辣椒夏季品比试验报告

为了考察我公司新推广品种及新配组合在高温伏旱状况下的适应性，我们于2003年5月7日在公司试验基地进行了品种对比试验。结果表明新推广品种中有九个品种或组合为极耐热或耐热，一个品种耐热性稍差。新配组合中部分表现优良，有推广前景。     

Narbon Vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.): A Potential Feed Legume Crop for Dry Areas in West Asia

Provision of feed supplies for the rapidly growing livestock population is essential in West Asia. Shortages can be alleviated by growing forage crops in the existing fallow lands.
Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) is a leguminous species with high yield potential, drought tolerance and cold resistance. It could be used for grain and straw production as source for animal feed in dry areas. It is good source of protein with seeds contain 28 % protein yielding 364 kg per hectare protein, whilst straw contains 9 % protein and yields a similar amounts of digestible protein per hectare.
Nine promising lines of Narbon vetch developed at ICARDA were tested at two sites over four years under rainfed conditions. Since climatic conditions were considered to be of considerable importance, each site in each year was treated as a separate environment to give eight environments with annual rainfall varied from 195 to 504 mm.
Narbon vetch possessed high seedling vigour with rapid winter growth and negligible cold damage. Grain yield varied form 0.47 to 1.90 t/ha, with a harvest index varying from 30 to 40 %. The data indicated that below 300 mm rainfall the grain yield varied from 0.47 t/ha when rain fall was 195 mm to 1.4 t/ha when rainfall was 245 mm. Most of the lines had wide adaptation to dry areas in terms of both grain yield and stability. Climate, except early spring rains had little effect on biological and grain yields.     

The Effect of Lead and Zinc on Plant Growth and Chlorophyll Content of Holcus lanatus L.

Root length of Holcus lanatus L. declined rapidly with increasing lead and zinc concentrations in nutrient solution. In all used Pb and Zn concentrations root growth of genotypes coming from a Pb-Zn mine area, was greater than that of the control, suggesting that these genotypes evolved tolerance to Pb and Zn.
Negative correlation was also observed between chlorophyll content and increased heavy metal concentrations. The greater chlorophyll content found in tolerant genotypes, in different Pb and Zn concentrations, in comparison with the control, could be served to distinguish tolerant and non-tolerant genotypes.     

水稻耐盐机理的研究Ⅲ.不同基因型对NaCl吸收和运转的动力学比较

本文应用动力学研究方法比较了具有不同耐盐性的3组共6个水稻基因型对NaCl吸收和运转的差异,结果表明,在外部低NaCl浓度(0.1mmolL~(-1)时,水稻对Na~+的吸收为被动吸收,耐盐基因型对Na~+的吸收速率显著低于盐敏感基因型;对Cl~-的吸收为主动吸收,不同耐盐性基因型吸收Cl~-的动力学参数(V_(?)、K_(?))差异不显著,在外部高NaCl浓度(50mmolL~(-1))时,耐盐基因型对Na~+和cl~-的吸收速率均低于对应的盐敏感基因型。耐盐基因型水稻的Na~+、cl-从根部向地上部的运转率低于对应的盐敏感基因型,这种差异在高盐浓度时更为明显。表明了耐盐基因型水稻地上部对NaCl的排斥作用是吸收控制和运转控制共同作用的结果,使地上部Na~+、Cl-含量相对降低而显出较高的耐盐性。     

铜在狐尾藻中的积累及亚细胞分布和化学形态

为探索狐尾藻对重金属铜的积累和耐性机制,本研究通过水培试验,研究不同浓度铜处理（0、20、50 mg·L^-1）对狐尾藻（Myriophyllum spicatum L.）生长生理特性以及叶片表皮细胞形态的影响,分析各器官中铜吸收转运及铜在各组织器官亚细胞中的分布和化学形态。结果表明：各浓度铜处理下狐尾藻均能存活,但铜浓度高于50 mg·L^-1时,狐尾藻根、茎、叶生物量相比对照（铜 0 mg·L^-1）处理降低53.48%、36.99%和32.22%。铜处理后,狐尾藻根、茎和叶铜含量分别为11.81~186.34、1.32~7.89、2.11~11.99 mg·kg^-1,根系中铜含量均高于叶片和茎部。铜在狐尾藻中的亚细胞分布主要位于根、茎、叶的细胞壁部分（36.49%~49.61%、45.44%~49.92%、41.45%~55.92%）,其次是可溶性组分（21.65%~25.99%、23.03%~27.65%、18.01%~34.63%）。狐尾藻中铜的赋存化学形态以盐酸提取态、醋酸提取态和乙醇提取态为主,所占比例为76.34%~86.67%,均是活性较低的形态。因此,狐尾藻是铜富集较好的植物,其根部的耐性大于茎、叶。铜以吸附态或蛋白质、果胶酸盐等低活性形态赋存于细胞壁或可溶性组分（液泡）中是狐尾藻积累和耐受铜的重要机制。     

