变速恒频风力机组变桨距控制系统

在风力机空气动力学特性分析的基础上，讨论了变速恒频风力机组变桨距机构在低于额定风速阶段和高于额定风速阶段的不同控制策略。将模型与控制方法相结合的数字仿真表明，控制曲线与预期要求一致。具体设计了变桨距机构液压控制方案和电机控制方案，并提出了高油压冗余式电液比例变桨距机构的设计思路。     

基于边界层理论的叶轮的仿真

根据边界层理论推导的叶片型线方程，用pro/E建立了叶轮的三维仿真模型。该模型提供了设计离心式固液两相流泵叶轮的一种方法，通过pro/E的族表功能，只要输入叶轮的基本参数就能快速生成基于边界层理论的叶轮的模型，所以建立该模型对工业生产有一定的参考价值。     

农用运输车行驶平顺性的模拟计算与分析

提出了四轮农用运输车的八自由度随机振动系统模型，对整车行驶平顺性进行了计算机模拟计算和分析计算结果得到了试验验证。     

基于桌面虚拟现实系统车辆运动仿真的立体视觉实现

设计了一套桌面虚拟现实系统，在该系统下实现了立体视觉，并给出了车辆运动仿真的一个实例。虚拟现实技术为车辆运动仿真提供了一种新的方法。     

水泵用新型单相感应电动机仿真研究

作为三相感应电动机单相运行的一种特殊接线方式，与三相感应电动机在三相对称电源上运行相比，SEMIHEX接线方式具有更高的功率因数和效率，其起动转矩较低，非常适用于微型水泵用电动机。为便于该电机的推广使用。本文建立了SEMIHEX接线方式电动机的动态仿真数学模型，然后对其起动过程进行了仿真计算，计算结果与试验结果较吻合。     

Assessing the options for upland livestock systems under CAP reform: Developing and applying a livestock systems model within whole-farm systems analysis

This paper presents a scenario-based analysis of the impacts of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform for upland agriculture using a Welsh case-study. Specifically the paper examines the impacts of the introduction of the single-farm payment (SFP), the modulation of direct payments under Pillar I of the CAP and the increase in agri-environment payments under Pillar II. Three enterprises are examined, upland sheep rearing with lamb finishing, spring- and autumn-calving suckler-cattle with calf rearing. These enterprises are modelled under conditions in 2002/3, 2004/5 and for the reformed CAP in 2005/6. To support this analysis a livestock system model (LSM) was implemented. The model assesses alternative management regimen using a flexible state-transition approach. This simplifies the realisation and parameterisation of potentially complex management regimen. The model tracks fodder requirements to achieve targets based on defined diets. The LSM underpins whole-farm analyses of stocking-rates, labour and other resource requirements and net-farm income. From the case study the paper concludes that the impacts of the introduction of the CAP reform on the financial performance of the systems are small but negative (a net reduction of around 5% in support). The larger reduction in direct payments (15–18%) is partially offset by agri-environment measures. The paper concludes that while SFP encourages a more market-oriented outlook, the adaptive capacity within systems as they stand is very limited. There are a range of possible adaptation strategies, but for the uplands the extensification of cattle systems by reducing stock numbers and cutting back on labour seems most probable.     

Suitability of Multi-Agent Simulations to study irrigated system viability: application to case studies in the Senegal River Valley

It is assumed that Agent-Based Modeling is a useful technique for water management issues. In particular, it may provide a suitable framework for representing irrigated systems. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate its potential for a specific use: research on irrigated systems’ viability in the Senegal River Valley. The main assumption to be verified is that Multi-Agent Systems constitute a suitable architecture to study theoretically irrigated systems’ viability using simulations. By using Multi-Agent Systems, virtual irrigated systems can be designed that might then be used as virtual laboratories. These virtual labs constitute an alternative when real labs cannot exist for some reason.

In this paper we report on experiments we have conducted using such virtual labs for exploring an Agent-Based Model through the simulation of scenarios. A scenario is defined as a triplet: an environment, a set of individual rules, a set of collective rules. It is evaluated according to the longevity of the irrigated system. An index is defined, based on the ratio of long-enduring simulations among a set of repetitions of a given scenario. Even if simulation results display significant diversity for a given scenario due to random factors in the processes simulated, the ratio of long-enduring simulations is repeatable. This entails to explore the overall behavior of the virtual irrigated system and to build theories concerning the viability of Senegalese irrigated systems. An example is given showing the need for strong coherence for a given environment among individual rules and collective rules.     

Proteus软件在单片机实践教学中的应用

如何利用EDA技术,使用计算机仿真软件对电路、信号与系统进行辅助分析设计,优化电路设计,提高开发产品的进程及工作效率,是电子工程师在从事电子产品设计时,应该掌握的一项基本技能.本文结合实例,说明Proteus软件的功能及在单片机实践教学中的应用.     

仿生非光滑表面形态的计算机模拟

研究发现,生物体表大都相当明显地体现着各种几何非光滑形态。生物体表非光滑形态的形成不仅与其种属遗传有关,而且与生物活性和环境等有直接的关系。不同形状的非光滑表面是为适应不同种类的土壤性质而进化成的,且有着不同的触土方式。为了研究非光滑表面形态对磨损的影响以及非光滑表面形态自身的参数变化对耐磨性的影响,本文对典型的非光滑形态进行了计算机模拟。     

A tool for community-based assessment of the implications of development on water security in hillside watersheds

Development and population growth in Latin American countries with steep slope farming are likely to further increase pressures on water and land resources. A methodology was developed for assessing water availability and use under different development pathways at a watershed scale to determine whether water security is a potential problem, and if so, under what conditions it is likely to occur. This methodology makes use of a GIS-based spatial water budget model for simulating stream water availability, water use and stream flow control on a daily basis at a watershed scale. Here, we analysed water availability under three plausible development scenarios for the 3246 ha Cabuyal River watershed in southwest Colombia in the year 2025: Corporate Farming (CF), Ecological Watershed (EW), and Business as Usual (BU). Simulated average river flows at the watershed outlet were, respectively, 874, 796 and 925 l s⁻¹ for the CF, EW and BU scenarios. The contribution of base flow to river flow (base flow index) was on average, 80.8, 85.6 and 77.9%, respectively, for the three scenarios. The watershed had the potential to meet the anticipated increase in water use under each explorative scenario. However, dams were necessary to store irrigation water in the CF scenario, otherwise over 60% of the available water would have been used during the dry season. Such a high figure raises concerns about effects on aquatic and riparian ecology, concentrations of potential contaminants, water reserves for especially low rainfall years, and the watershed resilience to meet temporarily higher water needs during the day. Analyses indicated that current water-use conflicts in the watershed can be resolved if irrigation water supply is separated from drinking water supply. This study helped reduce some of the complexity associated with the interdependencies between land and water resources, the impact of using them, and spatial linkages within the watershed. Results of this study can be used for teaching local stakeholders about basic landscape responses and helping multi-institutional alliances to become proactive and to guide development to the benefit of local communities.