白水江国家级自然保护区高等植物多样性测定及保护研究

在白水江国家自然保护区综合考察的基础上,应用Shannon—Wiener变化度指数（H）、Pielou均匀度指数㈣和Simpson优势度指数（功测度群落内的多样性（α多样性）,用Sorensen指数（S1）、Jaccard指数（Cj）和Cody（βc）指数测试群落间的多样性（β多样性）结果表明：保护区由于海拔相差大和所处气候带的原因,仅多样性与β多样性均较低;保护区有野生种子植物136科、708属、1810种。各种温带分布的属共有540个之多,占总属数的70．77％,温带成分几乎包括了世界温带分布的所有木本属,反映出明显的温带性质。并针对存在的生境片断化、毁林开荒、森林不合理砍伐、森林旅游等威胁因素,提出了相应的保护措施。     

分布式温室智能控制系统智能控制器设计与实现

针对当前国内温室自动控制智能化程度不高和扩展性差的问题,开发了分布式温室智能控制系统。该系统借鉴现场总线思想,将分布式系统中过程控制级分解为智能控制器级和智能模块级。设计并开发了处于系统中间层的温室智能控制器软硬件。该智能控制器具有双串行口,用于与上位机和智能模块通信。针对通信的开放性要求设计了通信协议。软件内含模糊控制算法,允许控制器脱离上位机独立控制温室;上位机根据气候等因素的变化随时更新控制器的模糊控制算法。经过1年多的实际运行显示,系统运行稳定可靠,环境参数控制精度满足温室生产要求,其中温度控制精度达±1℃。     

Preparation of Adjuvant Diluent for Live Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever and Evaluation of its Immune Effects

The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as adjuvant diluents (AD) for live vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) that could effectively enhance the immune effect of vaccine.The AD was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique.Formulations and preparation parameters were optimized with response surface design.Its stability, particle size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential were characterized.The humoral immune response and cellular immune response of the AD were evaluated with BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The particle size of the AD prepared by optimized formulation and parameters was 100.4 nm, PDI was 0.147, and Zeta potential was —28.7 mV.The experiment results showed that the AD had good stability.The AD was inoculated combined with live vaccine against CSF into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The results showed that the live vaccine against CSF specific immune responses could be evoked in mice by co-inoculation with AD and vaccine.The cellular immune response levels in co-inoculated groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with obvious phenomena of higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-4 in serum.The result revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved with the AD.The results strongly revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved by introducing AD for effective immune-adjuvant for live vaccine against CSF.     

Discussion of the Application and Foreground of Falling Water Aeration with the Process of Sewage Treatment

The engineering design of sewage treatment plant for the Chongqing city, P. R. China is analyzed in this paper. Considering the situation of China and other projects, the characteristics of falling water reactor for the environment protection project and economy of investment is introduced ; the application and foreground of falling water aeration in the process of sewage treatment is discussed, such as Oxidation - ditch, SBR, and so on. The conclusion indicated that the falling water aeration can be designed and used as an independent aeration, and, it is an upgraded technology of sewage treatment which is adaptive for city water environment control in middle and small towns in China. The falling water aeration may reduce running cost of the sewage treatment plant, is adaptive for foothill and the mountainous areas, and reduces project investment and environments damage.     

天津市民水资源保护意识定量评价

水资源是维持人类生存、经济发展与社会进步的重要物质。但随着人口增长和社会经济的快速发展,水资源短缺和水污染问题日益严重。加强水资源保护意识宣传,提高市民节水意识,是实现水资源可持续利用的重要途径。文中基于系统观念,建立了一套综合评估市民水资源保护意识的指标体系,针对天津市民开展实证研究。选用层次分析法确定指标权重,通过模糊综合评价模型进行定量评价,采用相关分析辨识主要影响因子。结果表明:天津市民水资源保护意识总体一般,水资源保护意识强、中、弱的市民比例分别为50.96%、37.77%和10.92%;不同特征人群水资源保护意识存在差异;基于ArcGIS的空间分析表明天津市民水资源保护意识水平存在"东南高西北低、内高外低"的分布规律。     

乙酰乳酸合成酶及其抑制剂研究新进展

乙酰乳酸合成酶（AHAS）是支链氨基酸生物合成途径中的一个关键酶,是绿色除草剂的重要作用靶标。由于此生物合成过程只存在于植物和微生物体内,因此该类抑制剂对哺乳动物具有生物安全性。近年来,随着AHAS三维结构的阐明,人们不仅深入了解了已有抑制剂的作用机制,并且依此设计开发了一些新型的抑制剂, 拓展了其在抑菌活性方面的生物学功能。文章对近年来AHAS及其抑制剂的最新研究进展进行了综述,重点就AHAS的酶学特征、结构特征及结合方式,以AHAS为靶标的新颖除草活性化合物的设计开发以及AHAS抑制剂的抗菌生物活性研究进展等问题详细进行了总结,以期为设计开发靶向AHAS的新型除草剂或抗菌药物提供参考。     

水稻种绳直播机关键工作部件的设计研究

针对目前水稻直播机存在结构复杂、笨重、造价高、机具下陷量大、能耗高、机具转弯半径大、开沟器容易堵塞、每穴粒数调整困难等问题,提出了水稻种绳直播技术并介绍了其基本原理,重点对种绳直播机的种绳播放装置及防堵装置进行了分析计算与结构设计,为水稻种绳直播机的研制开发及有效解决播种机使用过程中存在的问题提供了依据.     

黑龙江赫哲村民俗旅游开发研究

黑龙江赫哲村具备深厚的民俗积淀,是我国北方渔猎文化的精神枢纽,鲜明的文化特征吸引了众多游客。介绍了赫哲族的传统文化及旅游业发展现状,分析了赫哲族基于旅游业的文化及价值变迁,顺势探讨了几种民俗旅游开发发展模式,力图基于民俗文化与旅游发展的辩证关系,服务于以赫哲村为代表的文化传承与旅游经济的共同发展。     

杉木人工林自疏过程密度变化分析方法的研究

采用二次正交旋转组合设计方法 ,建立了影响杉木自疏的海拔、坡位及林分平均胸径与杉木人工林自疏过程密度变化关系的数学模型 ,结果表明林分平均胸径对杉木人工林自然稀疏存在极显著影响 ,坡位与林分平均胸径的交互作用对自疏存在显著影响 .运用遗传算法优化了模型参数 ,在检验模型适应性的基础上应用计算机模拟技术 ,分析了杉木人工林自疏过程密度变化随坡位及林分平均胸径变化的内在规律 ,为杉木人工林密度定量管理提供了科学基础