桂花OfWRKY120基因鉴定及盐胁迫响应功能研究

【目的】根据前期基因家族鉴定分析得到OfWRKY120,对该基因盐胁迫响应的功能进行分析,为桂花盐胁迫下的调控机制研究奠定基础。【方法】利用生物信息学方法对OfWRKY120保守结构域、系统进化进行分析,并采用qRT-PCR技术研究盐胁迫下OfWRKY120在桂花叶片中的相对表达量。构建OfWRKY120超表达载体,使用亚细胞定位、酵母自激活检测等探究其特性,将该基因瞬时转化本氏烟草后,对烟草进行盐处理,利用DAB、NBT染色和相关生理指标的测定,解析瞬时转化OfWRKY120对本氏烟草耐盐性的影响。【结果】OfWRKY120基因全长为1 422 bp,编码474个氨基酸,存在WRKY superfamily保守结构域。盐胁迫能够激活桂花叶片中OfWRKY120的表达,在72 h时相对表达量最高,与对照有显著差异。亚细胞定位结果表明,OfWRKY120定位于细胞核。酵母自激活结果显示OfWRKY120无自激活活性。盐胁迫后,OfWRKY120瞬时过表达植株的超氧阴离子(O^-₂·)和脯氨酸含量显著高于空载对照,且DAB和NBT染色表现出更深的颜色。本氏烟草中的qRT-PCR结果显示,OfWRKY120显著降低了NbCAT的表达,而显著提高了NbP5CS1、NbP5CS2和NbP5CR的表达。【结论】OfWRKY120过表达增加了盐胁迫下本氏烟草中活性氧（ROS）的含量,导致植物对盐胁迫的敏感性提高。     

Response of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to linuron

Dry bean producers in Ontario, Canada, have few herbicide options available for annual broad-leaved weed management and there is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to linuron. The tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to the pre-emergence (PRE) application of linuron at the rates of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹ was evaluated in field studies conducted in 2005 and 2006 at Exeter and in 2006 at Ridgetown, Ontario. The four market classes differed in their response to linuron. Cranberry and kidney bean were more tolerant to the PRE application of linuron than black and white bean. Linuron applied PRE caused as much as 12% injury in cranberry and kidney bean, 47% injury in black bean, and 56% injury in white bean. Linuron applied PRE at 500–2500 g ai ha⁻¹ had no effect on the height of cranberry and kidney bean but decreased the height by 7, 8, and 15% in black bean and by 10, 13, and 23% in white bean at 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹, respectively. Linuron applied PRE at the rates evaluated did not cause any adverse affect on the yield of cranberry, kidney, and white bean but black bean yield was reduced by 16% at 2500 g ai ha⁻¹. Based on these results, there is not an adequate margin of crop safety for the PRE application of linuron in black and white bean at rates >1000 g ai ha⁻¹. However, there is a potential for the use of linuron PRE for weed management in cranberry and kidney bean at the rates evaluated.     

中国结缕草属植物抗盐性评价

根据形态分类和地理分布选择36份代表性结缕草属种质,在0%、0.2%、0.5%、1%、2%和4%NaCl浓度下砂培的抗盐实验结果表明,结缕草属种质在0.5%NaCl浓度以下除少数日本结缕草种质外基本不受盐害,大部分能抗1.0%NaCl浓度胁迫,在2.0%NaCl浓度以上则大部分种质受害,表明结缕草属种质具有较强的抗盐性;除少数外,其他种质的抗盐性都不如狗牙根品种"爬地青";这种抗盐性有较大的变异,这种变异首先来自于种间差异,其次来自于该种质地带性分布的土壤状况,如生长于海边或者滨海地区盐碱地的种类则抗盐性好。结缕草属种质的这种抗盐性与叶片长度、宽度以及叶面被毛情况呈高度负相关,但这种相关不体现在日本结缕草和中华结缕草种内。根据耐盐系数值,可将供试36份种分成高抗、中抗、抗和敏感4种类型。     

Type 2 diabetes mellitus with pancreatic β cell dysfunction in 3 horses confirmed with minimal model analysis

Reasons for performing study: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diagnosed rarely in equine practice although it may be under‐recognised. A greater awareness of the condition and therapeutic considerations would be to the benefit of such cases presenting in practice. More investigation into the pharmacological management of these cases is needed. Objectives: Three cases of diabetes mellitus were investigated using a specific test for insulin sensitivity and pancreatic β cell function in order to define accurately and characterise the existence of T2DM in all 3 subjects. Methods: The insulin‐modified frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test was performed in each case and the data so obtained were subject to minimal model analysis of insulin‐glucose dynamics. Cases were then monitored following treatment using a combination of dietary modification, metformin, glibenclamide and pergolide. Results: Marked insulin resistance was identified in each case and, furthermore, severe pancreatic β cell dysfunction was present therefore classifying each case as end stage T2DM. Treatment was nevertheless associated with restoration of normoglycaemia in all cases. Conclusions: T2DM in horses may be more common than generally considered. In some cases individuals may respond to therapy aimed at restoring insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function. Drugs used in other species for the treatment of T2DM have not yet been adequately tested in horses. Potential relevance: T2DM should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in mature to elderly horses and ponies suffering from weight loss, polydipsia and polyuria. Clinicians should be encouraged to offer treatment and management advice when such cases are encountered.