新媒体环境下农业科技知识传播实证研究——以“农科专家在线”为例

[目的]论文旨在研究新媒体传播特征,积极探索新媒体环境下做好农业科普工作的途径。[方法]基于中国农业科学院的首个官方科普微信公众平台“农科专家在线”的工作实践,通过对后台数据的统计,分析农业科技知识传播特征、总结传播经验。[结果]“农科专家在线”累计净关注人数线性增加,北京市的用户占比数最高20.2%。“农科专家在线”72期的平均图文转化率是64.5%。从文章类别角度看重大热点事件（126.5%）、食品营养类（93.7%）和作物科学类（71.7%）的图文转化率较高。[结论]实践证明选题的新颖性、亲近性、借势性,表达方式科学性、可读性,以及文章标题的趣味性对农业科普知识传播有积极的推动作用。     

Urban Public Space Development in Harbin Driven by Music Culture Intervention

"Social event driving" has become a way to promote urban development, create urban public spaces and create a city image. As one of the important big cities in northeastern China, Harbin enjoys the reputation of "The Music City", and its public space development is inextricably linked with the driving of music culture. This paper started with the analysis of the correlation between the development of urban public spaces and the development of music culture in Harbin, and studied the influence and driving role of music culture on the construction and development of urban public spaces.     

Review on the roles and effects of growing media on plant performance in green roofs in world climates

Growing media (substrate) is a fundamental part of a green roof, providing water, nutrients and support to plants. However, little research has reviewed how it affects plant performances in different climatic regions. This study aims to analyse published research on green roof growing medium across world’s climate zones. Findings are structured according to Köppen–Geiger climate classification, aiming to investigate the prevalence of research conducted in different climate zones. Results from full-scale studies and laboratory or greenhouse experiments were reviewed. The later were included as they provide systematic knowledge on the effect of individual factors on system performances although cannot provide climate specific information. Studies discussed effects of major substrate components and depths on plant survival and establishment using standard test procedures. Results showed that most research in the subject were in temperate (group C climate classification), continental (group D) and dry climates (group B), respectively. Considerable number of investigations was conducted in controlled laboratory or greenhouse environments. Based on the results, future green roof research and guidelines should consider climate specifications of the region in designing growing medium, depths and attribute of green roof substrates in order to ensure enhanced plant performance. Especially, for more fragile but less investigated dry climate, considerations should be made to tackle heat fluctuations and drought stress by enhancing water holding capacity and thermal isolation of the substrate. To move forward, sustainable building solutions as a part of future urban forms, climate-adaptive green roof systems should be included into future research, practice and guidelines.     

Involvement of TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome in contrast medium-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To investigate whether Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were involved in contrast medium (CM)-induced inflammation and injury in renal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS: Iopromide was used to injure NRK-52E cells in the study. The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The protein levels of TLR4, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speckle-like protein (ASC), caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. The releases of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA. The apoptotic rate was evaluated by Hoechst staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by JC-1 staining. siRNA was transfected into the NRK-52E cells to silence NLRP3 expression. RESULTS: CM decreased the viability of NRK-52E cells (P<0.05). CM also elevated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, TLR4, NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 (P<0.05). Silencing NLRP3 attenuated CM-induced releases of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or knockdown of NLRP3 by siRNA transfection both attenuated cell apoptosis and loss of MMP caused by CM. CONCLUSION: TLR4/NLRP3 inflammasome takes part in the pathogenesis of CM-induced acute kidney injury, and mediates CM-induced injury and inflammation in renal tubular epithelial cells.     

新媒体视角下的酒店营销策略分析

随着科技的进步,传统的四大媒体已经无法满足目前市场营销的需要,酒店之间面临着激励竞争,纷纷借助新媒体向市场发起新一轮的营销攻势。文章从新媒体视角下探究酒店营销新策略。     

Production of Lectins from Marine Algae: Current Status,Challenges, and Opportunities for Non-Destructive Extraction

Marine algae are an excellent source of novel lectins. The isolation of lectins from marine algae expands the diversity in structure and carbohydrate specificities of lectins isolated from other sources. Marine algal lectins have been reported to have antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial activity. Lectins are typically isolated from marine algae by grinding the algal tissue with liquid nitrogen and extracting with buffer and alcohol. While this method produces higher yields, it may not be sustainable for large-scale production, because a large amount of biomass is required to produce a minute amount of compound, and a significant amount of waste is generated during the extraction process. Therefore, non-destructive extraction using algal culture water could be used to ensure a continuous supply of lectins without exclusively disrupting the marine algae. This review discusses the traditional and recent advancements in algal lectin extraction methods over the last decade, as well as the steps required for large-scale production. The challenges and prospects of various extraction methods (destructive and non-destructive) are also discussed.     

渗漉法制备紫杉醇浸膏工艺研究

以曼地亚红豆杉枝叶为原料,从粒度选择,乙醇浓度,浸渍时间,提取次数四个方面进行单因子试验,以紫杉醇回收率作为判断标准,研究渗漉法提取紫杉醇的最佳提取工艺．确定最佳渗漉工艺．得到的最佳渗漉方法为：原料过筛孔径为0.38～0.83mm,渗漉溶剂90%乙醇,渗漉流速2～5mL/min,渗漉前用90%乙醇浸渍2次,每次24h．     

蛹虫草大米培养残基中虫草素提取方法的优化研究

[目的]优化蛹虫草大米培养残基中虫草素的提取方法。[方法]以蛹虫草大米培养残基为原料,根据虫草素的理化性质,采用不同提取溶剂、温度、时间和pH值,进行单因素试验设计,利用HPLC技术检测虫草素。[结果]结果表明,蛹虫草大米培养残基中虫草素含量为2．011—2．185g／kg。不同水浴时间和温度条件的提取值为1．316～1．968g／kg。培养基残基中虫草素含量与子实体的比较系数为99．1％～110．9％。不同pH值提取液提取虫草素分别提高2．15％-15．89％。残基中虫草素优化的水溶剂提取工艺条件为：时间60min、温度60℃、pH值2．0;高浓度虫草素在水溶液中可能会发生降解。[结论]该研究为蛹虫草固体培养基的深加工和再利用以及开发新的虫草素资源提供理论依据和技术指导。     

红叶石楠容器育苗人工复合生长基质研究

利用农业生产废弃资源,对泥炭、木屑、农家肥(牛粪+山核桃壳)、树皮4种不同基质材料的物理性质、水分特性及对园林植物红叶石楠容器苗生长影响进行研究.研究结果表明:通过性能指标比较和主成分分析,农家肥(牛粪+山核桃壳)、珍珠岩、蛭石(三者基质比为60:20:20)等轻基质资源作为容器育苗的基质原料使用,具备国内外通用育苗基质原料的相似理化基础,是较理想的容器育苗复合基质的原材料.另外,木屑和泥炭也是较好的复合基质原料,基质肥力持久性能好;树皮须与其它原材料按合适的配比混合使用,改善复合基质的性能,能降低生产成本.     

不同浓度营养液对樱桃番茄生长发育的影响

以3种浓度的营养液,采用水培、基质培对樱桃番茄进行栽培试验。结果表明:樱桃番茄株高、茎粗、叶面积、叶数、叶绿素含量等,水培均好于基质培。采用水培方式栽培选用1.5倍剂量浓度的营养液,其生长发育优于0.5倍和1.0剂量营养液;采用基质培方式选用1.0剂量浓度的营养液,其生长发育优于0.5倍和1.5倍剂量营养液。