法氏囊活性肽BP7调节鸡未成熟B细胞的基因表达谱及功能分析

试验旨在探索法氏囊活性肽BP7调节鸡未成熟B细胞的分子基础.利用BP7刺激禽前B淋巴细胞DT40细胞,采用荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测IgM的mRNA水平,并采用基因芯片分析基因表达谱及其生物学功能.结果 显示,BP7刺激的DT40细胞产生IgM的mRNA水平明显升高.基因芯片分析发现,BP7处理的DT40细胞中共有...     

青海黄牛血清运铁蛋白多态性研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对１００头青海黄牛的血清运铁蛋白多态性进行了研究。结果发现：青海黄牛血清运铁蛋白位点存在ＴＦ￣Ａ，ＴＦ￣Ｂ，ＴＦ￣Ｄ１，ＴＦ￣Ｄ２，ＴＦ￣Ｆ，ＴＦ￣Ｅ６个等位基因，总共构成１３个基因型。与国内１２个品种黄牛的遗传距离和聚类分析表明，青海黄牛与蒙古牛的亲缘关系最近（Ｄｍ＝０．１１７８）。     

山羊ACSS2基因的克隆、序列分析及组织表达研究

本研究旨在对山羊乙酰辅酶A合成酶2（acetyl-CoA synthetase 2,ACSS2）基因进行克隆和生物信息学分析,并检测其在山羊不同泌乳时期乳腺组织中的表达量变化。以山羊乳腺组织RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR方法扩增并克隆山羊ACSS2基因完整CDS区序列,对测序结果进行生物信息学分析,并对ACSS2基因在山羊不同泌乳时期乳腺组织中的表达量进行分析。结果显示,山羊ACSS2基因CDS区序列长2 106 bp,编码701个氨基酸;山羊ACSS2基因与牛、马、人、犬、猪、小鼠和鸡的同源性分别为97.8%、92.0%、91.3%、91.3%、91.1%、88.1%和73.3%。蛋白理化性质分析结果表明,ACSS2蛋白分子质量为78.72 ku,理论等电点为6.03,属于酸性蛋白;跨膜结构和信号肽分析表明,ACSS2蛋白不含跨膜结构和信号肽;结构域分析表明,该蛋白含有1个乙酰辅酶A合成酶N端结构域。亚细胞定位分析结果表明,该蛋白主要分布在内质网（44.4%）、线粒体（33.3%）、细胞质（11.1%）和细胞核（11.1%）中。蛋白质结构预测发现ACSS2蛋白含有α-螺旋（29.10%）、延伸链（21.54%）、β-转角（9.84%）及无规则卷曲（39.52%）。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,ACSS2基因在不同泌乳时期均有表达,其中在泌乳中期表达量最高,在干奶期表达量最低。本试验结果为进一步研究山羊ACSS2基因在脂质代谢过程中的功能及转录调控机制提供了参考。     

三种猪Ⅰ型干扰素基因的克隆与序列分析

根据GenBank中收录的三种猪Ⅰ型干扰素（porcine interferon,pIFN）基因序列,设计了3对特异性引物。运用RT—PCR技术从长白猪外周血淋巴细胞总RNA中扩增得到了三种猪干扰素基因,并将其克隆至pGEM-T Easy载体上。序列测定结果显示,获得的猪干扰素α1基因序列全长570bp,编码189个氨基酸,获得的猪干扰素α2基因序列全长540bp,编码179个氨基酸,获得的猪干扰素β基因序列全长563bp,编码186个氨基酸。三种猪Ⅰ型干扰素基因与已知猪Ⅰ型干扰素核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列的相似性最高可达99％～100％。     

日本结缕草ZjNAC1的克隆、转录激活活性、亚细胞定位及表达分析

采用RACE技术从日本结缕草中克隆得到ZjNAC1转录因子(GenBank No. MH428376),其开放阅读框为945bp,编码314个氨基酸。ZjNAC1编码的蛋白在N端有1个典型的NAM保守结构域,属于NAC转录因子家族。通过染色体步移的方法,获得ZjNAC1基因ATG上游1635bp序列,分析发现其包含响应脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)及逆境胁迫的作用元件。构建pGBKT7-ZjNAC1载体,转化Y2HGold酵母感受态细胞,发现ZjNAC1具有转录激活活性。农杆菌介导的35S-ZjNAC1-YFP载体注射本生烟草叶片瞬时表达结果显示,ZjNAC1定位于细胞核。实时荧光定量结果表明,ZjNAC1在日本结缕草根中表达量最高;此外,ZjNAC1的表达受10μmol/L MeJA和20%PEG4000处理的诱导,但受200μmol/L乙烯(ET)、10μmol/L ABA和300mmol/L NaCl处理的抑制。     

