米糠日粮添加酶制剂对雏鹅代谢激素和生化指标的影响

7日龄雏鹅32只，随机分成对照组和试验组，饲以米糠（占30％）基因日粮，试验组添加0.2%的酶制剂。试验期为7－21日龄。21日龄时采取血样，测定其激素含量和生化指标。结果显示，（1）与对照相比较，酶制剂使雏鹅血液胰岛素水平升高40．82％（P＜0．01），血糖水平升高4．76％（P＞0．05），胰高血糖素水平降低31．18％（P＜0．01），胰岛素与胰高血糖素的比值升高104．18％（P＜0．01）；（2）血浆谷丙转氨酶活性较对照升高38．39％（P＜0．05），尿酸浓度下降10．60％（P＜0．05）；（3）血浆T3水平较对照升高24．42％（P＜0．05），促甲状腺激素水平下降8．85％（P＞0．05）。以上结果表明，酶制剂通过解除饲料中阿拉伯木聚糖等的抗营养作用，能影响机体代谢激素水平，改变糖和蛋白质的代谢，从而促进雏鹅的生长。     

粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响

本试验在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的粪肠球菌,研究其替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和腹泻率、血液生化指标以及免疫器官的影响。选取120头(28±2)日龄平均体重为(7.60±0.81)kg的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复(公母各占1/2),每个重复4头,每个重复为1圈。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加100mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和400 mg/kg杆菌肽锌,3个粪肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加40、200和1 000 mg/kg粪肠球菌,试验期31 d。试验结果显示:1)在1~14 d,饲粮中添加抗生素和粪肠球菌对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)以及料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P0.05)。在15~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI和ADG(P0.01)。在1~31 d,与对照组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADFI均极显著提高(P0.01),而ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P0.05和P0.01);与抗生素组相比,1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI(P0.01),而200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P0.05和P0.01)。2)在1~14 d,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg组的腹泻指数和腹泻率显著降低(P0.05)。在15~31 d和1~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,40和1 000 mg/kg组均可在一定程度上降低腹泻率(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,粪肠球菌可以显著提高血液中总蛋白含量(P0.05),其中200和1 000 mg/kg组达到极显著水平(P0.01),且这2组分别可以显著和极显著提高球蛋白含量(P0.05和P0.01)。与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可以显著提高总蛋白含量(P0.05)。与对照组相比,抗生素组和1 000 mg/kg组的白球比显著降低(P0.05),另外,抗生素组血液中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05),200 mg/kg组的谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,1 000 mg/kg组的肝脏重量和脾脏指数有一定程度的提高(P0.05),与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可显著提高肝脏重量(P0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加粪肠球菌可改善断奶仔猪的生长性能(饲喂15~31 d),降低腹泻率,提高仔猪免疫力,其中添加量为1 000 mg/kg时效果最好。     

Blood Response to Mercury Exposure in Athletic Horse From Messina,Italy

Mercury (Hg) exists in various chemical forms, and it is different to health effects. The most toxic effects occur in the central nervous system during fetal development with irreversible alterations of the nerve cells of the cerebral cortex and, it is essential to monitor the tissue residues of Hg to protect the animal’s health. The present investigation was carried out during May 2019 in 20 horses located in equine sport center near the area of Milazzo, Messina, that is a part of Sicilian territory heavily polluted by many toxic substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Hg in blood, serum, food, and water administered to horses and from the hematological profile as a biomarker of blood in relation to the bioaccumulation of Hg. The hematologic parameters (red blood cell, white blood cell, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and platelets) were processed with an automated hematology analyzer, and Hg concentrations were determined by DMA-80. To carry out the variation in the Hg levels in serum and blood, the data were subjected to paired t-test analysis; post-hoc comparisons were performed using Tukey’s test. The differences were considered statistically significant when P < .05. Paired t-test showed that in blood samples, Hg concentrations were significantly higher than the serum, and blood samples were positively correlated with serum (r = 0.99; P < .0001). The Hg contents determined in blood, serum, hay, and water samples were below the respective benchmarks, and therefore, we can exclude any toxicological risk for athletic horse.     

