茶用菊花功能性有效成分及其药理学功效研究进展

茶用菊花具有重要的营养价值及保健价值。从黄酮类、挥发油、有机酸类、氨基酸、多糖类、微量元素及其他方面对茶用菊花的功能性有效成分进行分析;对其具有的保护心血管、抗肿瘤、调血脂、保护肝脏、镇痛、抗菌消炎、抗衰老等功效进行研究,以期为茶用菊花化学和药理的作用机制研究以及下一步的功能产品开发提供思路。     

闽台两地生态旅游资源等级区划分

应用投影寻踪技术与聚类分析相结合的数学手段,通过对福建、台湾的81个县(市、区)的数据处理,对森林景观资源进行了分类区划。结果表明:福建生态旅游资源大致由内陆向沿海递减,即由内陆到沿海分别为第一等级、第二等级、第三等级;台湾生态旅游资源由中部山脉向东西两岸递减,即中部第一等级,东部第二等级、西部第三等级,这与福建及台湾的生态资源的地理分布相似。     

茶多酚、茶多糖对兔动脉血压的影响

兔静脉注10mg／mL的茶多酚和茶多糖溶液,观察对动脉血压的影响,结果表明：注射荼多酚1—3mL后收缩压6次降低（9％-20％）,2次升高（13％和20％）,3次无变化;舒张压2次升高（20％和140％）,9次无变化;注射茶多糖1-4mL后收缩压9次降低（2％-29％）,3次升高（13％-40％）,5次无变化;舒张压4次降低（10％-200％）,7次升高（20％-50％）,6次无变化。上述浓度和剂量的茶多酚、茶多糖对兔动脉血压均无显著影响（P〉0．05—0．5）。     

桑茶间作经济效益的调查

利用桑茶空间互补、立体共生等特点,进行桑茶,可提高土地利用率,降低生产成本,即改善生态环境,又增加农民收益。     

The Epidemiology and Characteristics of Q fever and Co‐infections with Scrub Typhus,Murine Typhus or Leptospirosis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Database Study

Q fever (QF) is a worldwide zoonosis associated with outbreaks. Only a few nationwide studies regarding the surveillance and epidemiology of human QF have been reported. Although QF is endemic in Taiwan, a nationwide database investigation of the epidemiology and characteristics of QF and its associations with scrub typhus (ST), murine typhus (MT) and leptospirosis (LS) has never been reported. We analysed nationwide databases of suspected QF, ST, MT and LS cases from October 2007 to December 2014 obtained from the Centers for Disease Control, Taiwan. A total of 468 (4.2%) QF cases were identified among 11 109 suspected QF cases. QF cases were mainly distributed in the southern and Kaohsiung–Pingtung regions but rarely in the eastern region. Compared to non‐QF cases, QF cases had significantly higher percentages of males (88.7 versus 66.2%) and high‐risk occupations (farming, animal husbandry or veterinary medicine) (16.2 versus 10.5%). But the percentages of specific animal contact, including cattle (0.6 versus 0.8%) and goats (0.9 versus 1.0%), were low in both. The majority of suspected QF cases (89.4%) were simultaneously suspected with ST, MT or LS, and the combinations of suspected diseases differed between regions. The number of suspected QF cases from the eastern region decreased since 2009, which was not observed in other regions. A total of 1420 (12.8%) cases had confirmed diseases, including QF (453, 4.1%), QF+ST (7, 0.06%), QF+MT (4, 0.04%), QF+LS (4, 0.04%), MT (186, 1.7%), ST (545, 4.9%), ST+LS (11, 0.1%) and LS (210, 1.9%). Compared to cases of unknown disease, QF cases had larger percentages of high‐risk occupations (16.2 versus 9.6%) but similar histories of animal contact (29.8 versus 25.1%). QF is an endemic disease in southern Taiwan. It is difficult to differentiate QF from ST, MT or LS only by high‐risk occupations and history of animal contact, and co‐infection of QF with these diseases should be considered.     

茶皂素处理对黄皮果实贮藏品质及生理活性的影响

以“大鸡心”黄皮为材料,研究了不同浓度茶皂素处理对黄皮相关贮藏品质及生理活性变化的影响。结果表明,低浓度的茶皂素处理能显著抑制黄皮果实贮藏后期褐变现象,保持较高黄皮果实可溶性固形物含量及相对适宜的酸度,有效抑制了黄皮果实多酚氧化酶（PPO）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性的上升,并提升超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性,其中贮藏至12 d时,低浓度处理果实PPO活性为0.39±0.03 U.g-1.min-1,低于对照组和高浓度处理组;贮藏至6 d时, SOD活性为5.07±0.08 U.g-1.min-1,显著高于对照组和高浓度处理组。而高浓度的茶皂素处理可抑制果实保护酶过氧化氢酶（CAT）的下降与脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）的积累。适宜浓度的茶皂素处理有利于减缓黄皮褐变并维持果实贮藏品质,提高其商品价值。而不同浓度茶皂素处理对黄皮果实在生理指标上具有不同的效果,具体应用浓度仍有待进一步研究。     

茶叶中高氯酸盐检测方法研究进展

高氯酸盐是一种持久的化学污染物,近年来在出口茶叶中被频繁检测出来,逐渐成为影响我国茶叶出口的因素之一。检测茶叶中的高氯酸盐对我国茶产业的发展具有重要意义,本文主要介绍了茶叶中高氯酸盐残留检测的背景及现状,总结了茶叶中高氯酸盐的检测方法,为高氯酸盐的研究以及茶叶中高氯酸盐标准检测方法的制定提供依据。     

茶树育种品质早期化学鉴定——Ⅰ.鲜叶的主要生化组分与红茶品质的关系

用直线和曲线模型,模拟分析了38个品种(系)一芽二三叶鲜叶中的主要生化组分与红茶感官品质的关系。结果表明,水浸出物(We)与红茶品质(BQ)的关系可用直线模型(BQ=67.1204+0.4196We)来模拟;茶多酚(Ph)、咖啡碱(Cf)与红茶品质的关系宜用渐近曲线模型(BQ=91.9736-206.0034 Ph~(-1),BQ=89.8686-26.9622 Cf~(-1))来描述;氨基酸(A),酚氨比(P/A)与红茶品质的关系可用二次曲线[BQ=73.84+15.4138A-4.9612A~2,BQ     

脂溶性茶多酚中的主要活性组分及对人卵巢癌HO-8910细胞株的体外抑制活性

利用高速逆流色谱对脂溶性茶多酚中的主要活性组分进行分离和纯化,获得了一种新的单取代的长碳链脂溶性儿茶素表没食子儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸-4'-棕榈酸酯,并对其分子结构进行了元素分析、IR、MS和1H-NMR等表征。药理学实验考察并比较了脂溶性的表没食子儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸-4'-棕榈酸酯、水溶性的绿茶多酚和脂溶性茶多酚对人卵巢癌HO-8910细胞株的体外抑制活性。结果表明,单取代的EGCG棕榈酸酯的活性比脂溶性茶多酚强,而与绿茶多酚相当。