230 s,可使20 ℃的水下降到正常水平,精准化控制水温。采用本研究提出的方法,可针对不同养殖生物和养殖环境设计进水流速智能调控策略,可用于解决循环水养殖过程中饵料浪费、水质变差和水温异常等问题。 相似文献
3.
常规方法对区域农田灌溉短期用水量预测时易出现预测数据误差大,预测过程复杂等现象。设计基于SVM算法对区域农田灌溉短期用水量进行预测。以某沿黄区域位于全景属于黄河流域东南方向一区域农田为研究对象,首先基于SVM算法选择用水量特征,选取一对一的构造方法将农田灌溉短期用水量数据分为两个类别。通过SVM算法中支持向量机分类功能将农田灌溉短期用水量特征子集进行获取,并在此基础上可以根据特征子集通过预测模型进行用水量预测。由于用水量序列波动性较强,将GM(1,N)模型与机器学习算法LSSVR模型相结合来进行用水量预测,并确定模型评价指标。结果证明基于SVM算法的区域农田灌溉短期用水量预测方法误差在允许范围内且在农业中具有可使用性。 相似文献
4.
5.
黄河流域农业水资源优化配置 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
黄河流域水资源供需矛盾日趋尖锐,本文围绕水资源最优利用问题,对黄河流域水资源配置原则,农业水资源在地区之间、作物之间以及作物不同生育阶段之间的合理配置进行了分析、探讨。 相似文献
6.
7.
在介绍玉米淀粉生产工艺流程的基础上,进一步对工艺过程中的水资源利用问题进行探讨。在玉米淀粉的生产过程中,采用水环流工艺可以实现水资源的可持续利用,以提高玉米中淀粉的回收率和商品淀粉的质量。 相似文献
8.
Summary Pot experiments were carried out to study the influence of bulk density (D
b), soil water tension (pF) and presence of plants (spring wheat) on denitrification in a low-humus Bt-horizon of a udalf. Pots of only 5-cm depth were found to be most suitable for the experiments when using the acetylene inhibition method. Almost homogeneous soil compaction between 1.1 and 1.6g soil cm–3 was achieved by a Proctor tamper. Water tensions were adjusted by means of ceramic plates on which negative pressure was applied. No denitrification was detected in unplanted pots. With planted pots and increasing bulk density denitrification increased more in pots with 14-day-old plants than in pots with 7-day-old plants. With 14-day-old plants N2O emission pot–1 increased steadily from 2 mol at D
b 1.1 to 8 mol at D
b 1.6, when soil moisture was adjusted to pF 1.5, although root growth was impaired by higher bulk density. From an experiment with different bulk densities and water tensions it could be deduced that the air-filled porosity ultimately determined the rate of denitrification. When low water tension was applied for a longer period, water tension had an overriding effect on total denitrification. Denitrification intensity, however, i.e. the amount of N2O g–1 root fresh weight, was highest when low water tension was accompanied by high bulk density. The results suggest that the increase in denitrification intensity at oxygen stress is partly due to higher root exudation. 相似文献
9.
河套灌区春小麦高产栽培水氮高效利用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在内蒙古河套灌区解放闸灌域沙壕渠实验站,通过田间试验,对节水灌溉模式(拔节+抽穗2水)和常规充分灌溉模式(分蘖+拔节+抽穗+灌浆4水)下,不同施氮量对春小麦产量形成、水分利用和氮素利用等方面进行了研究.结果表明:2水与4水处理间小麦产量及其构成因素均无显著差异,而水分利用效率(WUE)比4水处理提高7.8%.在较低施氮... 相似文献
10.