丽水市小径竹资源调查与分析

通过对丽水市小径竹林种类、面积、分布、立地条件、林分状况、经营现状的全面调查,掌握了资源状况,分析了资源特点和开发潜力,提出了保护与利用开发的建议.     

阔叶树小径材热压干燥工艺的研究

通过对荷木和米槠两种华南地区常用阔叶树小径材薄板材热压干燥工艺的研究，探讨热压干燥工艺参数对小径材板材干燥质量（包括密度，厚度压缩率，尺寸稳定性及部分力学性能）的影响，试验结果表明，热压干燥工艺可以大大改善小径材的物理力学性能。     

Vegetation dynamics in burnt heather-gorse shrublands under different grazing management with sheep and goats

Vegetation dynamics in previously burnt shrublands dominated by gorse (Ulex gallii) in north-west Spain were studied during 4 years under different grazing managements with sheep (Gallega breed) and goats (Cashmere or local breed). Initially (Period 1), treatments consisted of sheep or goat grazing on four plots (two replicates). After two grazing seasons, the plots were split in two and the treatments were reversed in four of the subplots; sheep were placed in subplots previously grazed by goats and vice versa (Period 2). The results from Period 1 showed that goats control the regrowth of gorse (from 19.6 to 14.2% of cover) more effectively than sheep (17.8 to 27.0% cover; P < 0.05), favouring the increase in herbaceous plants (from 21.5 to 42.1% of cover under goat grazing and from 22.1 to 26.6% under sheep grazing; P < 0.01). In Period 2, after changing treatments, there was a clear effect of the previous management (P < 0.01), conditioning the dynamics of the different plant components. Where the same animal species were maintained for 4 years, the differences between sheep or goat grazing on gorse and herbaceous plant dynamics increased (24.4% of gorse and 35.2% of herbaceous plant cover under goat grazing vs 43.8% of gorse cover and 19.1% of herbaceous plant cover under sheep grazing). Animal species change buffered the differences between sheep and goats during the second Period.     

在韩国片断化林区内道路对小型啮齿类种群的影响

The road effect on small rodent population is investigated at 8 fragmented forest areas in the Baekdudaegan moun-tain range, South Korea in September 2001, We especially focused on the distribution and body condition of small rodents near the roads, Korean field mouse (Apodemus peninsulae) seems to be more sensitive to the existence of a road than striped field mouse (Apodemus agradus), Korean field mouse prefers interior forest area to around road. Striped field mouse is a habitat generalist and has wide distributional range around road, but Korean field mouse is forest-inhabiting species and their distribu-tion is limited in forest area. These results suggest the effect of road is different on each small rodent species and their habitat preferences.     

Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner as an alternative control of small hive beetles, Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

Small hive beetles, Aethina tumida Murray, are parasites and scavengers of honeybee colonies, Apis mellifera L., and have become an invasive species that can cause considerable damage in its new distribution areas. An effective subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (=Bt) would provide an alternative to chemical control of this pest. Therefore, we tested three different Bt strains [B. thuringiensis, var. aizawai (B401^®), B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Novodor^®) and B. thuringiensis var. San Diego tenebrionis (Jackpot^®)] and Perizin^® (3.2% coumaphos), each applied on combs with a pollen diet fed to pairs of adult beetles. This evaluates the products for the suppression of successful small hive beetle reproduction. While none of the tested Bt strains showed a significant effect on the number of produced wandering larvae, we could confirm the efficacy of coumaphos for the control of small hive beetles. We further show that it is also efficient when applied with a lower concentration as a liquid on the combs. We suggest the continued search for efficient Bt strains naturally infesting small hive beetles in its endemic and new ranges, which may become a part of the integrated management of this pest.     

Mathematical Simulation of Small Log Ripped by Slasher Saw

Withthesmallsawlogwidespreadused,theuncut-boardsandslabsarecutbythemulti-bitrippingedgerinthejhoberindustw.AfersawingripPed,theunedgedboedaccuratelyvolumeisfAnotherparametCrsaredefinitebyadrawing,theaPProimatevolumeforn1ulateofunedgedboardistx,y,~inatC,x'…     

