Effects of Supplementing a Basal Diet of Chloris gayana Hay with One of Three Protein-rich Legume Hays of Cassia rotundifolia,Lablab purpureus and Macroptilium atropurpureum Forage on Some Nutritional Parameters in Goats

Growth and digestibility experiments were conducted on growing East African type goats offered Chloris gayana hay supplemented with one of three high-protein (119–128 g CP/kg DM) legume hays, Cassia rotundifolia (cassia), Lablab purpureus (lablab) or Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro), and crushed maize to investigate the feed intake, digestibility, growth and urinary excretion of purine derivatives. Goats in the supplemented groups had higher total dry matter and nitrogen intakes and higher N retention and body mass gains than unsupplemented counterparts. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre were increased by protein supplementation. Animals on supplemented diets had higher fractional outflow rates of particulate matter from the rumen. The production of protein by ruminal microbes and the efficiency of microbial N production were increased by supplementation. It was concluded that a mixture of low-quality grass hay (61.9 CP/kg DM) and either cassia, lablab or siratro hay, and maize grain can provide a productive balanced diet for growing goats.     

Modelling cumulative egg production in laying hens and parent stocks of broiler chickens using classical growth functions

ABSTRACT

1. The objective of the present study is to introduce fresh insight into modelling of egg production by applying classical growth functions to egg production records reported by Aviagen Management Guide to laying hens and the parent stock of broiler chickens.

2. The functions (monomolecular, logistic, Gompertz, Richards and Morgan) were fitted using nonlinear regression procedures of SAS software, and their performance was assessed using goodness-of-fit statistics (coefficient of determination, residual mean squares, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion).

3. Overall, except for the logistic and Gompertz, the growth functions evaluated gave an acceptable fit to the cumulative egg production curves, with the Morgan equation ranking first followed by the Richards equation. The Morgan and Richards equations provided satisfactory predictions of weekly egg yield at different egg production stages, from early to late production, whereas the least accurate estimates were obtained with the logistic equation.

4. In conclusion, classical growth functions proved feasible alternatives to fit cumulative egg production curves of laying hens and parent stock of broiler chickens, resulting in suitable statistical performance and accurate estimates of production.     

Effect of feeding wood kraft pulp on the growth performance,feed digestibility,blood components,and rumen fermentation in Japanese Black fattening steers

This study aimed to examine the effects of feeding kraft pulp (KP) on the growth performance, feed digestibility, and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black fattening steers. Ten Japanese Black fattening steers (aged 26 months) were randomly divided into control and KP groups. The control group (n = 5) was fed concentrate feed without KP, and the KP group (n = 5) was fed concentrate feed containing 10% KP. Both the groups were provided rice straw as roughage. The experiment was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake, daily body weight gain, and nutrient digestibility between both groups. No difference was observed in the ruminal concentrations of volatile fatty acids among the groups. At weeks 8 and 12 after the onset of the experiment, the acetate‐to‐propionate ratio in the ruminal fluid of the KP group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The average daily pH of ruminal fluid and activity of ruminal lipopolysaccharide did not differ between the groups. Our results suggested that the growth performance and feed digestibility in the Japanese Black fattening steers were not influenced by replacing concentrate feed with KP.     

添加苯二氮化合物F89对皖西白鹅生长和代谢性能的影响

利用生理调节剂Ｆ８９提高皖西白鹅的摄食量,加速动物生长。日粮中添加２ｍｇ／ｋｇＦ８９,连续饲喂８～３５日龄皖西白鹅,日摄食量较对照组增加６．０２％,增重提高９．４０％,耗料比下降２．８９％。对育肥期鹅的增重也有明显影响。血液代谢物分析表明：饲喂Ｆ８９后,皖西白鹅血清中葡萄糖和尿酸浓度下降,β－脂蛋白浓度上升。提示Ｆ８９不仅能促进鹅的摄食量,而且可以影响鹅的代谢机能,促进生长     

发酵苹果渣对獭兔生长性能、养分消化率、小肠黏膜形态及分泌型免疫球蛋白A浓度的影响

本试验旨在研究发酵苹果渣对獭兔生长性能、养分消化率、小肠黏膜形态及分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)浓度的影响。试验共选用96只、45日龄的健康獭兔,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只(公母各占1/2)。4组獭兔分别饲喂含0(对照,CK组)、9.6%(A组)、19.2%(B组)和28.8%(C组)发酵苹果渣的试验饲粮。预试期15 d,正试期50 d。结果显示:与CK组相比,C组獭兔平均日增重提高了14.69%(P <0.05),料重比降低了6. 63%(P <0. 05),腹泻率降低了19.64%(P<0.05); C组獭兔饲粮干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质和粗纤维消化率分别提高了6.11%(P<0.05)、5.19%(P<0.05)、7.26%(P<0.05)和13.10%(P<0.05); C组獭兔空肠的绒毛长度和肠壁厚度分别增加了59.82%(P<0.05)和41.83%(P<0.05),同时十二指肠的隐窝深度降低了30.52%(P<0.05)。添加不同水平的发酵苹果渣对獭兔小肠中SIgA浓度无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加28.8%的发酵苹果渣可以通过提高养分消化率,改善小肠黏膜形态来提高獭兔的生长性能,并可降低腹泻率,且对小肠中SIgA浓度无不良影响。     

降低饲粮氮或/和磷含量并添加复合酶对生长猪生长性能、养分消化率和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究降低饲粮氮或/和磷含量并添加复合酶对生长猪生长性能、养分消化率和血清生化指标的影响。试验选择96头体重为(36.0±4.8)kg的生长猪,随机分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复8头猪),分别饲喂不添加复合酶的正常饲粮(对照组)、添加复合酶的低氮饲粮(低氮组)、添加复合酶的低磷饲粮(低磷组)和添加复合酶的低氮低磷饲粮(低氮低磷组),试验期为37d。结果显示:各组间平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。低磷组和低氮低磷组生长猪的磷消化率显著高于对照组和低氮组(P<0.05)。除半胱氨酸(Cys)、蛋氨酸(Met)和酪氨酸(Tyr)的消化率低氮低磷组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)外,其他氨基酸的消化率各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。低氮低磷组生长猪血清中钙含量显著高于对照组和低磷组(P<0.05),4组之间血清中总蛋白、磷、尿素氮含量与碱性磷酸酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,在适量降低生长猪饲粮中氮和磷含量的同时添加复合酶对生长猪的生长性能无显著影响,还可以提高磷的利用效率,减少粪便中氮和磷的排放。     

Regulation of fibroblast growth factor 9 on the differentiation of goat intramuscular adipocytes

It has been found that fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGF-FGFR) signaling can regulate the expression of adipocyte differentiation genes. FGF9 is one of the members of FGFs that mainly binds receptors FGFR2 and FGFR3. FGF9 is highly expressed in the adipose tissue of humans and mice, but there are few reports on the role of FGF9 in goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, this study explored the effect of FGF9 on adipocyte differentiation through cell culture, interference, and overexpression. The expression of receptors FGFR1–FGFR4 in adipocyte differentiation and their effects on differentiation were detected to screen receptor gene of FGF9. Finally, the interaction between FGF9 and the receptor was tested by cotransfection. Our results showed that FGF9 interacts with FGFR2 to inhibit goat intramuscular adipocyte differentiation by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref1), which is a data support for subsequent pathway research.