水稻秸秆双轴深埋还田机设计与试验

针对北方寒地稻田在秸秆还田作业时,传统单轴机具难以适应覆有大量秸秆的湿黏土壤条件,作业质量难以满足实际作业需求的问题,设计了一种前轴正旋、后轴反旋的新型水稻秸秆双轴深埋还田机。结合实际农艺要求及土壤运动过程确定前后刀轴中心水平距离650 mm、竖直距离100 mm,并对整机进行配置。运用EDEM仿真软件模拟还田机工作过程,以前进速度、前轴转速、后轴转速为试验因素,以秸秆还田率和机具功耗为评价指标进行正交试验,建立秸秆还田率及机具功耗回归方程。利用Design-Expert分析软件得到最优参数组合,根据仿真优化结果及实际加工需求确定最优工作参数为：前进速度1.5 km/h、前轴转速274.2 r/min、后轴转速219.4 r/min,为后续田间试验提供理论支撑。田间试验结果表明,在留茬高度为15～20 cm、地表秸秆覆盖量为468～578 g/m²、拖拉机前进作业速度为低速1挡(1.5 km/h)时,水稻秸秆双轴深埋还田机还田率为88.7%～91.2%、地面平整度为1.8～2.4 cm、碎土率为97.7%～98.8%、耕深为16.6～19.5 cm,各项指标均满足...     

锡澄运河整治工程双向竖井贯流泵站流道优化及分析

针对锡澄运河整治工程竖井贯流泵站改造的需求,对双向竖井贯流泵装置原型进行了三维定常数值模拟.以泵站竖井流道为研究对象,分析比较了5种不同的竖井流道优化方案,重点分析了正反向运行时竖井流道的内流场特征.结果表明:前移竖井段,将竖井的迎水面的尖角改成圆弧形,并以各个断面的面积作为控制参数改善流态分布较差的断面面积,有助于水...     

对提升机主轴及卷筒制造工艺的探讨

单绳缠绕式提升机在矿山中应用非常广泛。矿井提升机主要用于煤矿、金属矿和非金属矿在倾斜巷道和竖井作提升下降人员及物料之用。因此,主要零件的制造工艺及质量在矿井提升机中是非常重要的。文章主要对单绳缠绕式矿井提升机中的主要零件--主轴以及卷筒的制造加工工艺进行探讨。     

简述遥感资源卫星系统及其应用

遥感资源卫星系统是一种高精度的获取各种地理信息的测量工具，它广泛适用于森林调查，大地测绘，土地资源详查、城市规划等领域，本文较详细地介绍了遥感资源卫星系统的组成及具体的应用情况。     

矿山竖井围岩工程地质评价中的几个重点问题

矿山竖井勘察是一项十分复杂的工程地质勘察,其中地质构造、围岩质量等级、地下水富水性是勘察的重要内容,在勘察时应抓住关键问题进行合理布置工作,准确的分析、计算和评价。     

电力远程自动集中抄表系统

本文主要论述电力远程自动集中抄表系统的构成、特点以及系统的发展前景。     

Sequence comparison and transmission of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Blackcurrant reversion virus</Emphasis> isolates in black,red and white currants with black currant reversion disease and full blossom disease symptoms

We collected samples from black, red and white currants showing symptoms of blackcurrant reversion disease (BRD) and full blossom disease (FBD), cultivated in the Czech Republic. Blackcurrant reversion virus (BRV) was detected in all symptomatic plants. After amplification, a substantial part of the 3′ non-translated region (3′-NTR) of RNA2 of 15 new isolates of BRV was sequenced and compared with sequences available in the literature and GenBank. We did not find significant sequence diversity among isolates associated with either FBD or BRD. BRV was graft-transmitted from FBD infected red currant to black currant where symptoms of BRD were observed. Further sequence analysis of BRV isolates resulted in a phylogenetic tree with four branches, each consisting of six to nine isolates. No correlation with geographic origin was visible on the tree as isolates from various countries occurred in all four branches. We also found no correlation between the host and the topology of the tree: most of black currant isolates occurred in branches 3 and 4, but also occurred in branches 1 and 2. Only one white currant and one red currant isolate occurred in branches 3 and 4, respectively. The sequence identity of the Czech isolates in this region ranged from 91.9 to 99.8%. The 17 plant species growing within and in the close vicinity of the BRD-infested plantation were tested negative for BRV by RT-PCR as natural hosts of BRV. BRV was successfully transmitted by mechanical inoculation from black currant to Nicotiana occidentalis and N. tabacum cv. Xanthi, the latter being a new host for BRV. The infection was confirmed by PCR and sequencing.     

基于液态施肥系统的软管泵的设计与试验

针对目前液态施肥装置的挤压驱动机构寿命低、故障率高、易腐蚀等问题,设计了一种工作稳定、高效运行的用于液态施肥装置的软管泵。对软管泵进行三维建模,利用ABAQUS软件对其泵轴进行动力模态分析,发现泵轴转动频率与其前10阶的固有频率相差较大,不易发生共振。最后,试制软管泵,进行田间试验,结果表明:软管泵在一定压力和频率下,软管泵的流量与频率成正比,高频率下软管泵振幅及脉动较大,低频率下振幅及脉动较小,软管泵不易发生共振且工作性能稳定,排肥量可控、排肥均匀,满足精量棉花膜下滴灌水肥一体化施肥排肥要求。     

354拖拉机与1.5m旋耕机配套性能分析

通过动力特性分析,解决了拖拉机动力输出轴转速高,输出扭矩较小,不能克服土壤对旋耕机的阻力矩,无法正常作业的问题.     

2Ai-2染色体在小麦部分同源染色体代换背景中的遗传

用中间偃麦草2Ai-2染色体特异的EST-PCR标记检测5个小麦-中间偃麦草二体异代换系(包括端体代换系)与普通小麦中国春(CS)杂交后代群体,研究外源染色体2Ai-2通过杂种向后代的传递率及其结构变异,并用基因组原位杂交进行验证。结果表明,第二部分同源群不同染色体代换背景对外源染色体传递的影响不同,在2B代换系的杂种中外源染色体或片段显示优先传递,而在2D代换系的杂种中其传递力则较低,2B代换背景更有利于2Ai-2染色体或片段的传递;外源染色体在杂种后代传递过程中会发生变异,在多数组合中,变异出现在着丝粒处;与短臂相比,外源染色体长臂更容易在世代中丢失;端体代换系中的外源染色体端体在杂种后代传递过程中容易丢失,且也会发生结构变异。基因组原位杂交结果证明了分子标记跟踪外源染色体的可靠性。