基于气动柔性驱动器的侧摆关节特性

基于气动柔性驱动器（FPA）提出了一种新型的气动侧摆关节,该关节用于农业机器人多指灵巧手设计。侧摆关节主要由两个FPA组成,向两个FPA内腔中通入不同压力的压缩气体,可以实现左右两个方向的侧摆运动。对单个FPA的自由端进行力平衡分析,建立了侧摆关节静态模型,并对模型进行简化。完成了侧摆关节静态特性试验,试验结果与仿真曲线基本吻合,验证了静态模型的正确性,但存在一定误差（最大静态误差为0.035 rad）,分析了误差原因;对侧摆关节进行了动态特性试验,试验结果表明对于不同的期望值角度阶跃信号,侧摆关节开环阶跃响应时间大约是2 s（稳态值的公差带?=5%）。该侧摆关节可以明显改善农业机器人灵巧手的工作空间,进一步提高农业机器人灵巧手的适应性和灵活性。     

Aggregate stability in range sandy loam soils Relationships with runoff and erosion

The spatial variability of soil aggregate stability and its relationship to runoff and soil erosion were examined in a catena of soils and vegetation in a semiarid environment at the Rambla Honda field site (Tabernas, Almería, SE Spain) to evaluate the validity of structural stability as a soil erosion indicator in sandy loam range soils. The influence of soil properties and topography on the variability of aggregate stability was also examined. Methods include: 1) aggregate stability assessment at 12 sites (3 repetitions per site) on the hillslope by two methods: a) aggregate size distribution by dry sieving b) water drop test; 2) soil organic carbon content; 3) particle size distribution determination; 4) terrain attributes derived from a digital elevation model (1-m resolution); 5) monitoring runoff and erosion for nearly 3 years in eight (10 × 2 m) plots distributed over the hillslope. Results: 41% of the average soil mass is formed by > 2-mm aggregates. However, wet aggregate stability is poor, with a mean (of a total of 1440 aggregates) of only 26 drop impacts necessary to break up a wet aggregate (pF = 1). Significant relationships were found in the number of water drops required for aggregate breakdown and runoff and erosion rates. However, no significant relationships between the mean weight diameter of aggregates under dry conditions and runoff or erosion rates were observed. The relationships of aggregates with other soil properties, hillslope position and proximity to plants are also analysed. The most significant correlation found was between the number of drop impacts and soil organic matter content. The stability of topsoil aggregates seems to be a valuable indicator of field-assessed runoff and inter-rill erosion of sandy loam range soils under semiarid conditions.     

混流式水轮机座环过渡段的结构分析

通过对混流式水轮机座环过渡段进行分析,获得了过渡段的最优结构。分析结果用C语言编写了程序,应用此程序可以提高设计精度,优化结构,缩短设计周期。     

三峡黄金旅游带旅游资源评价及开发研究

通过层次分析法、模糊赋分法对三峡工程蓄水后三峡黄金旅游带(重庆段)主要自然、人文景点(区)资源进行评价,并分析了旅游资源结构、开发价值及空间组合特点。在旅游带的旅游资源结构中,自然资源起着基础作用,人文景观为重要组成部分;在空间组合上可分为都市成片旅游区和沿江点状旅游区。基于上述评价结果,文章提出关于了三峡黄金旅游带旅游资源开发的一些思路。     

Structural features of a new heteropolysaccharide from the fruit bodies of Melia azedarach and its effect on cytotoxic activity

Water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from the fruit pulps of Melia azedarach and some columns were undertaken to isolate the major polysaccharide (MPS-III). Its structural features were elucidated by IR analysis, carbohydrate analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy. Then it was evaluated for the cytotoxic activity in vitro against four human cell lines, using the sulphorhodamine B assay. The data obtained indicated that MPS-III contains a α(1→4) main chain backbone composed of arabinose, mannose in a molar ratio of 1.31:1.0 and has α(1→6) branch structure. And MPS-III showed a strong cytotoxic activity in the BGC-823 cell line.     

Characterizing structural conditions in mature managed red pine: Spatial dependency of metrics and adequacy of plot size

Restoration of the range of forest types and stages that once composed the landscape mosaic of the Upper Great Lakes region of North America will involve manipulating managed red pine stands to recreate now rare structural conditions. Because many of the attributes used to characterize structural condition depend upon spatial arrangement, sampling schemes to assess condition must match sampling extent to attribute variability. To evaluate the metrics and scales appropriate for characterizing structural complexity in managed red pine, we applied metrics that incorporated one-, two-, and three-dimensional structural attributes to eight 1.0 ha mature stem-mapped stands. Most metrics were also calculated within simulated moving windows of 0.05–1.0 ha in sampling extent (“plot size”) within each stand. Two standards were used to evaluate the adequacy of plot sizes for these metrics: (1) estimates were precise, varying less than 10% among moving windows for a given scale, and (2) estimates were accurate to within 10% of the 1.0 ha value at both the 5th and 95th percentiles of the moving window distributions. Necessary sample sizes to achieve precise and accurate estimates were also calculated for each scale.     

人造板应用于沙发内结构框架的力学性能测试与分析

本研究主要是人造板应用于软体沙发内结构框架的可行性分析,通过沙发内结构框架角部接点及整体强度的力学试验与分析,得出的结论是18mm厚的多层板和OSB完全可以应用于软体沙发内结构框架的生产制作.     

口蹄疫病毒结构蛋白VP1上B细胞表位的筛选鉴定

以口蹄疫病毒株AF72 RNA为模板,反转录并扩增结构蛋白VP1基因,PCR纯化产物与pGEM-T easy载体连接并转化JM109菌株,对经凝胶电泳、PCR和EcoRⅠ酶切法鉴定为阳性的重组质粒进行测序,通过序列比对获得AF72 VP1的核苷酸序列和推导氨基酸序列,综合分析结构蛋白VP1的亲水性、可塑性、抗原指数以及表面可能性等参数,预测其潜在B细胞抗原表位并人工合成表位肽段,利用间接ELISA对潜在表位肽段进行筛选鉴定,结果显示,表位VP1a和VP1d为病毒株AF72结构蛋白VP1的优势B细胞表位,该结果为进一步的FMDV多表位疫苗研究提供有价值的参考依据.     

我国农业科研投入的结构偏差及矫正

文章从投入主体、研究主体、研究部门、费用支出等4个方面分析了我国农业科研投入结构偏差,并借鉴国际经验,结合本国实际,有针对性地提出了矫正建议。研究结果表明,我国农业科研投入结构存在明显的不合理现象,主要表现为非政府比例明显偏高、国家级科研机构经费比例偏低、种植业研究部门比例偏高、事业费支出比例不符合国际惯例等。在国家财政投入受限的前提下,建议政府进一步完善农业科研投入机制,促进农业科研事业又好又快发展。     

构建多层次供求均衡的现代农村金融体系初探

为探讨现代农村金融运行机制,促进农村经济发展,对中国农村金融体系现状、金融供求矛盾和存在的主要问题进行了调研分析,认为中国农村金融表面上是供给量不足的问题,实际上是结构性失衡的问题.针对这些问题,提出了构建多层次供求均衡的现代农村金融体系的一种初步模式.