棉秆粉碎刀具磨损状态监测系统设计与试验

针对棉秆粉碎还田过程中刀具磨损严重且缺少故障监测装置导致工作失效的问题,设计了一种搭载在棉秆粉碎还田机上的智能监测系统。系统以STM32单片机为主控制器,应用多种传感器融合技术,基于机器学习算法实现刀具磨损状态监测。为了解决棉秆粉碎刀具磨损非线性特征信号难以提取的问题,提出了一种融合改进蝴蝶优化算法(IBOA)和支持向量机(SVM)的刀具磨损状态监测方法(IBOA-SVM)。该监测方法以粉碎刀辊转速、左侧振动频率、右侧振动频率作为模型输入特征向量,将刀具磨损状态(正常状态、磨损状态、丢刀状态)作为输出。相较于未优化的SVM算法,通过IBOA算法优化SVM算法的参数,刀具磨损状态的识别准确率由95.61%提高至98.83%。为验证IBOA-SVM模型的有效性,在相同参数设置环境下进行多种模型的重复对比试验,试验结果表明：相较于SVM、PSO-SVM、WOA-SVM、BOA-SVM和CWBOA-SVM 5种模型,IBOA-SVM模型识别准确率平均值有所提升,单次试验的准确率均维持在较高的水平。将IBOA-SVM模型嵌入到监测系统,并进行田间验证试验,试验结果表明设计的刀具磨损状态监测系统在...     

害虫种群动态的蝴蝶突变模型与分析

【目的】利用蝴蝶突变模型的性质分析害虫种群数量发生突变的条件和机理。【方法】在已有的害虫种群动态模型基础上添加农药影响因素,建立受天敌、气象环境因素、农药及植被状况影响的害虫种群动态蝴蝶突变模型,并对蝴蝶突变分歧点集所分各个控制区域的系统势函数和平衡点情况进行分析。【结果】建立了害虫种群动态的蝴蝶突变模型,并利用蝴蝶突变的性质描述了害虫种群数量变化中的突跳和滞后等现象,解释了害虫种群动态的蝴蝶突变特征。【结论】害虫种群动态蝴蝶突变模型可用于解释昆虫种群动态的蝴蝶突变特征。     

皖南山区蝴蝶资源调查研究

对皖南山区蝴蝶资源进行了多年的研究,共采集鉴定蝴蝶资源12科、123属、292种,其中以蛱蝶科种类最多,达80种,占总数的27.4%;其余依次是眼蝶科49种、弄蝶科46种、灰蝶科43种、凤蝶科35种、粉蝶科25种,其它6个科种类极少.     

哈达门国家森林公园的蝶类

哈达门国家森林公园的蝶类现已查明的有７科３６属４０种，其中，凤蝶科１属１种，绢蝶科１属１种，粉蝶科６属７种，灰蝶科８属９种，蛱蝶科１１属１２种，眼蝶科６属１０种，弄蝶科３属３种。不同的生境中蝶类的分布不同。     

岩泉自然保护区蝶类资源及开发利用

在分析岩泉自然保护区自然条件及蝶类资源状况的基础上,探讨了蝶类资源的开发利用与保护,为该地区的经济发展提供参考。     

长白山自然保护区蝴蝶区系研究

2003～2006年对长白山保护区蝴蝶种类进行了多次系统调查,共采集蝴蝶100种,隶属于7科59属,区系成分以广布种为主,各林带蝴蝶种类以红松阔叶林最多,苔原带最少,体现了环境变化对蝴蝶种类分布的影响。     

云南山眼蝶属一新种及二新亚种（蝶亚目：眼蝶科）

本文描记了云南西北部眼蝶科山眼蝶属一新种－中甸山眼蝶Ｐａｒａｈａｓａｚｈｏｎｇｄｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ及二新亚种－无珠山眼蝶中甸亚种Ｐａｒａｌａｓａｒｕｒｉｇｅｎａｚｈｏｎｇｄｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ和华西山眼蝶中甸亚种Ｐａｒａｌａｓａｒｕｒｉｃｏｌａｒｕｒｉｃｏｌａｚｈｏｎｇｄｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ．     

Logging within protected areas: Spatial evaluation of the monarch butterfly biosphere reserve, Mexico

Depending on the particular sociopolitical situation of a country or region, as well as the degree of dependence that a population has on its vegetation resources, both forest management or designating protected areas may serve as effective policies to protect highly valuable forest areas in the long term. Biosphere Reserves, where forest management is allowed in buffer zones but completely restricted in core zones, are an important category in this regard. They are of special importance in developing countries where a high dependency on natural resources as source of subsistence is still prevalent. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of authorized logging versus strict protection in preserving the forest cover within the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve (MBBR), in its portion in Michoacán state, México. This protected area is crucial for the preservation of the migratory monarch butterfly, and has been negatively impacted by logging and other activities. Data on logging permits from 1993 to 2006 were extracted and spatially digitized from all the officially approved Forest Management Programs (FMP) of the MBBR’s communities. Based on the delimitation of authorized logging areas, an analysis of the processes of change in forest cover was made, by means of spatial and statistical comparisons among land tenure units (LTU) with and without FMP. Statistical analyses found no significant differences of loss rates of conserved canopy cover forest between LTU with and without FMP, nor with other change processes such as recovery and re-vegetation. However, deforestation due to land use changes was significantly greater in LTU lacking FMP, although this involved a relatively small area. Spatial analyses clearly showed where the forest disturbance is concentrated, and that it is mostly caused by illegal logging and by inadequate management (extraction of timber beyond the authorized period, and forest fragmentation led by individual use of communal land). The results show that the total disturbance observed from 1993 to 2006 (5239 ha) is explained in 61% by illegal logging, 33% by extemporaneous authorized extractions and only 6% by authorized logging during the scheduled period. Thus FMP are an effective option for maintaining the forest cover in the reserve. The procedure used in the present analysis can be an effective and accessible monitoring tool, which can be used by officials responsible for forest use to supervise the strict application of logging licenses, and to give support to decision making when renewing, redesigning or revoking logging licenses.     

庞泉沟自然保护区蝶类区系的研究

1987-1988年,我们在庞泉沟自然保护区共采集蝴蝶标本97种,隶属于7个科。本文对该蝶类区系的组成成分,蝶类的垂直分布与植被类型的相互关系,以及同我省其它区系的关系等进行了分析探讨,并提出了一些保护利用的建议。     

珍贵濒危蝴蝶——中华虎凤蝶幼虫的取食行为

中华虎凤蝶五龄幼虫的取食活动是非连续的，且一般无明显的昼夜节律．日取食平均１８．００～２９．４０次，取食间隔１９．００～３０．４０次．日取食次数、取食总时间和一次取食时间一般似随日龄增长而增多或延长，近化蛹时则明显下降；一次取食间隔时间则反之．一次取食时间长短与其前后取食间隔总时间具极显著的相关性．取食时间和取食间隔时间的分布都是聚集的，说明其取食起始与终止是受内在因子调控的