沙葱及其提取物对小尾寒羊生产性能、胴体特征、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响

【目的】 研究沙葱及其提取物对小尾寒羊生产性能、胴体特征,肉品质及血清生化指标的影响,为舍饲肉羊饲料添加剂的开发提供试验依据。【方法】 选取3月龄、体重相近的小尾寒羊公羊60只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,对照组（CK）饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加沙葱粉(AMR),沙葱水提物(AWE)和沙葱醇提物(AFE),添加剂量分别为10、3.4和2.8 g/（只•d）。试验持续75 d,其中预饲期15 d,正饲期60 d。正饲期内测定小尾寒羊生产性能,正饲期结束空腹颈静脉采血测定血清生化指标,随后每个重复随机选2只羊进行屠宰,立即测定胴体特征（胴体热重、屠宰率、肾周脂肪重、皮下脂肪厚度及硬度）,取胴体左侧背最长肌测定肉品质,取肾周脂肪、尾部脂肪、背部皮下脂肪和大网膜脂肪测定脂肪肉色。【结果】 与对照组相比,①沙葱醇提物组的平均日采食量显著降低（P=0.001）,饲料转化率显著升高（P=0.039）,平均日增重无显著性变化（P>0.05）;②日粮添加沙葱粉及水提物能够显著降低羊肉的剪切力（P=0.029）;③沙葱粉组、水提物组和醇提物组肾周脂肪的黄度值（b^*）无显著性差异（P>0.050）,醇提物组肾周脂肪（P=0.096）和大网膜脂肪（P=0.087）的b^*值与沙葱粉组相比有升高的趋势,而红度值（a^*）（P=0.044）和饱和度（C^*）（P=0.021）显著高于沙葱粉组;④添加沙葱及其提取物能够显著升高血清总蛋白（P=0.006）的含量,沙葱及其醇提物能够显著提高血清白蛋白（P=0.006）的含量,沙葱醇提物能够显著降低血清尿素氮（P=0.024）的含量。【结论】 沙葱及其提取物对舍饲小尾寒羊胴体特征和脂肪肉色无显著影响;日粮中添加沙葱醇提物能够显著提高小尾寒羊饲料转化率,沙葱粉及水提物能够显著降低羊肉的剪切力,提高羊肉嫩度;同时沙葱及其醇提物能够显著提高血清中总蛋白和白蛋白的含量,促进肉羊对蛋白质的吸收。     

小农户参与现代农业发展:现实特征、实现基础与机制构建

基于“大国小农”的国情,促进小农户和现代农业有效衔接是推动中国农业现代化发展进程以及实现乡村振兴战略的主要着力点。虽然当前小农户参与现代农业发展存在老龄化、女性化和兼业化“三化”并重的锁定效应、耕地禀赋的刚性效应以及市场准入的壁垒效应,但重新审视小农户的生命活力与现代农业发展的包容性可以发现,小农户和现代农业之间存在相容性关系。进一步提出,实现小农户和现代农业衔接的关键在于建立新型农业服务主体激励相容机制、社会网和利益网“双重”网络机制以及小农户自我发展能力提升机制。     

维西县哺乳动物区系调查

于2010年6~10月和2011年2~8月,对维西县野生哺乳动物进行了野外调查,调查地点包括塔城镇、攀天阁乡、白济汛乡、叶枝镇、巴迪乡、永春乡、维登乡、保和镇、康普乡等9个乡镇。共记录了55种哺乳动物,隶属8目、21科、44属。其中东洋界种类占全部哺乳动物种数的67.27%,古北种占12.73%,广布种占20.00%。其中属国家I级保护5种,国家Ⅱ级保护10种,省级保护2种,列入CITTES附录的20种。     

Role of ILK siRNA on expression of GSK-3β and β-catenin in human tubular epithelial cells stimulated by high glucose

AIM：To investigate the effects of siRNA targeting integrin-linked kinase (ILK) on the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line HKC induced by high glucose. METHODS：HKC cells were divided into 4 groups:normal glucose (NG) group, high glucose (HG) group, HG+HK (a vector containing the non-specific siRNA designed as negative control) group and HG＋ILK siRNA group. The inverted fluorescence microscope was used to examine the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). The expression of ILK at mRNA and protein levels was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The expression of p-GSK-3β and β-catenin was observed by immunocytochemical staining. The protein expression of total GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, nuclear β-catenin, total β-catenin, E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was measured by Western blotting. RESULTS：GFP was observed in HKC cells, indicating that the transfection was successful. Both the protein and mRNA of ILK were down-regulated in HG＋ILK siRNA group compared with HG group and HG+HK group, but still higher than those in NG group. Silencing of ILK down-regulated the expression of p-GSK-3β and nuclear β-catenin. No difference of total GSK-3β or total β-catenin was observed among the 4 groups. CONCLUSION:These data support a functional role of ILK, GSK-3β and β-catenin in tubular EMT induced by high glucose. ILK may promote tubular EMT by regulating the activity of GSK-3β and β-catenin, the downstream effectors of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.