水稻细胞质雄性不育性与组织抗氰呼吸关系的研究

抗氰呼吸与雄性不育的关系是近几年植物雄性不育生理生化研究的热点之一。Kuiper曾报道,雄性不育的车前草幼苗根组织与保持系相比具较低水平的抗氰呼吸。随后,夏涛和刘纪麟及Musgrave等分别在玉米、堆心菊(Helenium amarum(Raf.)H.Rock)、披针叶车前草(Plantago     

不同水温浸种对毛蕊铁线莲种子发芽指标的影响

[目的]探讨不同水温浸种对毛蕊铁线莲种子发芽指标的影响,为毛蕊铁线莲种子繁殖提供理论和实践依据。[方法]利用恒温培养箱,经10和15℃（室温条件下的自来水温度,以此作为对照,CK）,20、25、35和45℃的恒温水浸种48 h后,测定毛蕊铁线莲种子发芽率、发芽指数、发芽势及活力指数5个指标。[结果]毛蕊铁线莲种子水温浸种的适宜温度为20℃,其发芽率为80.7%,发芽指数为6.184,发芽势为54.0%,活力指数为9.442。[结论]20℃水温浸种后毛蕊铁线莲种子的各项发芽指标最高。     

花生种子子叶和胚轴发育的差异性及活力的形成

发育中的花生种子子叶和胚轴在内源ＡＢＡ含量和贮藏蛋白合成等方面均有明显的差异性．子叶的发育与种子萌发能力形成有密切关系，胚轴的发育和种子活力的提高高度相关．子叶内存在ＡＢＡ的Ｃ４０途径，胚轴内存在Ｃ１５途径，随着种子的发育，胚轴ＡＢＡ含量迅速提高并可能向子叶转移，ＡＢＡ促进了贮藏蛋白质的合成．     

吸湿-回干和人工老化处理对蕹菜种子发芽的影响

采用培养皿发芽法,研究了吸湿—回干和人工老化处理对蕹菜种子发芽的影响。结果表明,吸湿—回干处理种子10 h,可提高种子活力,促进发芽;蕹菜种子进行短期的人工老化处理,可显著或极显著提高种子活力。     

鱼腥草种茎采后活力变化及快速检测方法研究

目的:研究鱼腥草种茎采后活力变化及种茎活力的快速检测方法。方法:测定种茎保存过程中萌发能力、呼吸速率及氧化还原能力的变化。结果与结论:种茎保存4 d后发芽、发根能力显著下降,基本丧失种茎价值;种茎保存6 d后呼吸速率和氧化还原能力下降显著;用TTC显色和测定呼吸速率等方法可以快速判断种茎的活力大小。     

芝麻种子超干贮藏研究

选用豫芝四号种子为材料，将不同含水量的种子分别密封在室温（20－25℃）和低温（5℃）下贮藏12个月，在室内水分平衡后测定种子的生活力和活力，结果表明，室温下适当干燥能使芝麻种子保持较高活力水平，种子含水量存在一个超干水平临界值，室温贮藏时为3．78％，低温贮藏时为6．01％。     

不同种类Ni~(2+)盐浸种对作物种子活力的影响

[目的]为镍肥的进一步开发利用提供基础理论依据。[方法]以春小麦和樱桃番茄为试材,选取均匀一致、饱满的50~100 g种子,分别置于不同浓度、不同种类的Ni2+盐溶液中浸种6~12 h,研究了3种Ni2+盐(氯化镍、硝酸镍、硫酸镍)浸种对作物种子活力的影响。[结果]适量浓度的Ni2+盐浸种可以促进两种作物种子萌发,促进根系和芽生长,幼苗干物质积累增加。春小麦浸种适宜浓度范围为0~2μmol/L,且因Ni2+盐种类而异;樱桃番茄浸种适宜浓度均为0.5μmol/L,其作用效应大小因Ni2+盐种类和作物品种而异。[结论]相同浓度条件下不同Ni2+盐所产生的生物效应差异可能与Ni2+盐中阴阳离子的加和作用有关。     

Quantitative evaluation of the degree of sprout leaf bending of rice cultivars using P-type Fourier descriptors and principal component analysis

For decades, seedling peaches have been used as the standard rootstock in California almond orchards. Vigorous, deep rooted trees are needed in almond orchards for maximum yields and to withstand the annual tree-shaking at harvest. Currently, researchers are actively evaluating rootstocks for almonds in field trials and in various screening protocols. In this study, seedling rootstocks, obtained from male-sterile advanced generation peach-almond (PEAL) hybrid mother trees, were compared with ‘Nemaguard’ peach seedlings for emergence in the nursery row, trunk caliper at propagation time, and end of season dormant above ground tree weight. Seedling emergence was affected significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by seed source, as was trunk caliper and end of season dormant above ground tree weight. Trunk caliper and dormant above ground tree weight were also affected significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by planting year. Results obtained in this study demonstrate the enhanced first year growth from seedlings of advanced generation PEAL hybrids, as compared to ‘Nemaguard’ seedlings. Seedling emergence in the rootstock bed was not affected significantly by planting year. Advanced generation PEAL hybrid seedlings were ready for June-budding at an earlier date compared to ‘Nemaguard’ seedlings, providing the potential for larger-sized finished nursery stock by the end of the growing season. Due to the male-sterile status of the advanced generation PEAL mother trees, bloom periods of several root-knot nematode resistant rootstock cultivars were examined for their degree of synchronicity with the mother trees. The examined rootstocks and mother trees varied in both chill hour and post-chill heat requirements necessary to effect bloom. ‘Flordaguard’ peach rootstock began bloom in advance of the male-sterile mother trees, whereas the bloom period of ‘Tsukuba No. 4’ occurred well after, suggesting they would not be effective synchronous pollenizers for consistent hybrid seed production. Based on more limited flowering period data, better bloom synchronicity was achieved with a Tsukuba No. 4 X Flordaguard hybrid.     

银杏早实丰产的潜力及施磷,钾肥控制落果的效果

银杏幼树具有良好的早实丰产潜力,而较好的树木长势是其早实丰产的基础。栽植银杏嫁接苗在第９ａ便可进入丰产期,株产可达５ｋｇ。加强肥培管理能促进早实丰产,增施磷、钾肥还可有效地控制银杏幼树的落果。     

不同成熟度玉米种子活力的差异性研究

以玉米自交系48-2和杂交种正红311为材料,应用标准发芽试验法和电导率法研究了不同成熟度玉米种子的活力差异。结果表明,随着种子成熟度的提高,种子活力指数显著提高,电导率则呈降低的趋势。繁殖自交系48-2亲本时,以授粉后50 d采收为佳;而生产正红311杂交种子,则授粉后45d收获即可。