中国竹文化及竹文化旅游研究的现状和展望

竹子对中国历史文化、文学艺术、绘画艺术、工艺美术、园林艺术和音乐文化、宗教文化、民俗文化等产生了巨大影响。系统深入研究竹文化对促进精神文明的发展、发扬光大中华民族优良传统、发展特色旅游产业等都具有重要意义。通过对中国竹文化现状的研究，即从文明发展、哲学、专业、生产和艺术等不同角度研究了竹文化的理论和成果，提出和探讨了我国竹文化研究应重视少民族竹文化的发掘种保护、与发展特色旅游产业相结合、开展典型竹文化区研究和区域性竹文化旅游发展规划等问题，包括东亚（中国江南）“毛竹文化”区、东南亚（中国云南）“少数民族竹文化”区、喜马拉雅“高山竹文化”区和拉丁美洲“瓜多竹文化”区。     

非洲紫罗兰的组织培养

以非洲紫罗兰叶片切块为外植体，用MS作基本培养基，添加不同浓度的6-BA、NAA等进行诱导分化、增殖、生根培养和过渡炼苗。其中以MS 6-BA0．5—1．0mg／L NAA0．2培养基作诱导增殖培养基较好；生根则采用MS培养基；过渡移栽基质为3：2的腐叶土和珍珠岩，成活率可达90％以上。     

巨桉优良无性系组培及区域试验

通过对巨桉11个优良无性系组培快繁研究,结果表明,巨桉外植体诱导以B1为基本培养基添加激素BA 0.4 mg.L-1和NAA 0.1～0.5 mg.L-1,诱导外植体最佳,诱导率可达79%以上;丛芽苗增殖调节培养基中激素浓度和基本培养中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe的浓度配比使其芽体健壮,加快繁殖速度;生根培养以B2为基本培养基添加ABT 0.5 mg.L-1+IBA0.1～0.5 mg.L-1生根率可达80%以上;组培苗移栽基质选用泥炭土和竹炭肥,成活率达90%以上。区域试验表明:巨桉是较理想的速生耐寒桉树树种,可耐寒-4℃左右。     

Contamination and browning in tissue culture of Platanus occidentalis L.

Twigs of 2–3-year-old Platanus occidentalis L. were used as experimental material to find the causes for the contamination and browning in the initial stages of tissue cultures. To compare the degree of browning of explants picked off from different growing seasons, the experimental material was excised from trees on each of the first ten days in January, March, May and July, 2006. The results indicated that the contamination and browning rates of the material cut off in January (14.2% and 30.6%, respectively) and March were somewhat lower than those in July. The pretreatment of soaking the explants in different anti-oxidants and absorbents at the same time could diminish some side effects. The pretreatment of using 10 g·L–1 vitamin C reduced the contamination and brown-ing rate effectively. An orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal factor and level arrangement is 0.5 mg·L–1 BA, 2.0 g·L–1 ac-tive carbon and 1.5 g·L–1 PVP which resulted in a browning rate of only 16.5%. In general, sampling period, physical properties and pretreatment of explants are the main factors responsible for the contamination and browning of material in the initial stages of P. occidentalis tissue cultures.     

应用正交设计进行矮牵牛组培苗生根条件的筛选

采用正交设计方法对矮牵牛组培苗生根的条件进行筛选。试验表明1/2MS+BA 0.1 mg.L-1+IBA 0.8 mg.L-1+NAA 3.0 mg.L-1,蔗糖30 g.L-1的培养基对矮牵牛组培苗生根最有利。     

降压草的组织培养技术研究

以白城市林业科学研究院选育的新品种降压草2号为试材,利用其带芽茎段进行组织培养,筛选降压草组织培养程序及培养基配方。结果表明:适宜的腋芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg L-1+NAA0.1mg L-1,适宜的增殖培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg L-1+NAA0.5mg L-1+IAA0.1mg L-1。     

兽药广告宣传中的中西方文化差异分析

介绍了中西方兽药广告宣传的各种表现形式,分析了中西方文化差异对兽药广告宣传的影响,提出了我国兽药广告宣传在融合中西方文化的同时,要多学习西方优秀作品的创意,使之相互融合、相互渗透的发展建议,从而推动我国优秀的兽药企业及兽药产品走向世界。     

Suppression of influenza virus infection by the orf virus isolated in Taiwan

Orf virus (ORFV), a member of parapoxvirus, is an enveloped virus with genome of double-stranded DNA. ORFV causes contagious pustular dermatitis or contagious ecthyma in sheep and goats worldwide. In general, detection of viral DNA and observing ORFV virion in tissues of afflicted animals are two methods commonly used for diagnosis of orf infection; however, isolation of the ORFV in cell culture using virus-containing tissue as inoculum is known to be difficult. In this work, the ORFV (Hoping strain) isolated in central Taiwan was successfully grown in cell culture. We further examined the biochemical characteristic of our isolate, including viral genotyping, viral mRNA and protein expression. By electron microscopy, one unique form of viral particle from ORFV infected cellular lysate was demonstrated in the negative-stained field. Moreover, immunomodulating and anti-influenza virus properties of this ORFV were investigated. ORFV stimulated human monocytes (THP-1) secreting proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α. And, pre-treatment of ORFV-infected cell medium prevents A549 cells from subsequent type A influenza virus (IAV) infection. Similarly, mice infected with ORFV via both intramuscular and subcutaneous routes at two days prior to IAV infection significantly decreased the replication of IAV. In summary, the results of a current study indicated our Hoping strain harbors the immune modulator property; with such a bio-adjuvanticity, we further proved that pre-exposure of ORFV protects animals from subsequent IAV infection.     

青藏铁路植被恢复和“黑土型”退化草地治理的实践与启示

由于高、寒和旱的独特特点,青藏高原生态系统具有特殊的环境敏感性和脆弱性。近年来,工程扰动、放牧等人类活动的加剧对青藏高原生态系统稳定性的影响日渐凸显,集中表现为植被退化、土壤贫瘠化和水土流失加剧等。目前,为了尽可能避免人类活动对生态系统造成的负面影响,遏制生态环境的进一步恶化,已采用了多种方式和手段进行环境保护和植被恢复。本研究以青藏铁路工程植被恢复和"黑土型"退化草地治理两个典型案例为例,总结了青藏高原进行植被恢复的经验,提出了青藏高原植被恢复的基本原则和注意事项,对今后青藏高原工程扰动和草地退化后进行植被恢复具有指导意义。