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991.
Carbon Isotope Discrimination, Leaf Ash Content and Grain Yield in Bread and Durum Wheat Grown under Full-Irrigated Conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Monneveux M. P. Reynolds R. Trethowan J. Peña F. Zapata 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2004,190(6):389-394
Integrative physiological criteria, such as carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and (mineral) ash content (ma) have been found to be very useful, under drought conditions, to elucidate the association between yield gains and variation of photosynthesis‐related traits and orientate future breeding efforts. Information on this association is scarce under irrigated conditions. The relationships between Δ, ma and yield were studied in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) under optimal (drip) irrigation in the arid conditions of north‐west Mexico. Carbon isotope discrimination was analysed on leaves at booting stage and anthesis and on grain at maturity, whereas ash content was measured on the flag leaf at anthesis and maturity. At anthesis, there were differences between bread and durum wheat during grain filling for Δ, but not for ma. No relationship was found between grain yield and Δ. Leaf ash content at anthesis and maturity showed a broad variability within each species and were associated with grain yield. These results suggest that ash content in leaves could be also used as predictive criteria for yield not only under drought, but also under irrigated conditions, particularly when evaporative demand is high. 相似文献
992.
Relationship between Carbon Isotope Discrimination, Ash Content and Grain Yield in Wheat in the Peninsular Zone of India 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
S. C. Misra R. Randive V. S. Rao M. S. Sheshshayee R. Serraj P. Monneveux 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2006,192(5):352-362
Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) and ash content (ma) have been proposed as indirect selection criteria for grain yield in wheat. The associations between Δ, ma and grain yield were found, however, to depend highly on the environmental conditions, the organ sampled and the time of sampling. In this study, carried out in the warm conditions of the Peninsular Zone of India, the relationship between Δ, ma and yield was studied in 30 bread and durum wheat cultivars under residual soil moisture stress (RSMS), post‐anthesis water stress (PAWS) and well‐watered (WW) conditions. Both Δ and ma were analysed in young seedlings (four‐leaf stage), leaves at anthesis and grain at maturity. Ash content was also evaluated in leaves at booting stage and maturity. Grain Δ was lower under PAWS and RSMS than under WW, while seedling and leaf Δ did not significantly differ among water regimes. Grain yield was positively correlated to grain Δ under PAWS and negatively correlated to grain ma under RSMS. A significant positive correlation was noted under RSMS and WW treatments between maLm and grain yield. Ash content in leaf at maturity consequently appears to be a useful indirect selection criterion in environments where Δ does not show any correlation with yield. The results highlight the potential of Δ and ma as indirect selection criteria for wheat yield in the conditions of the Peninsular Zone of India. 相似文献
993.
黄淮麦区小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基及亚基组成与品质性状关系的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对黄淮麦区的77个不同小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基及亚基组成与蛋白质含量和沉降值之间的关系进行了研究,结果表明:Glu-1三位点的亚基等位变异共有13种,A1位点亚基1出现频率最高,为71.05%,亚基2*最低,仅为3.94%;B1位点亚基7 9和7 8相对频率最高,分别为43.42%和31.58%,亚基17 18出现频率最低,为1.32%;D1位点亚基2 12出现频率最高,为52.63%,亚基4 12最低,为3.16%。值得注意的是,优质亚基14 15和5 10,在B1和D1位点分别出现了较高的频率,为10.53%和31.21%。三位点亚基对蛋白质含量的效应分别表示为:1≥2*>Null,14 15≥17 18≥7 8>7>7 9>20≥6 8,5 10>2 12≥4 12。对沉降值的效应分别表示为:2*≥1>Null,14 15≥7 8>7≥17 18>7 9≥20>6 8,5 10>2 12≥4 12。在蛋白质含量水平上,亚基组成1、14 15、2 12,1、7 8、5 10,1、7、5 10和1、7 9、5 10相对较高;在沉降值水平上,亚基组成1、7 8、5 10和1、14 15、2 12相对较高。因此,研究认为三位点分别为1或2*、7 8或14 15、5 10是品质优良的最佳亚基组合。 相似文献
994.