Understanding stakeholders’ opinions and preferences for non-native pet trade management in Florida

There is growing recognition of the link between the non-native pet trade and the introduction and establishment of invasive species due to the release and escape of non-native pets. However, it is unclear whether participants in the pet trade recognize the magnitude of this invasion risk. Successful mitigation of the pet trade invasion risk requires stakeholder support for, and participation in, regulations. We conducted 29 interviews in Florida to investigate key stakeholders’ opinions about the pet trade invasion risk and the effectiveness of potential regulations to mitigate this risk. Respondents framed the effectiveness of regulations in terms of their feasibility. Respondents also identified lack of trust and the existence of an adversarial relationship among stakeholder groups as major barriers to managing the pet trade invasion risk. Compliance with regulations may be improved if policy makers and managers utilize participatory decision-making to engage stakeholders in management of this risk.     

Cloning of Buffalo AQP9 Gene and Analysing its Expression in the Buffalo Tissues

Cloning buffalo AQP9 gene and analyzing its expression in buffalo tissues.A pair of primers was designed according to the released bovine AQP9 sequences in GenBank,which was used to clone buffalo AQP9 gene.The AQP9 gene was amplified by RT-PCR,whose nucleotide sequence and protein structure were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The expression of AQP9 in buffalo tissues was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR.The expression of AQP9 gene in buffalo ovary and testis tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining method.The results showed that the cloned ORF length of buffalo AQP9 gene was 888 bp,which coded 295 amino acids.The results of multiple sequence comparison showed that the nucleotide sequence of buffalo AQP9 shared 99%,90%,97% and 88% homologeous compared with that of Bos taurus,Sus scrofa,Ovis ariessis and Homo sapiens,respectively,while shared 99%,86%,97%,83% homologeous for amino acids,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AQP9 gene was highly conservative in the evolutionary process.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that AQP9 gene expressed in buffalo liver,lung,brain,skin,testis and ovary tissues with different levels,had the most abundant expression in liver,followed by in skin and testis,less observed in lung and ovary.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of AQP9 protein varied with the development of buffalo ovarian tissue,and gradually enhanced with follicle development.In testicular tissue,AQP9 protein expressed in spermatocyte and leydig cells of developmental stage testis.These results indicated that we had successfully cloned buffalo AQP9 gene sequences.The expression and its function of AQP9 in buffalo ovaries and testes might play an important role in follicle development and spermatogenesis.     

Qualitative risk assessment of routes of transmission of the exotic fish parasite Gyrodactylus salaris between river catchments in England and Wales

Gyrodactylus salaris is a freshwater, monogenean ecto-parasite of Atlantic-salmon. Infection of its natural host, the Baltic strain of Atlantic-salmon, is inapparent. G. salaris also can infect rainbow-trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) permanently, and cause infection of ≤50 days in several other species. It is only on Atlantic stocks of Atlantic-salmon (Salmo salar) that the parasite multiplies unchecked by an immune response, causes death in juveniles and dramatic reductions in wild populations. In Norway, the parasite has been introduced into 45 rivers, resulting in reductions in Atlantic-salmon stocks of up to 98%. It is probably the most-important exotic fish-disease threat to the UK. We used risk analysis to assess the most-important routes of spread for G. salaris between rivers in England and Wales. The movement of live rainbow-trout was identified as the most-important route of transmission; this route is likely to lead rapidly to the wide geographic spread of the parasite. The movement of other species of fish (especially from sites holding rainbow-trout) is also an important risk. Other routes of spread (including mechanical transmission on farm equipment and vehicles, angling equipment, canoes, etc.) might allow limited local spread (mainly to neighbouring rivers).     

偃麦草种质资源外部性状变异及其形态类型的初步研究

对41份偃麦草Elytrigia repens种质资源的16个外部性状变异及其分布规律进行研究,并在对16个指标性状进行相关分析及主成分分析的基础上,对34份材料进行聚类分析。结果表明,偃麦草种内形态指标变异较大,变异系数为4.88%～33.30%,其中叶层高度变异系数最大,达33.30%,其次为旗叶长(26.03%),而种子宽度、种子长度、种子厚度、颖长、叶长变异较小,均在10.0%以下;海拔高度与偃麦草生殖枝高呈显著正相关(P0.01),与颖长呈显著负相关(P0.01),而在纬度上的相关性却呈现相反趋势;经度仅与穗下第1节间长呈显著正相关(P0.01);在对外部性状相关分析及主成分分析的基础上,通过聚类分析,在欧氏距离5.0处,34份偃麦草材料可被划分为高大型、偏高大型、特殊型、低矮型4个类型,且特殊型和低矮型均具有开发为草坪草的潜能。