中草药抗仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻作用机理的研究

从中草药对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌活性、对热敏肠毒素LT所致结扎肠袢液体蓄积的拮抗作用、对抗药物性腹泻作用、减少炎性渗出及抑制肠蠕动加快等方面,初步探讨了大青叶、板蓝根、连翘、败酱草4 味中草药及其复方配伍抗仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻的作用机理。结果表明板蓝根、连翘、败酱草等及其复方制剂对大肠杆菌O149K88均显示出不同程度的体外抗菌活性;将上述中药提取液加入到细菌培养液中与大肠杆菌一起培养,用所得培养物LT进行兔回肠结扎试验,均可显著或极显著地减少培养物上清液所致肠袢液体蓄积量(P<0 05,P<0 01);将败酱草提取液同LT一起注入结扎肠袢,可显著地减少肠袢液体蓄积量(P<0 05);复方组显著或极显著地降低了蓖麻油引起的腹泻发生率和腹泻频率(P<0 05,P<0 01);板蓝根极显著地抑制了小鼠小肠推进率(P<0 01);败酱草、板蓝根和复方组还可显著或极显著地抑制醋酸所致小鼠腹腔染料渗出(P<0 05,P<0 01)。上述试验结果表明:抑制病原菌的繁殖、拮抗热敏肠毒素的致泻作用、对抗药物性腹泻作用、减少炎性渗出及抑制小肠推进运动是治疗仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻的重要机理,研究结果为临床应用中草药治疗仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻提供了重要理论依据。     

THE ROLE OF PROTECTIVE LEAD CLOTHING IN REDUCING RADIATION EXPOSURE RATES TO PERSONNEL DURING EQUINE BONE SCINTIGRAPHY

Bone scintigraphy is often used in horses because of its sensitivity and noninvasive nature. A 99mTc labeled radiopharmaceutical is injected at a dose of between 5.7 and 7.3GBq. Images are acquired immediately postinjection and 2-4h post. People are often in the room with the horse during the acquisition process. Objectives of this study were to (a) document the radiation exposure rates at different distances from various sites of the horse at varying times post injection and (b) study the usefulness of wearing lead aprons to reduce exposure rates to personnel. Radiation exposure rates were measured in at three distances (at skin surface and at 30 and 100 cm from the skin) from three sites (shoulder, thorax, and pelvis) in 19 horses. Exposure rates were measured with and without shielding by a 0.5-mm lead equivalent apron during both the pool and delayed phases. A 0.5mm equivalent lead apron significantly decreases radiation exposure (P<0.05) at these three distances from the three sites during both image acquisition phases. Mean dose reduction factors from the lead apron range from 3.6 to 5.7.     

中草药对蛋鸡生产性能的影响

通过对比补泻结合的中草药添加剂与市售增蛋类方药以及泻肾类方药对蛋鸡生产性能方面的影响,探索以补泻结合为指导思想的辨证组方在提高蛋鸡的产蛋率,增强蛋鸡免疫机能和抗病力等方面的作用.试验结果表明,该添加剂对产蛋率、饲料转化率等性能均有显著提高.按0.25%、0.50%、1.0%比例添加,产蛋率较对照组提高4.25%、5.4%、6.35%,(P<0.01).     

中西药结合的研究及其在兽医临床上应用

中西药结合在兽医临床上主要用于防治细菌性疾病、寄生虫病、病毒性疾病。通过对中西药合用的理论依据、研发方法、合用配伍以及在兽医临床上的应用现状进行探讨,为今后在兽医临床上应用中西药结合治疗动物疾病提供理论参考。     

唐山市兽药流通管理方面的主要问题与对策

兽药流通环节存在的主要问题是假劣兽药进入市场。本文结合对兽药流通环节监督管理的工作实际,归纳了假劣兽药产品进入唐山市场的六个方面原因,分析了兽药流通管理方面存在的主要问题,从完善兽药管理法律法规、加强兽药监管队伍建设、强化兽药行政执法监管等方面,探讨提出了保证兽药经营环节产品质量的应对之策。     

