引进俄罗斯杨树新品种硬枝扦插生根能力研究

高加索白杨、N12、N2、N21和SL-1在硬枝扦插生根率、生根数、生根根长和生根指数上存在显著差异。生根能力综合分析表明,N21的硬枝扦插生根率、生根数、生根根长和生根指数指标均优,其中生根根长和生根指数均优于对照品种小黑杨,说明其硬枝扦插生根能力最强。     

白刺枝叶生长对人工模拟降雨的响应

为揭示未来降水增加对荒漠地区植物生长的影响,以甘肃民勤的典型荒漠优势植物白刺为对象,研究白刺枝叶形态在2010年和2011年不同人工模拟降雨处理(增雨量分别为多年平均降水量的+0%、+25%、+50%、+75%、+100%)的变化规律。结果表明:100%增雨处理能够显著促进2010年和2011年白刺当年生枝叶生长;75%增雨处理显著促进2011年白刺当年生枝叶生长,75%增雨处理对6月花枝长度、基部直径、新生叶片和营养枝长度、新生叶片,以及9月花枝成熟叶片和营养枝基部直径、成熟叶片增长量的影响均显著,其值分别为(1.20±0.35)cm、(0.012±0.004)cm、(4.35±2.51)片、(1.65±0.69)cm、(3.20±1.45)片、(2.15±0.69)片、(0.013±0.006)cm、(2.20±1.10)片。2011年白刺当年生花枝和营养枝的长度、基部直径、新生叶片和成熟叶片增长量出现显著差异的阈值均低于2010年,这表明白刺能够通过改变其枝叶形态特性及其数量来适应降雨的变化。     

Rooting of juvenile succulent cuttings from haif‐sib families of Picea abies

Leader shoots from juvenile succulent Norway spruce seedlings were used as cuttings 11 weeks after sowing. The seedlings were grown for 6 additional weeks and then apically dominant and lateral shoots were also used as cuttings. These three cutting categories, leaders, dominants and laterals, rooted 99.4, 99.0 and 97.5 % respectively and performed differently with respect to rooting development, number of roots per cutting and response to IBA and PIBA treatments (synthetic auxins). A large individual variation in number of roots per cutting, which auxin treatments did not reduce, was present within each cutting categoty. Laterals from the three different families included in the study showed a different variation than did leaders and dominants. Generally, the juvenile succulent cuttings were easy to root. Seedlings grown at a rather high light intensity (62 W/m²) had the potential to give good rooting even without hormonal treatments.     

Rejuvenation of juvenile growth characters in picea abies

Cuttings were made from six‐year‐old seedlings of Picea abies L. (Karst.) that had been studied in the Stockholm phytotron. The seedlings belonged to four full‐sib families, one being of French origin, one of North‐Swedish origin and two being hybrids between parents of North‐Swedish and French origin. Nine clones from each family were included. After the rooting phase, the cuttings were exposed to the same cultivation regimes as the seedling ortets. Characteristics of growth rhythm, percentage free growth and leader length were recorded during the 2nd to the 5th growth period (GP). Plagiotropic growth habit was recorded in the 3rd to the 5th growth period, and, characteristics of the rooting phase were studied. A juvenile behaviour very similar to that characterizing growth periods 2–3 of the seedlings was observed for growth rhythm characteristics and for free growth capacity during GP2 of the cuttings. The absolute value of the differences between each observation of the seedling ortets in GP6 and the means of the cuttings in GP2 produced a new variable that quantified the degree of rejuvenation. This new variable was meaningfully calculated only for growth rhythm and growth pattern variables. A gradual reversion of the growth rhythm occurred for the cuttings, which corresponded to the change with increasing age for the seedlings. The capacity for free growth, on the contrary, disappeared already in GP3 for the cuttings, except for the French family. A large variation in the rejuvenation ability between families was observed. Furthermore, the rejuvenation ability was negatively correlated with the ability to grow plagiotropically.     

