重庆开县猕猴桃溃疡病药效试验研究初报

猕猴桃溃疡病是毁灭性病害,目前化学防治是预防该病的主要措施。试验采用碧生20％（噻唑锌）悬浮剂、可杀得1 01、农用链霉素72％可溶性粉剂、1．8％辛茵胺和有机硅对猕猴桃溃疡病防治进行药效研究。结果表明,蓰用链霉素72％可溶性粉剂1 000倍液对猕猴桃溃疡病防治效果最好,碧生20％（噻唑锌）悬浮剂、可杀得1 01、1．8％辛菌胺防治效果其次,且这5种药剂之间药效差异不显著。     

苹果树腐烂病发生原因及其防治技术

根据对中卫山羊场果园及附近果园的调查,分析了苹果树腐烂病的发生特点及发病原因,提出防重于治的苹果树腐烂病综合防治技术措施。     

鄂西北核桃主要病虫害调查及防治初探

通过近几年在鄂西北核桃主产区的病虫害调查研究,发现危害严重的主要病害有：核桃黑斑病、核桃溃疡病和核桃枯枝病3种,主要虫害有核桃举肢蛾、云斑天牛、胡桃大蚕蛾和春尺蠖4种,初步调查出这些主要病虫害的发生发展规律,筛选出经济、安全、高效的综合防治措施。     

几个黑杨新无性系的田间溃疡病抗性研究

【目的】从5年生69杨(从美洲黑杨中选育的优良无性系)天然杂种初选优良无性系对比试验林中选出抗溃疡病的杨树新品种。【方法】在杨树溃疡病高发期的7月中旬和9月下旬,调查每株无性系距地面0.3~1.8m枝干上的病斑数及胸径,计算各个杨树无性系的感病率和感病指数。【结果】高度抗病的杨树无性系有03-南-2-21、03-北-27-1和03-北-3-1;抗病的无性系有03-南-5-11、03-南-1-13和03-南-4-24,高度感病的无性系有03-南-4-1、03-北-1-7、03-南-3-2和03-北-1-15。【结论】03-南-2-21可以成为速生抗病性好的杨树新品种。     

梨树腐烂病研究进展

梨树腐烂病（pear Valsa canker）是梨树的主要病害之一。综述了国内外在梨树腐烂病的发病症状、病原鉴定、致病力、病原菌侵染机理、病害发生流行规律及其防治技术等方面的研究进展,并探讨了该病害未来的研究方向与防治策略。     

苹果不同品种对腐烂病的抗病性调查研究

通过对黄骅南大港农场苹果园的长富１、短枝红星、王林、乔纳金、红津轻、红月、初秋、燕山红、胜利９个品种６３５株树进行了发病情况调查，得出不同品种对腐烂病抗性不同，其抗性强弱顺序为：初秋＞ 短枝红星＞ 燕山红＞ 长富１＞ 乔纳金＞ 胜利＞ 王林＞ 红津轻＞ 红月     

菌毒清对苹果腐烂病的毒力测定和田间治疗试验

室内测定表明,菌毒清对Valsa mali菌丝生长和分生孢子散发具有极强的抑制作用。该药剂对菌丝生长的剂量反应回归式为y=3.755+1.951x,EC_(50)为4.35ppm,EC_(95)为30.14ppm;对分生孢子萌发的剂量反应回归式为y=1.266+4.870x,EC_(50)为5.844ppm,EC_(95)为12.69ppm。在50ppm和100ppm表现抑菌作用。200ppm以上表现杀菌作用。残效期为25～30天。田间试验50～100ppm药液涂治病斑治愈率98%以上,未见复发。     

Screening for resistance to Nectria galligena Bres. in cut shoots of apple

Summary To find a fast and reliable test to assess resistance to Nectria galligena in apple, different methods of inoculation were compared using macroconidia of N. galligena and one-year-old cut shoots from mature trees of Cox's Orange Pippin, IVT 69078-19, James Grieve and Jonathan.With the best inoculation method 11 genotypes were screened for resistance. Elstar, Golden Delicious, Jonathan and Lombart's Calville were highly resistant and the level of resistance of Ingrid marie, Gloster, Melrose, IVT 69078-19, Cox's Orange Pippin, James Grieve and Idared decreased in this order.The best inoculation method proved to be simple, giving results within four to nine weeks after inoculation.     

Resistance to Corynebacterium michiganense in tomato genotypes

Summary The highest level of resistance to Corynebacterium michiganense was found in Irat L3 and Okitsu Sozai 1–20. Resistance was partial and symptomless plants proved to be carriers of the disease. The resistance is at least partially based on a diminished multiplication of the pathogen in the host plant.     

Screening fruit tree genetic resources in Belgium for disease resistance and other desirable characters

Summary The wide diversity of old fruit-tree cultivars originating or introduced into Belgium during the 18 ^th and 19 ^th centuries was collected as far as feasible over the last fifteen years at the State Plant Pathology Station in Gembloux. Out of the 2400 accessions now collected, one quarter was recovered from old public collections, and three quarters came from farms or gardens. The initial intention was to screen the material for disease resistance and other characters of agronomic interest with a view to using the best cultivars as breeding parents. However, as the collection developed, genetic resources conservation also became an objectiveper se. The collection presently contains 1150 apple, 850 pear and 300 plum accessions, and smaller numbers of other fruit species. Each accession is evaluated in an experimental orchard for at least ten years. In view of the growing public interest in old fruit-tree cultivars, the Plant Pathology Station has for several years been releasing to the nursery trade the better cultivars emerging from the evaluation, namely nine apple and four plum cultivars, and one peach cultivar. The principal features of the apple cultivars are presented in this paper. Since 1988, old apple and plum cultivars have been being used at the Station as parents in a breeding programme, with both controlled and open pollination. In some instances, old apple cultivars have also been crossed with a modern parent carrying the Vf gene for scab resistance. The preliminary observations on some of these seedlings are presented.