中草药饲料添加剂对奶牛免疫机能影响的研究

为探讨中草药饲料添加剂对奶牛免疫水平的影响,选择健康奶牛20头作为试验对象,分试验组和对照组,各10头,连续给药7d,测定奶牛的Ea花环形成率、EAC花环形成率、淋巴细胞转化率、红细胞C3b受体花环形成率和IC花环形成率。试验结果显示,试验组奶牛和对照组相比,其免疫机能水平明显提高。     

奶牛复方中草药饲料添加剂对其产奶性能、乳品质和健康的影响

通过奶牛饲喂对比试验,验证奶牛专用中草药饲料添加剂提高其生产性能、改善乳品质及增进奶牛健康的作用.试验结果显示:奶牛精料补充料中添加0.3%(试验1组)、O.6%(试验2组)和O.9%(试验3组)的复方中草药饲料添加剂对提高奶牛产奶量,改善饲料利用率,增进奶牛健康具有显著的作用:1)在试验范围内,随日粮中中草药饲料添加荆添加量的增加,奶牛产奶量增加,试验1、2和3组日均产奶量分别较对照组提高2.89%、3.30%、8.82%,试验3组日均产奶量显著高于对照组和试验1、2组(PO.05);2)全期各组精饲料消耗量随日粮中中草药饲料添加荆添加量的增加而降低,对照组显著高于试验1、2组(P<0.05),极显著地高于试验3组(P相似文献   

Massive pulmonary thromboembolism in six horses

This report involves 6 cases in which medical records and post mortem findings were reviewed leading to the diagnosis of massive pulmonary thromboembolism (MPTE). All horses were mature and MPTE has not been recognised previously as a sequel to generalised systemic illness in mature horses. The clinical data and pathological findings of the cases are reported and the authors conclude that MPTE is an uncommon but important complication of medical and surgical disorders in mature horses. In 3 of the cases, the condition was nonfatal suggesting that some horses having developed PTE survive and the condition may not be recognised in such cases. The incidence of the condition might be higher than supposed.     

不同中草药植物提取物对香蕉枯萎病菌抑菌活性评价

【目的】探究不同中草药提取物对香蕉枯萎病菌的抑菌效果,筛选防治香蕉枯萎病的有效植物资源。【方法】选取大黄、穿心莲等29种中草药,采用乙醇浸提法提取中草药植物中的有效活性成分,应用生长速率法检测各提取物对香蕉枯萎病菌4号生理小种(Foc TR4)的抑制作用,使用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇4种不同极性溶剂对大黄的乙醇粗提物进行分级萃取,利用悬滴法测定提取物对香蕉枯萎病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用,并观察提取物对香蕉枯萎病菌菌丝形态的影响。【结果】29种中草药提取物对Foc TR4的抑菌效果表现出较大差异,大黄、穿心莲、苦参、野菊花4种提取物对Foc TR4的抑菌效果较好,其中大黄提取物的抑制作用最佳,6 mg/mL大黄提取物的抑菌率为48.57%,对菌丝生长的EC₅₀值为6.68 mg/mL,抑制孢子萌发的EC₅₀值为4.60 mg/mL;通过光学显微镜观察,大黄提取物对Foc TR4菌丝具有一定破坏作用,使菌丝产生大量分枝和黏连并造成菌丝生长不均匀等现象;大黄乙醇粗提物的石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇4个萃取组分中,乙酸乙酯萃取组分对Foc TR4...     

后抗时代发酵中药在动物生产中的应用

发酵中药作为饲料添加剂,具有增强免疫力、预防疾病和无抗药性等优点。尤其是在饲料禁抗的情况下,发酵中药作为饲用添加剂有着广阔的发展前景。发酵后的中药液及中药渣兼顾中药药效和益生菌双重健康特性,有效活性成分更容易被动物体吸收利用,这不仅扩大了中药的资源利用度,而且有助于改善养殖环境,促进动物健康生长,减少疾病率,节约养殖成本。在后抗时代,采用植物提取物营养干预畜禽养殖,预防未病,实现动物机体健康是替抗、禁抗的最有效途径之一。在这方面,中药功能饲料添加剂通过由内到外提升机体免疫,提高养殖动物生产性能,符合国家推行绿色发展的理念。综述了畜禽养殖中发酵中药作为饲料添加剂的应用现状,为今后发酵中药在畜禽养殖业中的应用研究提供参考。