Effect of dietary Moringa stem meal level on growth performance,slaughter performance and serum biochemical parameters in geese

Moringa stem meal (MSM) with a high level of crude fibre (CF) might be developed and utilized in herbivorous geese as an unconventional feedstuff. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the MSM level in the diet on the growth performance, slaughter performance, breast meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in geese from 22 to 70 days of age. A one-factor completely randomized design was adopted in our study. A total of one thousand eight 21-day-old geese were randomly divided into six groups, with six replicates per group and 28 birds per replicate. The geese were fed diets containing MSM levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 g/kg during day 22–70. The dietary MSM level had no effect (p > .05) on the final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) or average daily feed intake (ADFI). The feed/gain ratio (F/G) increased linearly (p < .001) as the dietary MSM level increased. No differences (p > .05) were observed in the slaughter performance, meat quality and the relative organ weight (except for thymus) of the geese (p > .05). The relative weight of the thymus in the geese fed diets with supplementation of MSM was higher than that in the non-supplemented MSM control group (p < .05). In addition, 100 g MSM/kg of diet decreased the serum glucose (GLU) level (p < .05) and increased the alanine transaminase (ALT) enzyme activity (p = .03). Dietary MSM levels of no more than 60 g/kg had no effects on the growth performance and slaughter performance, whereas diets with 100 g MSM/kg increased the F/G and serum ALT enzyme activity, as well as decreasing the serum GLU level. Therefore, MSM provided at a reasonable level could be developed as an unconventional feedstuff for geese at the finisher period.     

Effect of the number of intercrosses on grain yield in basic rice synthetic populations

The effect of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 intercross cycles using genetic male sterility on the mean yield and genetic variability of the CNA 5 irrigated rice synthetic population was assessed studying 300 S_0:2 (1998/99) and S_0:3 (1999/00) families grown in two locations (Lambari, MG and Goianira, GO). Each intercross was investigated using a 8 × 8 triple lattice design experiment containing 60 families and four control cultivars. Five experiments were carried out per location and generation, totaling 20 experiments. Individual, combined over locations, combined over generations and combined over locations and generations analyses of variance were performed. Linear regression equations were fitted to data of each location and generation as well as, genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated. An average increase of 3.91% in grain yield was obtained with the increase in the number of intercrosses. However, when genetic gains obtained from selection of the five and ten highest yielding families were considered, negative b estimates were always obtained, suggesting a tendency of gain increase reduction with the increase in the number of intercrosses. This was confirmed by the analysis of the means of the best families, since increases in the number of intercrosses did not result in selection of families with greater mean grain yield. The estimates of the genetic variances and heritabilities did not suggest an increase in genetic variability with the increase in intercross cycles. Therefore, carrying out intercrosses on the base population did not improve the results of the irrigated rice recurrent selection program. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Optimization of Energy Dissipation Braces in Frame Structures

In this paper, the complex method of the nonlinear programming is used to optimize the parameters of energy dissipation bracing in energy dissipation braced frame. This method is realized with computer program and proved to be efficient. A 6-story reinforced concrete frame is used as a demonstrative example.     

Robust Adaptive Control Based on On-line Identification to Multi-parameters

In system controlled,Sampling these parameters and with parameters for controller in time, it is an object to adaptive control. The article presents a scheme that the structure parameters on it's model and model parameters is robust identified by on line, while to optimal of algorithm on adaptive control is fulfilled. In control scheme, method of intelligent identifying to the structure parameters(levels of model) and algorithm of robust pole placement are introduced also It is advancer for already mentioned scheme. Whole scheme presents new model on adaptive control.     

The Optimization Design for the Parameters of Capacitor Welding

Through the analysis in this paper,the optimum relation of the discharging current peak interval t m ,the discharging loop equivalent inductance L and equivalent resistance R is obtained.This paper analyze the original discharging loop equivalent inductance L ,which provides an effective method for adjustment and selection of inductance L to realize the optimization energy saving design of the welding machine.     

氟节胺抑制枇杷嫁接成苗砧木萌蘖相关机理初探

为寻找更长效、无害的化学控蘖剂以减轻田间管理劳动强度,以枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)嫁接成苗为材料,喷施有效成分浓度为0.050%,0.071%和0.125%的氟节胺,于不同时期取样观察控蘖效果,并尝试探究相关机理。结果表明,氟节胺减少了叶片单位面积光能的吸收量、抑制了光化学转换,但叶片的热耗散量并无明显变化。进一步测定植株氧化还原状态发现,氟节胺能够快速促进细胞内超氧阴离子(O₂^.-)积累并延缓或抑制H₂O₂的转化,从而诱发氧化胁迫。由此可见,氟节胺可能通过抑制叶片光化学转换和热耗散来破坏新生萌蘖的光合性能,进而抑制其萌发生长,而成熟叶片则通过提升自身抗氧化系统活性耐受氟节胺造成的轻度胁迫。在本试验中,各浓度的氟节胺对控制砧木萌蘖有不同程度的效果,其中浓度为0.125%的氟节胺控蘖效果相对最佳,且基本不会对砧木和嫁接成苗造成持续伤害,其作为化学控蘖剂有一定的应用潜力。