自由人槭‘秋焰’(Acer×freemanii‘Autumn Blaze’)组培的褐变控制研究

针对自由人槭‘秋焰’(Acer×freemanii‘Autumn Blaze’)初代培养外植体褐化严重问题,采取不同取材时间、添加抗褐变剂、暗处理等措施,研究了三种措施对自由人槭‘秋焰’组织培养中褐化的影响效应。结果表明:随着取材月份变化,外植体褐化率提高;AC和PVP对褐变的处理,与Vc和Na2S2O3的处理相比达到差异极显著,又以2.0g/L的PVP抑制褐化效果最佳;随着黑暗处理时间的加长,褐化率呈现高-低-高的变化趋势。春季4、5月份取材,接种于添加PVP2.0g/L的MS上时,直接进行光照培养,可有效控制褐变。     

干燥机粮层通风阻力特性数值模拟与试验

粮层内部通风阻力特性是影响干燥均匀性和能量损耗的关键因素之一。针对传统的经验公式存在精度偏低、未考虑粮层多孔介质的复杂变化因素和非线性的不确定性问题,基于传统的Ergun模型进行了压力损失因素分析;在通风阻力试验平台测定试验数据,通过探索性分析方法对风速进行分段,引入误差影响因子λ,导出了一种新的基于多孔介质Ergun的稻谷变层压力场模型;给出了优化阻力特性曲线,构建了变层阻力与层厚的数学关系。试验结果证实,风速小于0.2m/s时,λ取值为1;风速在0.2~0.4m/s范围内时,λ取值为0.89;风速在0.4~0.6m/s范围内时,λ取值为0.79。     

不完全分形多孔介质热导率模型

将多孔介质的物理构成分为具有分形结构的团聚体集合和不具有分形特性的固相和孔隙相,建立了简化单元体模型解释其微观结构。结合多孔介质在干燥过程中热量守恒定律和傅里叶导热定律导出了材料总有效热导率模型。此模型无经验常数,每一个参数都有物理意义。研究结果表明,有效热导率与迂曲分形维数、面积分形维数、孔隙率和热风温度呈反比,与热风速率和时间呈正比。     

多孔介质水分运动的随机数值分析

采用van Genuchten-Mualem模型描述非饱和水力传导度和水分特征曲线,将模型中的3个参数作为随机场处理,联合运用Karhunen-Loeve展开和摄动方法,得到饱和非饱和水流的一个随机数值模型。应用该模型分析了介质随机参数的空间变异性对水头分布的影响,结果表明,水头标准差对介质参数的敏感程度由大到小依次为非饱和参数n、β、饱和水力传导度Ks,饱和带水头分布的变异性较非饱和带小。     

菇渣和锯末作为丽格海棠栽培基质的研究

为减少花卉无土栽培对泥炭资源的依赖,同时降低生产成本,该研究以菇渣和锯末两种农林有机废弃物作为基质的主要成分栽培丽格海棠,探讨取代泥炭作为丽格海棠栽培基质的可行性。结果表明,4锯末:1珍珠岩和3锯末:1蛭石两个处理的理化性质的各项指标均在无土栽培基质的理想范围内,用其栽培的丽格海棠根系生长健壮,生长发育综合表现显著优于对照,两个处理的成本分别比对照降低27.61%和27.23%,可作为丽格海棠无土栽培的代用基质。     

Using composted wheat residue as a growth medium in culture of tomato

A greenhouse experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different growing media on some properties of tomato (Lycopersicom esculentum L. cv. Falcato). Four growing media including wheat residue, composted wheat residue, coco peat + perlite, and coco peat + soil were applied in pot experiment with completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that fruit yield, chlorophyll, and vitamin C contents of tomatoes grown in the composted wheat residue and coco peat + perlite treatments were significantly greater than the other growth media. Fresh weight of root and inflorescence were higher in the tomatoes cultivated in the composted wheat residue pots than the other media. Higher internode length and nutrient concentrations in leaf and fruit at the coco peat + perlite treatment were obtained as compared to the other growth media treatments. According to the results, it can be concluded that the coco peat + perlite can be substituted for by composted wheat residue for the cultivation of tomato.     

The growth of tagestes erecta,petunia hybrida nana compacta and myosotis alpestris in a range of peat‐based container media

Abstract

The dry matter yield and nitrogen content of marigold (Tagestes erecta), petunia (Petunia hybrida nana compacta) and forget‐me‐not (Myosotis alpestris) plants growing in a range of peat‐based container media amended with different proportions of either sand, perlite, pumice, sawdust, bark chips or soil were studied under glasshouse nursery conditions.

Plant responses differed between species as manifested by their different correlations with measured moisture and aeration characteristics of the media. Marigold and petunia were adversely affected by excessive moisture content as demonstrated by their negative correlation with micropore water and container capacity. However, forget‐me‐not, being adapted to relatively high moisture regimes, responded adversely to increased aeration.     

不同培养基对PK15细胞增殖影响的研究

采用无血清液体培养基、DMEM培养基和MEM培养基进行PK15细胞的培养，观察细胞增殖及传代效果，确定无血清液体培养基的营养功能。结果表明：无血清液体培养基只能维持第一代细胞的生长，不能用于第二代后的培养，效果不如DMEM、MEM培养基，且差异显著。     

箭胡毛杨良种采穗圃营建技术与产穗量的相关分析

箭胡毛杨为杨树新培育品种,在其良种繁育中,采穗圃建设是重要环节。通过对４种不同采穗母株的作业方式和４种不同定植密度处理与母株产穗量的分析,探明了箭胡毛杨良种采穗圃营建的主要技术问题。结果表明,５、１０、１５、２０ ｃｍ ４种母株截干作业对穗条的生产量影响差异性显者;３０ ｃｍ × ４０ ｃｍ、 ４０ ｃｍ × ５０ ｃｍ、 ４０ ｃｍ × ６０ ｃｍ、 ５０ ｃｍ × ６０ ｃｍ ４种密度处理对有效穗条的生产量影响差异性显著; ５ ｃｍ与１０ ｃｍ截干作业处理之间对有效穗条产量影响差异性不显著;５、１０、１５ｃｍ处理之间对总穗条产量影响差异性不显著; ４０ｃｍ×５０ｃｍ、４０ｃｍ×６０ｃｍ、 ５０ｃｍ×６０ ｃｍ密度处理之间对有效稳条产量影响差异性不显著;采穗母株作业方式与定植密度间存在互作效应; ４０ ｃｍ× ５０ ｃｍ株行距配合 ５～ １０ ｃｍ截干作业方式可提高苗圃单位面积的穗条产量。     

媒体资源在蓄能机组全范围仿真机中的应用

介绍了抽水蓄能机组全范围仿真机中常用媒体资源的主要作用,如文本、声音、图像、图形、动画及视频等,并给出了这些媒体资源在Windows环境下用Visual C 6.0的实现方法,把该方法应用于水力装置系统仿真软件包中,取得了较好的效果。