The Deterioration of Eating and Cooking Quality Caused by High Temperature During Grain Filling in Early-Season indica Rice Cultivars 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
L. J. Zhong F. M. Cheng X. Wen Z. X. Sun G. P. Zhang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(3):218-225
The effect of temperature during grain filling on eating and cooking quality of early-season indica rice was investigated by using four cultivars with different amylose content. Starting from flowering stage until maturity, the plants of all cultivars were subjected to two temperature treatments, referred as optimum (mean daily air temperature, 22 °C) and high (32 °C) temperature regimes. The results showed that the effect of high temperature on apparent amylose content and gel consistency in milled rice was cultivar-dependent. Under high temperature, amylose content increased for cv. Jiayu353 and remained little changed for cv. Guangluai4, which had intrinsically higher amylose content, and decreased for cv. Zhefu49 and cv. Jiazao935, which had lower amylose content. By contrast, high temperature reduced or kept stable gel consistency values for cultivars with higher amylose content and increased gel consistency values for those with lower amylose content. Moreover, high temperature significantly increased the gelatinization temperature of all cultivars. Pasting profiles and X-ray diffraction pattern of rice were also affected by temperature. The results suggest that high temperature during grain filling change the component and crystalline structure of starch and result in deterioration of eating and cooking quality for early-season indica rice. 相似文献
995.
转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因水稻种子萌发和苗期耐盐性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用0.0、3.0、5.0g/L NaCl对2个转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因水稻51-22、52-7与受体亲本中花8进行萌发期盐胁迫试验.结果表明,盐胁迫下转基因材料受抑程度小于受体亲本,尤以52-7表现明显.用0.0、3.0、5.0g/L NaCl对51-22、52-7和中花8在幼苗期进行14 d盐胁迫试验.结果表明,低盐胁迫时幼苗受盐害较小,高盐胁迫时转基因材料耐盐性优于受体亲本;在盐胁迫7 d后,转基因材料体内脯氨酸含量明显高于受体亲本,同一品种随盐度增大,脯氨酸含量升高. 相似文献
996.
997.
Summary
Hordeum spontaneum, the wild progenitor of cultivated barley, has previously been examined in various studies as a germplasm resource in breeding for grain protein content and related nutritional traits.The nitrogen content and dry weight of leaf and stem (stem plus sheath) at anthesis, and the final grain size and grain protein content were measured in 33 H. spontaneum and two H. vulgare genotypes. H. spontaneum was generally higher in nitrogen content of leaves and stems, but lower in dry weight at anthesis. Consistent with previous reports, the H. spontaneum genotypes were considerably higher in grain protein than the cultivars. There was wide variation between and within populations of H. spontaneum suggesting that for breeding purposes lines combining high vegetative nitrogen content, dry weight and grain protein content can be selected.Incumbent of the Seagram Chair for Plant Science 相似文献
998.
999.
土壤微生物多样性研究方法综述 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Soil microorganisms play a central role in decomposing organic matter, in determining the release of mineral nutrients, and in nutrient cycling. Recently, extensive studies have focused on soil microbial diversity. However, understanding the diversity of this complex microbial community in the soil environment is a challenging task. Thus, it is important to master and comprehend appropriate methods for studying soil microbial diversity. Concepts of soil microbial diversity and major methods of study are briefly introduced in this paper. Then, the application of biochemical-based and molecular-based techniques in this area, and their advantages and disadvantages are evaluated. Based on recent related research, perspectives for studying microbial diversity in soils are presented. 相似文献
1000.
连续流动式粮食干燥机的仿人智能控制器 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
基于经验模型的经典控制方法和现代控制方法不适合应用于多变量、大滞后和非线性粮食干燥过程。为提高粮食干燥的产品品质,根据连续流动式粮食干燥机的工况特点,研制了一种用于连续流动式干燥机的仿人智能控制器。该控制器包括运行控制级和参数校正级,可对出粮水分进行控制。应用MATLAB对连续干燥机的仿真试验表明,该控制器在超调量、上升时间和调节时间等指标都比常规PID控制有明显改善,对纯滞后时间的变化适应能力强,为干燥机控制系统的设计与实现提供了理论依据。 相似文献