北美香柏插穗生根过程中营养物质的变化

以北美香柏嫩枝插穗为材料,用ABT2和GGR6处理插穗,以清水处理为对照,研究扦插生根过程中营养物质的变化。结果表明:各处理的插穗,在其生根过程中可溶性总糖含量变化趋势较为相似,在根诱导期和伸长期出现峰值。ABT2处理的插穗可溶性总糖含量较高,对照的含量相对较低,推测可溶性总糖对生根起促进作用。插穗氮含量在生根过程中整体呈下降趋势,对照的氮含量高于其他处理,可能是低氮的条件更有利于生根。C/N值的变化趋势与可溶性总糖一致。可溶性总糖、C/N值与生根率的灰色关联度分析表明,可溶性总糖和C/N值可能是调控插穗生根的主要因子,且在根诱导期和伸长期作用明显。     

Rooting Success of Cuttings from Young Picea abies in Transition to Flowering Competent Phase

Abstract

Abundant flowering occurred in a central Swedish trial with 10-yr-old Picea abies L. (Karst.) cuttings, taken on 4-yr-old seedlings. Large deviations in cone-set between clones were assumed to reflect different stages in transition from juvenile to flowering competent phase. Rooting success and first-yr growth performance (leader length, leader origin and plagiotropic growth) were studied on cuttings originating from the upper and lower parts of the crown in 15 clones with heavy cone-set and 15 clones without cones. Twigs from the lower part of the crown had a significantly higher rooting percentage. Cone-set did not have an effect on any of the variables analysed. The results suggest that flowering ability and rooting capacity are independent age-related processes, implying that selection for high rooting capacity in clonal forestry does not reduce flowering competence. The results will have a great impact on breeding of P. abies, since both early flowering and high rooting ability are important traits for reducing the turnover time of the breeding cycle.     

仁寿血防疫区人工种植益母草构型分支与生物量配置

本文研究了仁寿兴林抑螺示范区抑螺植物益母草的生长与结实特性。益母草存在基部优先与顶部优先两种构型,前者适应于肥沃生境,而后者适宜贫瘠生境。埂边生境高度较大(1.6 vs 0.95),分支数量较大(一级枝8.5vs 6.6;二级枝32.6 vs 9.7;三级枝:0.7 vs 0),分支率较高(4.7 vs 2.3),瘠薄的间作生境明显较低。两种生境中,个体高度与一级枝无关,而与二级枝数量呈现明显抛物线曲线关系。不同位置或节点枝径、间距长度、结实数量都呈现直线或曲线关系,表明位置效应明显,益母草呈现向基性发育模式。深入分析发现,益母草生殖枝结构性参数,如枝径、节间长度都与结实数量呈现明显的线性关系,暗示这种位置效应实质上是结构大小引起的,归为结构限制。随着个体生长,益母草枝干、根系、花果、叶片生物量增长速度依次降低,暗示培育目标实现可能需要优化构型特征。总体分析,益母草通过构型优化(如分支率)来适应异质性生境,而构件生殖存在结构依赖性。     

银杏硬枝插穗不同处理方法生根成活率试验

试验设5个处理,采用春采和冬储两种采穗方式,用自制高分子.激素水凝胶生根膜和ABT1号生根粉100mg/kg溶液对银杏硬枝插穗进行处理。试验结果表明银杏春采插穗涂自制高分子.激素水凝胶生根膜露地与地膜覆盖扦插育苗生根成活率无显著差异,较冬储插穗浸ABT生根粉100mg/kg溶液露地、地膜覆盖扦插可显著提高插穗生根成活率。     

不同生根处理及不同扦插基质对土沉香苗木生根的影响

通过3因素3水平正交试验设计L9(34)研究了不同生根促进剂(R)、不同生根促进剂浓度(T)及插穗不同基部下切口型(Y)对土沉香扦插育苗生根率、生根数的影响差异,研究了不同基质(E)对土沉香扦插育苗的影响差异。结果表明:使用ABT-1#(R1)+750×10-6(T3)+双削面(Y3),即R1T3Y3组合效果最佳,平均成活率达89.1%、平均单株生根数达9.9条;4种不同基质扦插对比试验中以红壤:珍珠岩=1∶1(E4)最佳,平均生根率达到90.3%。     

金叶榆嫩枝扦插试验研究简

通过不同激素、不同激素浓度、不同浸泡时间对金叶榆进行嫩枝扦插试验,结果表明：激素浓度是影响金叶榆扦插生根率、生根数量的显著因子,是影响生根长度的极显著因子,而激素种类和处理时间对生根影响不显著;确定采用ABT1＃200×10-6处理2 h ,生根效果最好,生根率达到80％,平均根量为12个,平均根长9．2 cm。